scholarly journals Approach to the Connection between Meconium Consistency and Adverse Neonatal Outcomes: A Retrospective Clinical Review and Prospective In Vitro Study

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1082
Author(s):  
Hueng-Chuen Fan ◽  
Fung-Wei Chang ◽  
Ying-Ru Pan ◽  
Szu-I Yu ◽  
Kuang-Hsi Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Neonatal Morbidity ◽  
Fetal Distress ◽  
Fibroblast Cell ◽  
Meconium Aspiration Syndrome ◽  
Meconium Aspiration ◽  
Adverse Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
Significant Release ◽  
Poor Outcomes

Whether meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) serves as an indicator of fetal distress is under debate; however, the presence of MSAF concerns both obstetricians and pediatricians because meconium aspiration is a major contributor to neonatal morbidity and mortality, even with appropriate treatment. The present study suggested that thick meconium in infants might be associated with poor outcomes compared with thin meconium based on chart reviews. In addition, cell survival assays following the incubation of various meconium concentrations with monolayers of human epithelial and embryonic lung fibroblast cell lines were consistent with the results obtained from chart reviews. Exposure to meconium resulted in the significant release of nitrite from A549 and HEL299 cells. Medicinal agents, including dexamethasone, L-Nω-nitro-arginine methylester (L-NAME), and NS-398 significantly reduced the meconium-induced release of nitrite. These results support the hypothesis that thick meconium is a risk factor for neonates who require resuscitation, and inflammation appears to serve as the primary mechanism for meconium-associated lung injury. A better understanding of the relationship between nitrite and inflammation could result in the development of promising treatments for meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS).

scholarly journals The Effects of Different Types of Steroids on Clinical Outcomes in Neonates with Meconium Aspiration Syndrome: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and GRADE Assessment

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 1281
Author(s):  
Nanthida Phattraprayoon ◽  
Teerapat Ungtrakul ◽  
Wimonchat Tangamornsuksan
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Pulmonary Inflammation ◽  
Neonatal Morbidity ◽  
Meconium Aspiration Syndrome ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Oxygen Requirement ◽  
Meconium Aspiration ◽  
Relative Risks

Background and Objectives: Meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) is a condition caused by the aspiration of meconium-stainted amniotic fluid into the lungs, resulting in pulmonary inflammation, neonatal morbidity, and mortality. It is important that these MAS infants receive appropriate care to avoid further complications. Steroids have an anti-inflammatory effect and may be effective in the management of MAS. The objective of the this study was to evaluate the effect of different steroids on clinical outcomes in infants with MAS. Materials and Methods: We systematically searched of PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Embase, Clinical Trials.gov, and Cochrane Library databases from inception to 24 January 2021 without language restriction. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effects of steroids in neonates with MAS were included. We calculated relative risks and weighted mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using a random-effects model to determine the associations between MAS and steroids and GRADE approach was employed for quality of evidence. The main outcomes measures were duration of respiratory distress, oxygen requirement, hospitalization, need for mechanical ventilation, death, and adverse drug reactions. Results: Seven RCTs involving 397 patients were analyzed. Nebulized budesonide and intravenous (IV) methylprednisolone shortened the duration of respiratory distress (MD, −2.46 days; 95% CI, −3.09 to −1.83 and MD, −3.30 days; 95% CI, −4.07 to −2.52, respectively) (moderate certainty). There was a reduction in duration of oxygen requirement in nebulized budesonide use (MD, −2.40 days; 95% CI, −3.40 to −1.40) (low certainty) and IV methylprednisolone use (MD, −3.30 days; 95% CI, −4.07 to −2.52) (moderate certainty). Nebulized budesonide shortened hospitalization stay (MD, −4.47 days; 95% CI, −8.64 to −0.30 days) (low certainty) as IV methylprednisolone use (MD, −7.23 days; 95% CI, −8.19 to −6.07 days) (moderate certainty). None of steroids benefits in death (low certainty). Conclusions: Certain types of steroids may benefit the respiratory aspect, but there was no decrease in mortality in MAS infants.

scholarly journals In Vitro Action of Meconium on Bronochomotor Tonus of Newborns with Meconium Aspiration Syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 992-996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arsim Haliti ◽  
Lirim Mustafa ◽  
Sadi Bexheti ◽  
Drita Islami ◽  
Adnan Bozalija ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Analysis ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Meconium Aspiration Syndrome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Meconium Aspiration ◽  
Smooth Musculature ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Tracheobronchial System

AIM: Here we studied the role of meconium in the respiratory system on live and exited newborns (weight 250-3000 g). Throughout this study is followed the response of tracheal rings in acetylcholine and histamine in different molar concentrations (10-1, 10-2, 10-3, 10-4 mol/dm3).METHODS: To study the smooth tracheal musculature we used 23 tracheal preparations obtained from the newborns exited from meconium aspiration.RESULTS: Based on the functional analysis of the tracheal specimen we have concluded that the meconium aspiration did not change the smooth musculature response on acetylcholine and histamine when compared to control group, exited from lung inflammatory processes (e.g., pneumonia, bronchopneumonia, atelectasis, cerebral hemorrhage), where tracheal smooth musculature response is significant (P for other causes is not significant (P > 0.01).CONCLUSION: The conclusions suggest that meconium did not potentiate the constrictor action of acetylcholine and histamine in the tracheobronchial system and did not cause modulation of bronchomotor tonus in case of his aspiration. Meconium causes mild relaxation of smooth tracheal musculature with a mechanism which is not mediated by cyclooxygenase products, from tracheal epithelium or proteins. Also, direct activity in the smooth musculature of several tested acids seems to have no significant impact in increasing the tonus of respiratory airway of smooth tracheal musculature.

scholarly journals Meconium Stained Amniotic Fluid – A Potential Predictor Of Meconium Aspiration Syndrome

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Swain ◽  
A Thapalial
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Apgar Score ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Neonatal Morbidity ◽  
Meconium Aspiration Syndrome ◽  
Meconium Aspiration ◽  
Prolonged Labour ◽  
Meconium Stained Amniotic Fluid

Objective: To identify potential predictors of Meconium Aspiration Syndrome (MAS) in pregnancies complicated by meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) & to review the incidence, morbidity and mortality of Meconium Aspiration Syndrome (MAS). Methods: In the period of 2003 to 2006,175 pregnancies with thick meconium-stained AF were delivered; of these, 15 neonates developed MAS and 160 did not. The two groups were compared retrospectively according to maternal findings, pregnancy outcome, and neonatal complications, using univariate analysis (P < 0.05 considered significant) and stepwise multiple logistic regression analysis to identify independent significant factors for prediction of MAS. Results: Incidence of MSAF was 13.97% and that of MAS was 8.57%. All deliveries associated with thick MSAF had developed MAS. 40% mothers were associated with PROM & prolonged labour. Most common & significant risk factors associated with MAS were increased gestational age, increased cesarean section (LSCS) & low Apgar scores at 1 minute and 5 minute. Mortality rate was 6.66% & mechanical ventilation was used in only 1(6.66%) case. Conclusion: MAS are associated with higher incidence of LSCS, lower 1 minute & 5 minute Apgar score & higher gestational weeks. 40% mothers were associated with PROM & prolonged labour. The neonatal morbidity & mortality is significantly more frequent in relation to thick meconium stained amniotic fluid. Specific delivery room resuscitation procedure, early diagnosis & proper management can prevent development of MAS as well as morbidity & mortality. Key words: Meconium Stained Amniotic Fluid, Meconium Aspiration Syndrome and Apgar Score.   DOI = 10.3126/jnps.v28i1.1397 J. Nepal Paediatr. Soc. Vol.28(1) p.3-6

scholarly journals Effects of Current Provisional Restoration Materials on the Viability of Fibroblasts

2009 ◽  
Vol 03 (02) ◽  
pp. 114-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Ulker ◽  
H. Esra Ulker ◽  
Mustafa Zortuk ◽  
Mehmet Bulbul ◽  
Ali Riza Tuncdemir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calf Serum ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Fibroblast Cell ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mitochondrial Activity ◽  
Fibroblast Cells ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Provisional Restoration

ABSTRACTObjectives: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of three different provisional restoration materials on fibroblasts. Two bis-acrylic based [Tempofit Duomix (Detax), Protemp 3 Garant (3M ESPE)] and one urethan dimethacrylate [Revotek LC (GC Corporation)] based provisional restoration materials used.Methods: Materials were prepared according to the manufacturers’ instructions in standard teflon disks (2×5mm) and four samples were extracted in 7 ml of Basal Medium Eagle with 10% new born calf serum and 100 mg/ml penicillin/streptomycin for 24 hours. The L929 fibroblast cells were plate (25.000 cells/ml) in well plates, and maintained in a CO2 incubator at 37°C for 24h. After 24 hours, the incubation medium was replaced by the immersed medium in which the samples were stored and the L929 fibroblasts were incubated in contact with eluates for 24 hours at 37°C for 24h. The fibroblast cell viability was analyzed by measuring the mitochondrial activity with the methyltetrazolium test (MTT). Twelve well used for each specimen and experiment repeated for two times. The data was statistically analyzed by Mann-Whitney U tests.Results: The results showed that, Revotek LC and Protemp 3 Garant were not cytotoxic for fibroblast cells when compared to control group (P>.05). However, Tempofit duomix was cytotoxic for L929 fibroblasts when compared to control group and other tested materials (P%.05).Conclusions: Taking into consideration the limitations of an in vitro study, our study indicate that provisional restoration materials might have cytotoxic effects on fibroblasts and should be selected carefully for clinical applications. (Eur J Dent 2009;3:114-119)

scholarly journals Maternal and fetal outcome in post term pregnancy

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 2897
Author(s):  
Vandana Verma ◽  
Vaibhav Kanti ◽  
Pragya Shree
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Distress ◽  
Fetal Outcome ◽  
Meconium Aspiration Syndrome ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Term Pregnancy ◽  
Meconium Aspiration ◽  
Neonatal Icu ◽  
Prolonged Pregnancy ◽  
Post Term Pregnancy

Background: The term delivery is defined as that occurring between 259 and 294 days of pregnancy from the last menstrual period. If the pregnancy exceeds this period, it is called as post term pregnancy. Our center is in rural area where most of the patients are unbooked or even booked patients are also loss of follow up. So, this study was done to know the incidence of prolonged pregnancy and maternal and fetal outcome in case of prolonged pregnancy in our rural population.Methods: This study was a retrospective observational study for 1 year, to analyze the maternal and fetal outcome of post term pregnancies. Data was collected from hospital record and analysed.Results: Out of 5210 total deliveries 1.49 % were beyond 42 wks. 57.69 % patients delivered vaginally whereas 42.3 % patients needed cesarean section.  6.41 % neonates developed meconium aspiration syndrome and 15.38 % of neonates needed NICU admission for different indications.Conclusions: This study concluded that prolonged pregnancy is associated with adverse outcomes like fetal distress, meconium aspiration syndrome and more neonatal ICU admissions. The outcome of prolonged pregnancy can be improved by proper counselling for follow up during pregnancy and proper monitoring and appropriate management during labour.

In Vitro Biocompatibility Study on Stainless Steel 316L After Nano Finishing

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathiresan Sundararaj ◽  
Mohan Bangaru
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Fibroblast Cell ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Stainless Steel 316L ◽  
In Vitro Biocompatibility ◽  
Magneto Rheological

In this present study, the nano finishing of stainless steel 316L (SS316L) was obtained by means of magneto rheological abrasive flow finishing (MRAFF) process by varying the amount of current to the electromagnet. The MRAFF process is an advanced machining process in which the metal removal process is effectively controlled by means of the rheological property of the magneto rheological abrasive (MRA) fluid. After the finishing process, the surface roughness profiles and parameter were obtained with the help of Talysurf coherence correlation interferometer (CCI). Stainless steel 316L sample surfaces obtained by means of MRAFF process with different nano roughness values are utilized to study its biocompatibility by an in vitro study to examine the cell viability, proliferation of a fibroblast cell line (NIH-3T3) by means of MTT assay. The optical density (OD) values were utilized to determine the amount of viable cells. The cell proliferations studies were conducted and observed for 1, 3 and 7 days of incubation period with respect to the absorbance value of the samples. The protein adsorption studies are also made by using bicinchoninic acid assay (BCA) kit. The characters of biocompatibility are correlated with the nano scale surface roughness parameters of the SS316L samples.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF SOURSOP (ANNONA MURICATA L.) ESSENTIAL OILS ON VIABILITY CELLS: AN IN-VITRO STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Friska Ani Rahman ◽  
Qotru Al Naday ◽  
Trianna Wahyu Utami
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Mtt Assay ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Fibroblast Cell ◽  
Purple Colour ◽  
Data Compilation ◽  
Leaf Oil

Background: Development of new preventive agents for dental caries is needed. One of the candidates for preventive agents from natural products is Soursop leaf. The present study aimed to determine the effect of Soursop leaf oil on the cultured epithelial and fibroblast cells.Methods: In this experimental study, Soursop leaf essential oils were provided, and their e?ect was discovered on epithelial and fibroblast cells line using MTT assay. The MTT assay was conducted to measure the activity of enzymes that reduce MTT and switch it to formazan dye creating a purple colour. Using a microplate reader, the optical density was measured at 550 nm and the absorbance value directly represented relative cell numbers.Results: Data compilation and analysis were done using one-way analysis of variance. Soursop leaf essential oils exhibited variable noxious e?ects on cultured cells. The present study shows that epithelial cell death was less than 30% at the concentration 2.5 �l/ml while the percentage of fibroblast cell death was less than 30% at smaller concentrations of 1.25 �l/ml. Through an increase in the concentration of Soursop leaf essential oils, the toxicity of these materials substantially increased (p<0.05)Conclusion: Soursop leaf essential oils at certain concentrations may cause epithelial and fibroblast cell death.

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