scholarly journals Endometrial Metaplastic/Reactive Changes Coexistent with Endometrial Hyperplasia and Carcinoma: A Morphological and Immunohistochemical Study

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Antonio Travaglino ◽  
Frediano Inzani ◽  
Angela Santoro ◽  
Damiano Arciuolo ◽  
Alessia Piermattei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Hyperplasia ◽  
Precancerous Lesions ◽  
Premalignant Lesions ◽  
Serous Carcinoma ◽  
Vimentin Expression ◽  
Ki67 Expression ◽  
Pten Loss ◽  
Nuclear Atypia ◽  
Reactive Changes ◽  
P16 Expression

The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between endometrial metaplastic/reactive changes (EMRCs) and endometrial neoplastic lesions. Twenty cases of “simple” (without architecture complexity) EMRCs coexistent with endometrial malignant/premalignant lesions, twenty cases of neoplasia-unassociated EMRCs, and eight cases of complex metaplastic lesions were assessed by immunohistochemistry. EMRCs coexisted with endometrioid carcinoma (n = 12), atypical endometrial hyperplasia (n = 3), serous carcinoma (n = 2), and clear cell carcinoma (n = 3). Neoplasia-associated EMRCs showed a mean Ki67 labeling index of 12.6% (range 0–30%); with nuclear atypia in 16/20 (80%) cases; diffuse p16 expression in 15/20 (75%) cases; and heterogeneous ER, PR, and vimentin expression. Compared to the associated neoplasia, EMRCs showed a lower Ki67 expression (p < 0.001) and higher p16 expression (p < 0.001). No EMRC case showed mitotic activity, PTEN loss, MMR deficiency, nuclear β-catenin, p53-mutant pattern, Napsin A, or AMACR expression. No significant differences were found between neoplasia-associated and neoplasia-unassociated EMRCs. Complex metaplastic lesions showed a lower Ki67 expression than EMRCs (p = 0.044) and PTEN loss in 5/8 cases, even in the absence of nuclear atypia. In conclusion, neoplasia-associated simple EMRCs may show evident atypia and a worrisome immunophenotype, but no data support their involvement in endometrial carcinogenesis. Architectural complexity appears as a crucial factor to identify precancerous lesions.

Cellular and molecular features of endometrial hyperplasia under the influence of industrial toxic factors

2020 ◽  
pp. 690-690
Author(s):  
I. O. Marinkin ◽  
E. S. Lisova ◽  
V. V. Evchenko
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Endometrial Hyperplasia ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Length Of Service ◽  
Ki67 Expression ◽  
Molecular Features ◽  
Reproductive Toxicants ◽  
Cd34 Expression ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

The features of biomechanisms of endometrial hyperplasia in subjects exposed to reproductive toxicants were inflammation and oxidative stress. An association of Ki67 expression with 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, length of service, CD34 expression with 8-isoprostane and both Ki67 and CD34 expression with transforming growth factor B1 and lead exposure established.

Assessment of Risk Scoring Model for Prediction of Endometrial Cancer Among Symptomatic Postmenopausal Women (A Prospective Cohort Study)

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdy M Abd Elgawaad ◽  
Amr M El Helaly ◽  
Malames M Faisal ◽  
Asmaa F Kasem
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Family History ◽  
Endometrial Carcinoma ◽  
Endometrial Hyperplasia ◽  
Endometrial Thickness ◽  
Serous Carcinoma ◽  
Scoring Model ◽  
Gynecological Malignancy ◽  
Risk Scoring ◽  
Study Population

Abstract Background Endometrial carcinoma is the most common gynecological malignancy in the developed countries and the third common gynecological malignancy in Egypt after breast and ovarian cancers. Aim of the Work to evaluate this risk scoring model on Egyptian patients and to study the effect of adding other patient characteristics (DM, BMI and relevant family history) on the sensitivity and specificity of RHEA scoring model. Patients and Methods The current study was conducted in Ain Shams University Maternity Hospital in the period between September 2017 and December 2018. A total of 100 women with postmenopausal bleeding and endometrial thickness &gt; 4mm were included in the study. Results Histological examination revealed that benign pathology (n = 65) (73%) was found to be: most common cause was endometrial hyperplasia without atypia (20.3%) followed by chronic endometritis (13.5%), then endometrial polyp (11.3%), cystic atrophy of endometrium (8.9%), proliferative endometrium (8.9%), endometrial hyperplasia with atypia (6.7%) and lastly mucous polyp (3.4%) while malignant histopathology(n = 24)(27%) which is significantly higher than the international rates showed: Endometriod adenocarcinoma (n = 19)(21.3%), papillary serous carcinoma (n = 4)(4.5%) and undifferentiated carcinoma (n = 1)(1.1%). The current study showed that RHEA score performs in our study population with a comparable validity to that reported by its inventors with sensitivity 79.2% (57.8% - 92.9%) vs. 87.5% and specificity 84.6% (73.5% - 92.4%) vs. 80.1% respectively. In results of the current study it was found that the time since onset of menopause rather than age was associated with endometrial cancer with the optimum cut-off for postmenopausal duration was estimated to be 9 years achieving a sensitivity of 87.5% and a specificity of 60.0%, but it needs multivariate analysis on larger and more representative sample size to confirm this association, A statistically significant regression model was including only postmenopausal duration, recurrent bleeding and endometrial thickness. None of age, BMI, family history or hypertension proved a statistically significant predictive effect after adjustment for other predictive variables. Conclusion Taking in consideration the higher prevalence of endometrial carcinoma in the sample of the current study, the wide 95% confidence intervals for the different validity indices for the RHEA scores derived from this study, it seems that RHEA score performs in this study population with a comparable validity to that reported by its inventors.

scholarly journals Integrative Transcriptome Analyses of the Human Fallopian Tube: Fimbria and Ampulla—Site of Origin of Serous Carcinoma of the Ovary

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1090
Author(s):  
Ramlogan Sowamber ◽  
Omar Nelson ◽  
Leah Dodds ◽  
Victoria DeCastro ◽  
Iru Paudel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Fallopian Tube ◽  
Precancerous Lesions ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Serous Carcinoma ◽  
Ovarian Cancer Risk ◽  
Transcriptional Responses ◽  
Human Fallopian Tube ◽  
Transcriptional Changes

Epithelial ovarian cancer represents a group of heterogeneous diseases with high grade serous cancer (HGSC) representing the most common histotype. Molecular profiles of precancerous lesions found in the fallopian tube have implicated this tissue as the presumptive site of origin of HGSC. Precancerous lesions are primarily found in the distal fallopian tube (fimbria), near the ovary relative to the proximal tissue (ampulla), nearer to the uterus. The proximity of the fimbria to the ovary and the link between ovulation, through follicular fluid release, and ovarian cancer risk led us to examine transcriptional responses of fallopian tube epithelia (FTE) at the different anatomical sites of the human fallopian tube. Gene expression profiles of matched FTE from the fimbria and from premenopausal women resulted in differentially expressed genes (DEGs): CYYR1, SALL1, FOXP2, TAAR1, AKR1C2/C3/C4, NMBR, ME1 and GSTA2. These genes are part of the antioxidant, stem and inflammation pathways. Comparisons between the luteal phase (post-ovulation) to the follicular phase (pre-ovulation) demonstrated greater differences in DEGs than a comparison between fimbria and fallopian tube anatomical differences alone. This data suggests that cyclical transcriptional changes experienced in pre-menopause are inherent physiological triggers that expose the FTE in the fimbria to cytotoxic stressors. These cyclical exposures induce transcriptional changes reflective of genotoxic and cytotoxic damage to the FTE in the fimbria which are closely related to transcriptional and genomic alterations observed in ovarian cancer.

Stromal p16 expression differentiates endometrial polyp from endometrial hyperplasia

2012 ◽  
Vol 461 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzuko Moritani ◽  
Shu Ichihara ◽  
Masaki Hasegawa ◽  
Akari Iwakoshi ◽  
Sakae Murakami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Hyperplasia ◽  
Endometrial Polyp ◽  
P16 Expression

Histological and molecular diversity and heterogeneity of precancerous lesions associated with inflammatory bowel diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (7) ◽  
pp. 391-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianyong Gui ◽  
Martin Köbel ◽  
Jose GP Ferraz ◽  
Marietta Iacucci ◽  
Subrata Ghosh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Precancerous Lesions ◽  
Morphological Type ◽  
Small Subset ◽  
Serrated Adenoma ◽  
Molecular Alteration ◽  
Mutant Type ◽  
Pten Loss ◽  
Mixed Features ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

AimsInflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-associated precancerous lesions may be adenomatous or non-adenomatous with various histomorphologies. We aim to validate the newly proposed classification, to explore the neoplastic nature of the non-adenomatous lesions and to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the different histomorphologies.Methods44 background precursor lesions identified in 53 cases of surgically resected IBD-associated colorectal and ileal carcinomas were reviewed for the histomorphological features (classified into adenomatous, mucinous, sessile serrated adenoma (SSA)-like, traditional serrated adenoma-like, differentiated, eosinophilic and serrated not otherwise specified (NOS)) and analysed for a key panel of colonic cancer-related molecular markers.ResultsApproximately 60% of the lesions were adenomatous, of which some had mixed serrated, mucinous or eosinophilic changes. The remaining non-adenomatous lesions, including all other types except SSA-like type, mostly showed mixed features and focal adenomatous dysplasia. KRAS mutation and p53 mutant-type expression were found in about half cases across all types, while PIK3CA mutation only in some of adenomatous and eosinophilic lesions and MLH1/PMS2 loss in a subset of adenomatous, mucinous and eosinophilic but not in differentiated and serrated lesions. SAT-B2 or PTEN loss and IMP3 overexpression were seen in a small subset of lesions. No BRAF, NRAS or EGFR gene mutation was detected in any type. Certain molecular-morphological correlations were demonstrated; however, no single or combined molecular alteration(s) was specific to any particular morphological type.ConclusionsIBD-associated precancerous lesions are heterogeneous both histologically and molecularly. True colitis-associated adenomatous lesions are unlikely conventional adenomas. Non-adenomatous lesions without frank cytologic dysplasia should also be regarded as neoplastic.

Clinical significance of aberrant vimentin expression in oral premalignant lesions and carcinomas

Oral Diseases ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 453-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
SS Sawant ◽  
MM Vaidya ◽  
DA Chaukar ◽  
H Alam ◽  
C Dmello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Premalignant Lesions ◽  
Vimentin Expression

PTEN-loss and nuclear atypia of EIN in endometrial biopsies can predict the existence of a concurrent endometrial carcinoma

2010 ◽  
Vol 119 (3) ◽  
pp. 516-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kitty Pavlakis ◽  
Irini Messini ◽  
Thomas Vrekoussis ◽  
Theodoros Panoskaltsis ◽  
Dimitris Chrissanthakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Carcinoma ◽  
Pten Loss ◽  
Nuclear Atypia

scholarly journals An Update on Precancerous Lesions of Oral Cavity

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepak Goyal ◽  
Pardeep Goyal ◽  
Harkanwal Preet Singh ◽  
Chanchal Verma
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Malignant Transformation ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Precancerous Lesions ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Premalignant Lesions ◽  
Timely Treatment

Oral cancer is the most common head and neck cancer, found in 270,000 patients annually worldwide. Some cancers develop from precancerous lesions; however, there is no definitive clinico pathological factor or biomarker that reliably enables malignant transformation to be predicted in an individual patient. Early detection and early treatment of oral cancer are important for improving the survival rate of patients; prevention of oral cancer will clearly contribute most to decreasing its death rate. So correct diagnosis and timely treatment of premalignant lesions with high risk of malignant transformation may help to prevent malignant transformation.

scholarly journals Eosinophilic endometrial metaplasia - case report and brief literature review on its immunohistochemical characteristics

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 512-514
Author(s):  
Barani Karikalan ◽  
Karthikesh Jayakumar ◽  
Srikumar Chakravarthi
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Endometrial Hyperplasia ◽  
Serous Carcinoma ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
Eosinophilic Cell ◽  
Endometrial Epithelial Cells ◽  
Epithelial Metaplasia

Endometrial epithelial metaplasia is described as transition of the normal endometrial epithelial cells by benign complex proliferation of cells. These metaplastic changes have been frequently reported as associated changes in endometrial hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma more than non-neoplastic samples and are also known to appear atypical occasionally, and hence can be a diagnostic challenge. Eosinophilic cell change is one of the most frequently encountered endometrial metaplasias. Eosinophilic syncytial change is a form of eosinophilic endometrial metaplasia, and is known to mimic endometrial serous carcinoma, again posing a diagnostic challenge. In this article, we have presented a case of endometrial eosinophilic metaplasia in a 47-year-old patient along with a brief discussion on immunohistochemical characteristics of eosinophilic syncytial change that could help pathologists to differentiate them from malignancies in challenging scenarios.

scholarly journals C-myc amplification in precancerous lesions of oral cavity and larynx

2003 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 117-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanja Ninkovic ◽  
Nasta Dedovic ◽  
Rade Kosanovic ◽  
Bogomir Dimitrijevic ◽  
Obrad Josipovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Transformation ◽  
Precancerous Lesions ◽  
Premalignant Lesions ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Neck Tumors ◽  
The Status ◽  
Probable Role ◽  
Transformation Potential ◽  
Chronic Laryngitis

Although myc genes are an important family of oncogenes involved in human carcinogenesis, data concerning its role in head and neck tumors are quite limited. Moreover, information regarding precancerous lesions is almost inexisting. In order to better understand mechanisms of progression of premalignant lesions into malignant and the possible role of c-myc amplification, the status of this oncogene was analyzed in two types of pathological changes known to possess malignant transformation potential oral leukoplakia and chronic laryngitis. In the first type of lesions a high percentage of c-myc activation (33%) was observed pointing to a probable role of myc in leukoplakia malignant transformation, while in the other type of lesion there were no signs of myc amplification.

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