scholarly journals Photodegradation of Carbol Fuchsin Dye Using an Fe2−xCuxZr2−xWxO7 Photocatalyst under Visible-Light Irradiation

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1473
Author(s):  
Rund Abu-Zurayk ◽  
Aya Khalaf ◽  
Hussien A. Abbas ◽  
Rabab A. Nasr ◽  
Tarek S. Jamil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Pechini Method ◽  
Complete Removal ◽  
Degradation Efficiency ◽  
Water Remediation ◽  
Fluorite Phase ◽  
Catalyst Loading ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Carbol Fuchsin ◽  
Transmission Electron

Fe2−xCuxZr2−xWxO7 (x: 0, 0.05, 0.015) nanoparticles were synthesized following the Pechini method and characterized via X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) measurements to be used as photocatalysts in colored water remediation. All of the prepared materials were crystallized in a cubic fluorite phase as the major phase. The band gap was reduced upon doping with W6+ and Cu2+ from 1.96 eV to 1.47 eV for Fe1.85Cu0.15Zr1.85W0.15O7. Carbol fuchsin (CF) dye was used to determine the photocatalytic degradation efficiency of the prepared catalysts. Degradation efficiency was directly proportional to the dopant’s concentration. Complete removal of 20 mg/L CF was achieved under optimal conditions (pH 9, and catalyst loading of 1.5 g/L) using Fe1.85Cu0.15Zr1.85W0.15O7. The degradation rate followed pseudo-first-order kinetics. The reusability for photocatalysts was tested five times, decreasing its efficiency by 4% after the fifth cycle, which indicates that the prepared Fe1.85Cu0.15Zr1.85W0.15O7 photocatalyst is a promising novel photocatalyst due to its superior efficiency in dye photodegradation.

scholarly journals Hydrothermal Synthesis of Iodine-Doped Nanoplates with Enhanced Visible and Ultraviolet-Induced Photocatalytic Activities

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiang Zhang ◽  
Zheng-Hong Huang ◽  
Yong Xu ◽  
Feiyu Kang
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Oxygen Vacancies ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Synergetic Effect ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Selected Area Electron Diffraction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Photocatalytic Activities

The iodine-doped Bi2WO6(I-BWO) photocatalyst was prepared via a hydrothermal method using potassium iodide as the source of iodine. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The photocatalytic activity of I-BWO for the degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) was higher than that of pure BWO and I2-BWO regardless of visible light (>420 nm) or ultraviolet light (<400 nm) irradiation. The results of DRS analysis showed that the I-BWO and I2-BWO catalysts had narrower band gaps. XPS analysis proved that the multivalent iodine species including I0and were coadsorbed on the defect surface of Bi2WO6in I-BWO. The enhanced PL intensity revealed that a large number of defects of oxygen vacancies were formed by the doping of iodine. The enhanced photocatalytic activity of I-BWO for degradation of RhB was caused by the synergetic effect of a small crystalline size, a narrow band gap, and plenty of oxygen vacancies.

scholarly journals Silver Orthophosphate Immobilized on Flaky Layered Double Hydroxides as the Visible-Light-Driven Photocatalysts

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianlu Cui ◽  
Yaogang Li ◽  
Qinghong Zhang ◽  
Hongzhi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Diffraction Field ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Photocatalytic Activities ◽  
Visible Light Driven ◽  
Double Hydroxide ◽  
Double Hydroxides ◽  
Acid Red G

Flaky layered double hydroxide (FLDH) was prepared by the reconstruction of its oxide in alkali solution. The composites with FLDH/Ag3PO4mass ratios at 1.6 : 1 and 3 : 1 were fabricated by the coprecipitation method. The powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscope, and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The results indicated that the well-distributed Ag3PO4in a fine crystallite size was formed on the surface of FLDH. The photocatalytic activities of the Ag3PO4immobilized on FLDH were significantly enhanced for the degradation of acid red G under visible light irradiation compared to bare Ag3PO4. The composite with the FLDH/Ag3PO4mass ratio of 3 : 1 showed a higher photocatalytic efficiency.

CeO2/TiO2 Nanotubes Composites: Synthesis, Characterization, and Photocatalytic Properties

2012 ◽  
Vol 583 ◽  
pp. 86-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai Bin Li ◽  
Xin Yong Li ◽  
Yan De Song ◽  
Shu Guang Chen ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Atomic Ratio ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Hydrothermal Route ◽  
Electron Hole ◽  
Calcination Process ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Hole Recombination

TiO2nanotubes were prepared via a hydrothermal route. CeO2nanoparticles with diameters around 5nm were loaded onto the surface of TiO2nanotubes via a deposition approach followed by a calcination process. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-vis) were applied for the characterization of the as-prepared CeO2/TiO2nanotubes composites. The results show that CeO2particles are highly dispersed on the surface of TiO2nanotubes. The TiO2 nanotubes are modified to response to the visible light due to the combination with CeO2. The CeO2/TiO2nanotubes composites with a CeO2/TiO2atomic ratio of 2.5% show a further improvement on the photocatalytic activity for degradation of Rhodamine B in water. The presence of CeO2improves the light absorption of TiO2nanotubes and inhibits the electron-hole recombination.

scholarly journals Cypermethrin elimination using Fe-TiO2 nanoparticles supported on coconut palm spathe in a solar flat plate photoreactor

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 2633366X2090616
Author(s):  
Ricardo Andrés Solano Pizarro ◽  
Adriana Patricia Herrera Barros
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Flat Plate ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Transmission Electron

In this research, the photocatalytic degradation of cypermethrin using iron-titanium dioxide (Fe-TiO2) nanoparticles supported in a biomaterial was evaluated. The nanoparticles of TiO2 were synthesized by the green chemistry method assisted by ultrasound and doped by chemical impregnation using Fe+3:Ti molar ratios of 0, 0.05, 0.075 and 0.1 to make efficient use of direct sunlight ( λ > 310 nm). All nanoparticles were immobilized on the surface of coconut spathe ( Cocos nucifera). The degradation was carried out at room temperature and natural pH in a flat plate solar reactor, on which the composite material was subjected. The concentration of cypermethrin was determined after 12,000 J m−2 of accumulated radiation from gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and the resulting material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area. The best results were achieved with the use of Evonik TiO2 P-25, Fe:Ti = 0 and Fe:Ti = 0.05 in suspension, with percentages of degradation of cypermethrin of 99.84%, 99.62%, and 100%, respectively. However, the materials supported on the biomaterial of coconut allowed to reach degradation percentages higher than 80%, with the advantage that it minimizes operating costs, as they are not necessarily filtering or centrifuging processes to separate the catalyst.

scholarly journals Synthesis of TiO2/Pd and TiO2/PdO Hollow Spheres and Their Visible Light Photocatalytic Activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Yan ◽  
Xiaojuan Li ◽  
Bo Jin ◽  
Min Zeng ◽  
Rufang Peng
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Photocatalytic Degradation ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Hollow Spheres ◽  
Active Species ◽  
Degradation Efficiency ◽  
Diffraction Field ◽  
Transmission Electron

A series of TiO2, TiO2/Pd, and TiO2/PdO hollow sphere photocatalysts was successfully prepared via a combination of hydrothermal, sol-immobilization, and calcination methods. The structure and optical properties of the as-prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Telleranalysis, Barrett-Joyner-Halenda measurement, and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The photocatalysis efficiencies of all samples were evaluated through the photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B under visible light irradiation. Results indicated that TiO2/PdO demonstrated a higher photocatalytic activity (the photocatalytic degradation efficiency could reach up to 100% within 40 min) than the other samples and could maintain a stable photocatalytic degradation efficiency for at least four cycles. Finally, after using different scavengers, superoxide and hydroxyl radicals were identified as the primary active species for the effectiveness of the TiO2/PdO photocatalyst.

scholarly journals Visible-light-driven photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B in water by BiOClxI1−x solid solutions

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (5) ◽  
pp. 1080-1089
Author(s):  
Huan-Yan Xu ◽  
Dan Lu ◽  
Qu Tan ◽  
Xiu-Lan He ◽  
Shu-Yan Qi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Solid Solutions ◽  
Rhodamine B ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sunlight Irradiation ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Visible Light Driven

Abstract Bismuth oxyhalides (BiOXs, X = Cl, Br and I) are emerging photocatalytic materials with unique layered structure, flexible band structure and superior photocatalytic activity. The purpose of this study was to develop a facile alcoholysis route to prepare BiOClxI1−x nanosheet solid solutions at room temperature. X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-vis DRS), photoluminescence emission spectroscopy (PL) and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analyzer were used to characterize the as-prepared photocatalysts. These results revealed that two-dimension BiOClxI1−x nanosheet solid solutions could be obtained with high percentage of {001} crystal facets exposed. Moreover, the formation of solid solution could regularly change the optical absorption thresholds and band gaps of BiOClxI1−x photocatalysts. The photocatalytic experiments indicated that BiOCl0.75I0.25 exhibited the highest photocatalytic performance for the degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) under simulated sunlight irradiation and the photocatalytic process followed a pseudo-first-order kinetic equation. A possible mechanism of RhB photodegradation over BiOClxI1−x solid solutions was proposed based on the structural properties of BiOClxI1−x solid solutions and RhB photosensitization.

Synthesis and Characterization of N- Doped ZnO-γAl2O3 Nanoparticles for Photo-catalytic Application

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Mansouri ◽  
A. Hosseinvand ◽  
T. Kikhavani ◽  
N. Setareshenas
Keyword(s):  
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Catalyst Loading ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Catalytic Application ◽  
Photo Catalysis ◽  
Doped Zno ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Abstract In this study, photo-catalytic degradation of methyl orange (MO) azo dye was examined by undoped and Ce2O3/ CuO/ N doped ZnO nanoparticles stabilized on γAl2O3. Highest photo-catalytic activity was observed for the N-doped 10 wt. % ZnO-γAl2O3 sample. One of the optimal points with the complete MO decomposition was determined at an initial concentration of 8.25 ppm, pH 3.25, catalyst loading of 0.36 g/L and 12.56 W UV-light irradiation after 120 min. Physical and chemical properties of materials were investigated by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) and UV–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) method. The experimental data were best fitted by a Langmuir-Hinshelwood approach photo-catalysis developed kinetic reaction rate in the form of $- r = 0.2797\, {I^{0.5}}\, {[Cat.]^{0.5}}\, \, [Dye]{\text{ }}/\, \, \, 1 + 0.1079\, {[Dye]_0}\, + \, 0.4086\, {I^{0.5}}\, {[Cat.]^{0.5}}$.

Synthesis and Photocatalytic Properties of ZnO-Volcanics Composites

2013 ◽  
Vol 331 ◽  
pp. 497-502
Author(s):  
Ai Hua Wang ◽  
Ping Che ◽  
Jie Min Liu ◽  
Gui Hua Wang
Keyword(s):  
Calcination Temperature ◽  
Physical Adsorption ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Degradation Efficiency ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Photocatalytic Reactor ◽  
Decolorization Rate ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Average Grain Size

in this paper, nano-ZnO were synthesized via a sol-gel method, and ZnO-volcanics composites (ZVCs) were prepared via physical adsorption process. The morphology and structure of ZnO/ ZnO-volcanics composites (ZVCs) samples were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).BET surface areas of the catalysts were determined by N2 adsorption (BET). According the data of XRD, the average grain size of ZnO is 15.1 nm consistent with the result observed by TEM (16.3 nm). Photocatalytic performance of ZnO and ZVCs were carried out in sprinkling photocatalytic reactor, with methylene blue (MB) as pollutants model. Decolorization rate is select as the evaluation parameters for the degradation effect. The effect of catalyst dosage, MB initial concentration, calcination temperature and pH on the degradation efficiency have been investigated. The MB degradation efficiency was 99.2% when the concentration of MB, the ZVCs, the pH and the calcination temperature were 10 mg/L, 20 g/L, and 10.03, 500 oC respectively. In the catalysts recycle experiments, the decolorization rate of MB using ZVCs is 90.2% after utilization for six times, overwhelmingly higher than that of ZnO (22.6%), indicating immobilization is efficient.

Synthesis and Characterization of Lead Sulfide Nanostructures with Different Morphologies via Simple Hydrothermal Method

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 559-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaheh Esmaeili ◽  
Mohammad Sabet ◽  
Masoud Salavati-Niasari ◽  
Kamal Saberyan
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Product Size ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Hydrothermal Approach ◽  
Size And Morphology

AbstractPbS nanostructures were synthesized successfully via hydrothermal approach with a new precursor. The products were characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). The effect of different sulfur sources were investigated on product size and morphology.

Synthesis of CeO2/e-HTiNbO5 Nanocomposite and Its Application for Photocatalytic Oxidation Desulfurization

NANO ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (02) ◽  
pp. 1650018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanjiao Zhang ◽  
Ningning Wang ◽  
Jie He ◽  
Liangguo Da ◽  
Zhong Li
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Photocatalytic Oxidation ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Light Irradiation ◽  
Laser Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Natural Light ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Laser Raman ◽  
Transmission Electron

Nanoscaled CeO2/e-HTiNbO5 composite was assembled by a facile process using colloidal TiNbO[Formula: see text] (e-HTiNbO5) nanosheet and CeO2 colloid as precursors at room temperature. The nanosheet e-HTiNbO5 was obtained through proton-exchange and exfoliation process from its parent KTiNbO5. The microstructures and properties of the as-prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Laser Raman spectroscopy (LRS), and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-vis DRS), etc. The photocatalytic activity of the obtained nanocomposite is evaluated by the adsorption and photocatalytic oxidation of ethyl mercaptan (EM) under natural light irradiation. The results show that CeO2 nanoparticles are dispersed uniformly on the surface of e-HTiNbO5 and the layered structure of e-HTiNbO5 nanosheet maintains integrity. The interaction between dispersed CeO2 particles and e-HTiNbO5 results in lower bandgap compared to its precursors, and the photocatalytic activity of CeO2/e-HTiNbO5 are enhanced under natural light irradiation.

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