Risk of Malignant Transformation in 3173 Subjects with Histopathologically Confirmed Oral Lichen Planus: A 33-Year Cohort Study in Northern Italy

Background: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is considered an oral potentially malignant disorder. The aim of our study was to estimate the risk for oral cancer in patients diagnosed with OLP. Methods: A population-based cohort study between January 1988 and December 2020 at one hospital in Northern Italy was performed. The primary endpoint of the study was that of the histopathological diagnosis of oral cancer during the follow-up period. Results: The study population comprised 3173 patients. During the follow-up period, 32 men and 50 women developed an oral squamous cell carcinoma (2.58%), with a mean time of 103.61 months after the initial diagnosis of OLP, and 21 patients died because of oral cancer. Almost half of the deceased patients had the last follow-up visit before cancer diagnosis in a period of more than 12 months. Older age, having a red form of OLP and fewer sites of involvement, increased the risk of having cancer, while age and no treatment increased the risk of death. Conclusion: This is the largest group of OLP patients with such a long follow up ever reported. Due to the increased risk of having a malignant transformation, especially in elderly subjects, OLP patients should be regularly followed up, particularly in the Northern Italian population.

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Malignant transformation in oral lichen planus and lichenoid lesions: a 14-year longitudinal retrospective cohort study of 829 patients in New Zealand

Oral Surgery Oral Medicine Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology ◽

10.1016/j.oooo.2020.07.002 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 130 (4) ◽

pp. 411-418 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Guangzhao Guan ◽

Li Mei ◽

Ajith Polonowita ◽

Haizal Hussaini ◽

Benedict Seo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

New Zealand ◽

Malignant Transformation ◽

Lichen Planus ◽

Retrospective Cohort Study ◽

Retrospective Cohort ◽

Oral Lichen Planus ◽

Oral Lichen

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GRINSPAN SYNDROME: THE TRIAD

International Journal of Medical Science and Diagnosis Research ◽

10.32553/ijmsdr.v4i10.683 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (10) ◽

Author(s):

Seema M ◽

Shruti Srinivasan

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Early Detection ◽

Malignant Transformation ◽

Lichen Planus ◽

Oral Lichen Planus ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Prevention And Early Detection ◽

Burning Mouth ◽

Oral Lichen

Lichen Planus is a chronic immunologically mediated mucocutaneous disorder with varied clinical manifestations. The condition might be associated with multiple causative or exacerbation factors. An interesting association of Oral Lichen Planus with Diabetes Mellitus and vascular hypertension is called as Grinspan's syndrome. Since its inception has been an arena of interest. It has appeared very lucrative to many researchers as it lacks clarity and enhanced ambiguity. A 65 year female patient came with a complaint of burning mouth and difficulty in swallowing since 1 year with H/O Diabetes Mellitus since 8years and hypertension since 2 years. Malignant transformation is the most significant complication of long standing and non healing Lichen Planus. Repeated follow up and biopsies are mandatory for prevention and early detection of malignant transformation. Keywords: Grinspan Syndrome, Hypertrophic Lichen Planus, Esophageal Lichen Planus

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Assessment and Comparison of Salivary Survivin Biomarker in Oral Leukoplakia, Oral Lichen Planus, and Oral Cancer: A Comparative Study

World Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1415 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 73-76 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ruchika Garg ◽

Arvind V Shetti ◽

Anjana S Bagewadi

Keyword(s):

Oral Cancer ◽

Comparative Study ◽

Malignant Transformation ◽

Lichen Planus ◽

Oral Lichen Planus ◽

Oral Leukoplakia ◽

Control Group ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Potentially Malignant ◽

Oral Lichen

ABSTRACT Introduction Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignant tumor of the oral cavity. It is preceded by various potentially malignant conditions like oral leukoplakia and oral lichen planus. Survivin is an inhibitor of apoptosis whose levels have been found increased in oral cancer as well as various potentially malignant conditions. Thus survivin can act as a biomarker and help in early detection of potentially malignant conditions which can prevent its transformation into malignancy. Aim To assess and compare the level of total human salivary survivin in oral leukoplakia, oral lichen planus, oral cancer, and control group. Materials and methods A total of 96 subjects were included in the study, which were further grouped into 24 in each group. The saliva was analyzed for survivin level among all the four groups. Survivin concentration (pg/mL) was studied in relation to clinical data. The results were analyzed using Mann—Whitney U test to derive the statistical difference. Results The average of levels of survivin in control group was 0.199 pg/mL, in oral leukoplakia group 0.312 pg/mL, in oral lichen planus group 0.380 pg/mL, and in oral cancer group 0.430 pg/mL. A comparison of all these groups revealed statistically significant difference among the groups. Conclusion Survivin may not be considered as an independent predictor of the malignant transformation for premalignant lesions but it can be an indicator for an increased risk of malignant transformation. How to cite this article Garg R, Shetti AV, Bagewadi AS. Assessment and Comparison of Salivary Survivin Biomarker in Oral Leukoplakia, Oral Lichen Planus, and Oral Cancer: A Comparative Study. World J Dent 2017;8(2):73-76.

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Malignant transformation of oral lichen planus: a retrospective study of 565 Japanese patients

BMC Oral Health ◽

10.1186/s12903-021-01652-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Fumihiko Tsushima ◽

Jinkyo Sakurai ◽

Atsushi Uesugi ◽

Yu Oikawa ◽

Toshimitsu Ohsako ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Malignant Transformation ◽

Lichen Planus ◽

Oral Lichen Planus ◽

Japanese Patients ◽

Histopathological Diagnosis ◽

Transformation Rate ◽

Oral Epithelial Dysplasia ◽

Oral Lichenoid Lesions ◽

Potentially Malignant ◽

Oral Lichen

Abstract Background Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory oral mucosa disease that is recognized as an oral potentially malignant disorder. However, the potentially malignant nature of OLP remains unclear. Methods We designed this study to examine the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with OLP and evaluate the associated malignant transformation rate. A total of 565 patients with a clinical and histopathological diagnosis of OLP who presented at our department between 2001 and 2017 were retrospectively studied. Patients who had clinical and histopathological features of oral lichenoid lesions (OLLs) classified as oral lichenoid contact lesions, oral lichenoid drug reactions and oral lichenoid lesions of graft-versus-host disease were excluded. Results The study population included 123 men and 442 women aged 21–93 years (mean ± standard deviation, 60.5 ± 11.8). The 565 patients were followed up for a duration of 55.9 ± 45.3 months, during which 4 (0.7%) patients developed squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). In three of these 4 patients who developed SCC, the clinical type of OLP was the red type. Conclusions Our results suggested that OLP was associated with a low risk of malignant transformation. We recommend regular follow-up for OLP patients and clear differentiation of oral epithelial dysplasia and OLLs to enable early detection of malignant transformation. Further investigation of the clinical risk factors associated with malignant transformation is necessary.

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Malignant Transformation of Oral Lichen Planus: A Retrospective Study of 565 Japanese Patients

10.21203/rs.3.rs-138389/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Fumihiko Tsushima ◽

Jinkyo Sakurai ◽

Atsushi Uesugi ◽

Yu Oikawa ◽

Toshimitsu Ohsako ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Malignant Transformation ◽

Lichen Planus ◽

Oral Lichen Planus ◽

Japanese Patients ◽

Histopathological Diagnosis ◽

Oral Epithelial Dysplasia ◽

Oral Lichenoid Lesions ◽

Potentially Malignant ◽

Clear Differentiation ◽

Oral Lichen

Abstract Objective Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory oral mucosa disease that is recognized as an oral potentially malignant disorder. However, the potentially malignant nature of OLP remains unclear.Materials and Methods We designed this study to examine the demographic and clinical characteristics of OLP and evaluate its malignant potential. A total of 565 patients with a clinical and histopathological diagnosis of OLP who presented at our department between 2001 and 2017 were retrospectively studied. Patients who had clinical and histopathological features of oral lichenoid lesions (OLLs) classified as oral lichenoid contact lesions (OLCLs), oral lichenoid drug reactions (OLDRs) and oral lichenoid lesions of graft-versus-host disease (OLL-GVHD) were excluded.Results The study population included 123 men and 442 women aged 21-93 years (median, 62 years). The 565 patients were followed up for an average duration of 55.9 months, during which 4 (0.7%) patients developed squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). In three of these 4 patients who developed SCC, the clinical type of OLP was the red type.Conclusions Our results suggested that OLP was associated with a low risk of malignant transformation. Further investigation of the clinical risk factors associated with malignant transformation is necessary.Clinical relevance We recommend regular follow-up for OLP patients and clear differentiation of oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) and OLLs to enable early detection of malignant transformation.

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The Characteristics of Patients with Oral Lichen Planus and Malignant Transformation—A Retrospective Study of 271 Patients

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18126525 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (12) ◽

pp. 6525

Author(s):

Vladimíra Radochová ◽

Romana Koberová Ivančaková ◽

Ondřej Heneberk ◽

Radovan Slezák

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Study ◽

Malignant Transformation ◽

Lichen Planus ◽

Oral Lichen Planus ◽

Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽

University Hospital ◽

Unknown Etiology ◽

Transformation Rate ◽

Oral Lichen

Introduction: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disease with an unknown etiology rating among oral potentially malignant disorder. The aim of the study was to determine the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the patients with OLP and rate of malignant transformation. Patients and methods: Data were obtained from the medical records of 271 patients referred to the Oral Medicine Unit at the University Hospital in Hradec Králové diagnosed with oral lichen planus in the period of 2003–2020. The records were retrospectively analyzed. The following clinical data were retrieved from the medical charts: gender, age, systemic diseases, alcohol and tobacco consumption, localization/clinical appearance of lesions, distribution of the lesions, presence of the symptoms, treatment provided and malignant transformation. Results: A total of 271 charts of patients with confirmed diagnosis of OLP were retrospectively analyzed, of whom, 66.4% (180/271) were women and 33.6% (91/271) were men. The mean age of the patients was 56.0 (18.2–85.0) years. The median follow-up of all patients was 15.2 months. Overall, 2 patients (2/271, 0.74%) meeting the above-mentioned criteria for malignant transformation were identified during the follow-up period. Both patients suffered from erosive type OLP and developed squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue. Conclusions: This retrospective study is in concordance with other studies showing the similar profile and clinical features of the patients with OLP. Malignant transformation rate was 0.74%.

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