scholarly journals Controlled Growth Factor Delivery and Cyclic Stretch Induces a Smooth Muscle Cell-Like Phenotype in Adipose-Derived Stem Cells

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 3123
Author(s):  
Brandan Walters ◽  
Paul A. Turner ◽  
Bernd Rolauffs ◽  
Melanie L. Hart ◽  
Jan P. Stegemann
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Sustained Release ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cell ◽  
Cell Morphology ◽  
Cyclic Stretch ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Growth Factor Delivery

Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) are an abundant and easily accessible multipotent stem cell source with potential application in smooth muscle regeneration strategies. In 3D collagen hydrogels, we investigated whether sustained release of growth factors (GF) PDGF-AB and TGF-β1 from GF-loaded microspheres could induce a smooth muscle cell (SMC) phenotype in ASCs, and if the addition of uniaxial cyclic stretch could enhance the differentiation level. This study demonstrated that the combination of cyclic stretch and GF release over time from loaded microspheres potentiated the differentiation of ASCs, as quantified by protein expression of early to late SMC differentiation markers (SMA, TGLN and smooth muscle MHC). The delivery of GFs via microspheres produced large ASCs with a spindle-shaped, elongated SMC-like morphology. Cyclic strain produced the largest, longest, and most spindle-shaped cells regardless of the presence or absence of growth factors or the growth factor delivery method. Protein expression and cell morphology data confirmed that the sustained release of GFs from GF-loaded microspheres can be used to promote the differentiation of ASCs into SMCs and that the addition of uniaxial cyclic stretch significantly enhances the differentiation level, as quantified by intermediate and late SMC markers and a SMC-like elongated cell morphology.

scholarly journals Maintenance of a Schwann-Like Phenotype in Differentiated Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Requires the Synergistic Action of Multiple Growth Factors

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice E. Mortimer ◽  
Alessandro Faroni ◽  
Mahmut A. Kilic ◽  
Adam J. Reid
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Medium ◽  
Cell Morphology ◽  
Synergistic Action ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Glial Growth Factor ◽  
Stimulating Factor

Differentiating human adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) towards Schwann cells produces an unstable phenotype when stimulating factors are withdrawn. Here, we set out to examine the role of glial growth factor 2 (GGF-2) in the maintenance of Schwann-like cells. Following ASC differentiation to Schwann-like cells, stimulating factors were withdrawn such that cells either remained in media supplemented with all stimulating factors, GGF-2 alone, or underwent complete withdrawal of all factors. Furthermore, each stimulating factor was also removed from the growth medium individually. At 72 hours, gene (qRT-PCR) and protein (ELISA) expression of key Schwann cell factors were quantified and cell morphology was analysed. Cells treated with GGF-2 alone reverted to a stem cell morphology and did not stimulate the production of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), regardless of the concentration of GGF-2 in the growth medium. However, GGF-2 alone increased the expression of Krox20, the main transcription factor involved in myelination, relative to those cells treated with all stimulating factors. Cells lacking fibroblast growth factor were unable to maintain a Schwann-like morphology, and those lacking forskolin exhibited a downregulation in BDNF production. Therefore, it is likely that the synergistic action of multiple growth factors is required to maintain Schwann-like phenotype in differentiated ASCs.

Effects of smooth muscle cell derived growth factor (SDGF) in combination with other growth factors on smooth muscle cells

1989 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuhiro Morisaki ◽  
Noriyuki Koyama ◽  
Seijiro Mori ◽  
Tetsuto Kanzaki ◽  
Tomoko Koshikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cell ◽  
Muscle Cell ◽  
Muscle Cells

scholarly journals Ether-linked diglycerides inhibit vascular smooth muscle cell growth via decreased MAPK and PI3K/Akt signaling

2008 ◽  
Vol 295 (4) ◽  
pp. H1657-H1668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristy L. Houck ◽  
Todd E. Fox ◽  
Lakshman Sandirasegarane ◽  
Mark Kester
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Cell Growth ◽  
Vascular Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cell ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Muscle Cell ◽  
Akt Signaling ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cell Growth

Diglycerides (DGs) are phospholipid-derived second messengers that regulate PKC-dependent signaling pathways. Distinct species of DGs are generated from inflammatory cytokines and growth factors. Growth factors increase diacyl- but not ether-linked DG species, whereas inflammatory cytokines predominately generate alkyl, acyl- and alkenyl, acyl-linked DG species in rat mesenchymal cells. These DG species have been shown to differentially regulate protein kinase C (PKC) isotypes. Ester-linked diacylglycerols activate PKC-ε and cellular proliferation in contrast to ether-linked DGs, which lead to growth arrest through the inactivation of PKC-ε. It is now hypothesized that ether-linked DGs inhibit mitogenesis through the inactivation of ERK and/or Akt signaling cascades. We demonstrate that cell-permeable ether-linked DGs reduce vascular smooth muscle cell growth by inhibiting platelet-derived growth factor-stimulated ERK in a PKC-ε-dependent manner. This inhibition is specific to the ERK pathway, since ether-linked DGs do not affect growth factor-induced activation of other family members of the MAPKs, including p38 MAPK and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinases. We also demonstrate that ether-linked DGs reduce prosurvival phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling, independent of PKC-ε, by diminishing an interaction between the subunits of PI3K and not by affecting protein phosphatase 2A or lipid (phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted in chromosome 10) phosphatases. Taken together, our studies identify ether-linked DGs as potential adjuvant therapies to limit vascular smooth muscle migration and mitogenesis in atherosclerotic and restenotic models.

scholarly journals Ultrahigh protein adsorption capacity and sustained release of nanocomposite scaffolds: implication for growth factor delivery systems

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (27) ◽  
pp. 16453-16459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji-Young Yoon ◽  
Jung-Ju Kim ◽  
Ahmed El-Fiqi ◽  
Jun-Hyeog Jang ◽  
Hae-Won Kim
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Sustained Release ◽  
Protein Adsorption ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Growth Factor Delivery ◽  
Load Growth ◽  
Nanocomposite Scaffolds

Nanocomposite scaffolds that can load growth factors effectively and release them sustainably are developed for the regeneration of tissues.

scholarly journals Cardiac regeneration by pharmacologically active microcarriers releasing growth factors and/or transporting adipose-derived stem cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Monia Savi ◽  
Leonardo Bocchi ◽  
Emanuela Fiumana ◽  
Caterina Frati ◽  
Francesca Bonafé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Cardiac Mechanics ◽  
Cardiac Regeneration ◽  
Physical Interaction ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Old Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Pharmacologically Active ◽  
Hepatocyte Growth

We tested the hypothesis that cardiac regeneration through local delivery of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs), activation of resident cardiac stem cells via growth factors (GFs) [hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1):GFs] or both, are improved by pharmacologically active microcarriers (PAMs) interacting with cells/molecules conveyed on their surface. Rats with one-month old myocardial infarction were treated with ASCs, ASCs+PAMs, GF-releasing PAMs, ASCs+GF-releasing PAMs or vehicle. Two weeks later, hemodynamic function and inducibility of ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) were assessed. Eventually, the hearts were subjected to anatomical and immunohistochemical analyses. A significant ASCs engraftment and the largest improvement in cardiac mechanics occurred in ASC+GF-releasing PAM rats which by contrast were more vulnerable to VAs. Thus, PAMs may improve cell/GF-based cardiac regeneration although caution should be paid on the electrophysiological impact of their physical interaction with the myocardium.

Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Improve the Aging Skin of Nude Mice by Promoting Angiogenesis and Reducing Local Tissue Water

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Qin ◽  
Wenchao Zhang ◽  
Mingzi Zhang ◽  
Xiao Long ◽  
Loubin Si ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Nude Mice ◽  
Blood Perfusion ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Angiogenic Growth Factors ◽  
Tissue Water ◽  
Skin Rejuvenation ◽  
Aging Skin

AbstractBackgroundAdipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) are considered promising cells for skin rejuvenation. However, whether the angiogenetic effect of ASCs plays an important role in the treatment of aging skin and its influence on skin tissue remain elusive.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ASCs on angiogenesis and local tissue water (LTW) in the aging skin of nude mice.MethodsTwelve nude mice were randomly divided into a UVB-induced photoaging group and a natural aging group. After the mouse model had been established, ASCs and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) were then each injected into different sides of the dorsal skin of the mice. Blood perfusion and LTW content were measured. After 7 weeks, mice were killed, and skin samples were collected to measure the thickness of the dermis, the density of the capillaries, and the expression of angiogenic growth factors.ResultsASC therapy significantly increased the thickness of the dermis, the number of capillaries, and the expression of some angiogenic growth factors (vascular endothelial growth factor, insulin-like growth factor 1, and epidermal growth factor). At 7 weeks after injection, blood perfusion was significantly higher on the side injected with ASCs than on the side injected with PBS. LTW content was increased in the PBS-injected side, but the ASC-injected side showed no significant changes over time.ConclusionsASCs increased dermal thickness, promoted angiogenesis, and reduced LTW content in the skin of photoaging mice, providing a potential clinical therapy for skin rejuvenation.

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