Calcium Signaling in Plant Programmed Cell Death

Programmed cell death (PCD) is a process intended for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis by eliminating old, damaged, or unwanted cells. In plants, PCD takes place during developmental processes and in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. In contrast to the field of animal studies, PCD is not well understood in plants. Calcium (Ca2+) is a universal cell signaling entity and regulates numerous physiological activities across all the kingdoms of life. The cytosolic increase in Ca2+ is a prerequisite for the induction of PCD in plants. Although over the past years, we have witnessed significant progress in understanding the role of Ca2+ in the regulation of PCD, it is still unclear how the upstream stress perception leads to the Ca2+ elevation and how the signal is further propagated to result in the onset of PCD. In this review article, we discuss recent advancements in the field, and compare the role of Ca2+ signaling in PCD in biotic and abiotic stresses. Moreover, we discuss the upstream and downstream components of Ca2+ signaling and its crosstalk with other signaling pathways in PCD. The review is expected to provide new insights into the role of Ca2+ signaling in PCD and to identify gaps for future research efforts.

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Inhibition of cathepsin B by caspase-3 inhibitors blocks programmed cell death in Arabidopsis

Cell Death and Differentiation ◽

10.1038/cdd.2016.34 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 23 (9) ◽

pp. 1493-1501 ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

Y Ge ◽

Y-M Cai ◽

L Bonneau ◽

V Rotari ◽

A Danon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Death ◽

Programmed Cell Death ◽

Enzymatic Activity ◽

Cathepsin B ◽

Caspase 3 ◽

Animal Cells ◽

Biotic And Abiotic Stresses ◽

Triple Mutant ◽

Mutant Lines

Abstract Programmed cell death (PCD) is used by plants for development and survival to biotic and abiotic stresses. The role of caspases in PCD is well established in animal cells. Over the past 15 years, the importance of caspase-3-like enzymatic activity for plant PCD completion has been widely documented despite the absence of caspase orthologues. In particular, caspase-3 inhibitors blocked nearly all plant PCD tested. Here, we affinity-purified a plant caspase-3-like activity using a biotin-labelled caspase-3 inhibitor and identified Arabidopsis thaliana cathepsin B3 (AtCathB3) by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Consistent with this, recombinant AtCathB3 was found to have caspase-3-like activity and to be inhibited by caspase-3 inhibitors. AtCathepsin B triple-mutant lines showed reduced caspase-3-like enzymatic activity and reduced labelling with activity-based caspase-3 probes. Importantly, AtCathepsin B triple mutants showed a strong reduction in the PCD induced by ultraviolet (UV), oxidative stress (H2O2, methyl viologen) or endoplasmic reticulum stress. Our observations contribute to explain why caspase-3 inhibitors inhibit plant PCD and provide new tools to further plant PCD research. The fact that cathepsin B does regulate PCD in both animal and plant cells suggests that this protease may be part of an ancestral PCD pathway pre-existing the plant/animal divergence that needs further characterisation.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of New Arabidopsis thaliana cytochrome c partners: a look into the elusive role of cytochrome c in programmed cell death in plants.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.718104360.793488383 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Daniel Gallie

Keyword(s):

Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽

Cell Death ◽

Cytochrome C ◽

Programmed Cell Death

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The role of programmed cell death ligand-1/ programmed cell death-1 (PD-L1/PD-1) in HPV-induced cervical cancer and potential for their use in blockade therapy

Current Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/0929867327666200128105459 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lifang Zhang ◽

Yu Zhao ◽

Quanmei Tu ◽

Xiangyang Xue ◽

Xueqiong Zhu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Cell Death ◽

Programmed Cell Death ◽

Immune Escape ◽

Hypoxia Inducible Factor ◽

Hpv Infection ◽

Advanced Cervical Cancer ◽

Cervical Carcinogenesis ◽

Programmed Cell Death 1

Background: Cervical cancer induced by infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) remains a leading cause of mortality for women worldwide although preventive vaccines and early diagnosis have reduced morbidity and mortality. Advanced cervical cancer can only be treated with either chemotherapy or radiotherapy but outcomes are poor. The median survival for advanced cervical cancer patients is only 16.8 months. Methods: We undertook a structural search of peer-reviewed published studies based on 1). Characteristics of programmed cell death ligand-1/programmed cell death-1(PD-L1/PD-1) expression in cervical cancer and upstream regulatory signals of PD-L1/PD-1 expression, 2). The role of the PD-L1/PD-1 axis in cervical carcinogenesis induced by HPV infection and 3). Whether the PD-L1/PD-1 axis has emerged as a potential target for cervical cancer therapies. Results: One hundred and twenty-six published papers were included in the review, demonstrating that expression of PD-L1/PD-1 is associated with HPV-caused cancer, especially with HPV 16 and 18 which account for approximately 70% of cervical cancer cases. HPV E5/E6/E7 oncogenes activate multiple signaling pathways including PI3K/AKT, MAPK, hypoxia-inducible factor 1α, STAT3/NF-kB and MicroRNAs, which regulate PD-L1/PD-1 axis to promote HPV-induced cervical carcinogenesis. The PD-L1/PD-1 axis plays a crucial role in immune escape of cervical cancer through inhibition of host immune response. creating an "immune-privileged" site for initial viral infection and subsequent adaptive immune resistance, which provides a rationale for therapeutic blockade of this axis in HPV-positive cancers. Currently, Phase I/II clinical trials evaluating the effects of PD-L1/PD-1 targeted therapies are in progress for cervical carcinoma, which provide an important opportunity for the application of anti-PD-L1/anti-PD-1 antibodies in cervical cancer treatment. Conclusion: Recent research developments have led to an entirely new class of drugs using antibodies against the PD-L1/PD-1 thus promoting the body’s immune system to fight the cancer. The expression and roles of the PD-L1/ PD-1 axis in the progression of cervical cancer provide great potential for using PD-L1/PD-1 antibodies as a targeted cancer therapy.

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Ozone-Induced Cell Death in Tobacco Cultivar Bel W3 Plants. The Role of Programmed Cell Death in Lesion Formation

PLANT PHYSIOLOGY ◽

10.1104/pp.103.026591 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 133 (3) ◽

pp. 1122-1134 ◽

Cited By ~ 123

Author(s):

Stefania Pasqualini ◽

Claudia Piccioni ◽

Lara Reale ◽

Luisa Ederli ◽

Guido Della Torre ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Death ◽

Programmed Cell Death ◽

Lesion Formation ◽

Tobacco Cultivar

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An R2R3-type myeloblastosis transcription factor MYB103 is involved in phosphorus remobilization

Food Production, Processing and Nutrition ◽

10.1186/s43014-020-00038-6 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Fangwei Yu ◽

Shenyun Wang ◽

Wei Zhang ◽

Hong Wang ◽

Li Yu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Wall ◽

Transcription Factor ◽

Abiotic Stresses ◽

Myb Transcription Factor ◽

Ethylene Signaling ◽

Biotic And Abiotic Stresses ◽

P Deficiency ◽

P Concentration ◽

Increased Sensitivity

Abstract The members of myeloblastosis transcription factor (MYB TF) family are involved in the regulation of biotic and abiotic stresses in plants. However, the role of MYB TF in phosphorus remobilization remains largely unexplored. In the present study, we show that an R2R3 type MYB transcription factor, MYB103, is involved in phosphorus (P) remobilization. MYB103 was remarkably induced by P deficiency in cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.). As cabbage lacks the proper mutant for elucidating the mechanism of MYB103 in P deficiency, another member of the crucifer family, Arabidopsis thaliana was chosen for further study. The transcript of its homologue AtMYB103 was also elevated in response to P deficiency in A. thaliana, while disruption of AtMYB103 (myb103) exhibited increased sensitivity to P deficiency, accompanied with decreased tissue biomass and soluble P concentration. Furthermore, AtMYB103 was involved in the P reutilization from cell wall, as less P was released from the cell wall in myb103 than in wildtype, coinciding with the reduction of ethylene production. Taken together, our results uncover an important role of MYB103 in the P remobilization, presumably through ethylene signaling.

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Potential applications of biogenic selenium nanoparticles in alleviating biotic and abiotic stresses in plants: A comprehensive insight on the mechanistic approach and future perspectives

Green Processing and Synthesis ◽

10.1515/gps-2021-0047 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 456-475

Author(s):

Efat Zohra ◽

Muhammad Ikram ◽

Ahmad A. Omar ◽

Mujahid Hussain ◽

Seema Hassan Satti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Abiotic Stresses ◽

Crop Production ◽

Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽

Selenium Nanoparticles ◽

Future Research ◽

Biotic And Abiotic Stresses ◽

Biotic Stresses ◽

Agriculture Sector ◽

Developmental Growth ◽

Potential Applications

Abstract In the present era, due to the increasing incidence of environmental stresses worldwide, the developmental growth and production of agriculture crops may be restrained. Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have precedence over other nanoparticles because of the significant role of selenium in activating the defense system of plants. In addition to beneficial microorganisms, the use of biogenic SeNPs is known as an environmentally friendly and ecologically biocompatible approach to enhance crop production by alleviating biotic and abiotic stresses. This review provides the latest development in the green synthesis of SeNPs by using the results of plant secondary metabolites in the biogenesis of nanoparticles of different shapes and sizes with unique morphologies. Unfortunately, green synthesized SeNPs failed to achieve significant attention in the agriculture sector. However, research studies were performed to explore the application potential of plant-based SeNPs in alleviating drought, salinity, heavy metal, heat stresses, and bacterial and fungal diseases in plants. This review also explains the mechanistic actions that the biogenic SeNPs acquire to alleviate biotic and abiotic stresses in plants. In this review article, the future research that needs to use plant-mediated SeNPs under the conditions of abiotic and biotic stresses are also highlighted.

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Tocopherols and Tocotrienols—Bioactive Dietary Compounds; What Is Certain, What Is Doubt?

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22126222 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (12) ◽

pp. 6222

Author(s):

Kacper Szewczyk ◽

Aleksandra Chojnacka ◽

Magdalena Górnicka

Keyword(s):

Vitamin E ◽

Metabolic Disorders ◽

Tissue Concentration ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Biological Role ◽

Future Research ◽

The Past ◽

The Subject ◽

The Relationship

Tocopherols and tocotrienols are natural compounds of plant origin, available in the nature. They are supplied in various amounts in a diet, mainly from vegetable oils, some oilseeds, and nuts. The main forms in the diet are α- and γ-tocopherol, due to the highest content in food products. Nevertheless, α-tocopherol is the main form of vitamin E with the highest tissue concentration. The α- forms of both tocopherols and tocotrienols are considered as the most metabolically active. Currently, research results indicate also a greater antioxidant potential of tocotrienols than tocopherols. Moreover, the biological role of vitamin E metabolites have received increasing interest. The aim of this review is to update the knowledge of tocopherol and tocotrienol bioactivity, with a particular focus on their bioavailability, distribution, and metabolism determinants in humans. Almost one hundred years after the start of research on α-tocopherol, its biological properties are still under investigation. For several decades, researchers’ interest in the biological importance of other forms of vitamin E has also been growing. Some of the functions, for instance the antioxidant functions of α- and γ-tocopherols, have been confirmed in humans, while others, such as the relationship with metabolic disorders, are still under investigation. Some studies, which analyzed the biological role and mechanisms of tocopherols and tocotrienols over the past few years described new and even unexpected cellular and molecular properties that will be the subject of future research.

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