scholarly journals FTIR Spectroscopy for Evaluation and Monitoring of Lipid Extraction Efficiency for Murine Liver Tissues Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Martina Moggio ◽  
Sonia Errico ◽  
Nadia Diano ◽  
Maria Lepore
Keyword(s):  
Ftir Spectroscopy ◽  
Extraction Efficiency ◽  
Lipid Extraction ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
The Past ◽  
Murine Liver ◽  
Wavenumber Region ◽  
Evaluation And Monitoring ◽  
Liver Tissues

Over the past several decades, growing research on lipids and lipidomic technologies have shown the important role played by lipids in many different situations. A powerful technique used for lipids detection and characterization in biological tissues is Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The main goal of the present work is to exploit FTIR spectroscopy as a tool for monitoring lipid extraction efficiency by evaluating three different lipid extraction methods in murine liver tissues. In particular, infrared spectra have been obtained in the 4000–600 cm−1 wavenumber region and the contributions of different functional groups have been evidenced. The ratio values estimated using the absorbance of selected bands related to different liver constituents have been used for a quantitative comparison of the efficiency of the different extraction methods.

scholarly journals FTIR Spectroscopy for Evaluation and Monitoring of Lipid Extraction Efficiency for Oleaginous Fungi

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. e0170611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin Forfang ◽  
Boris Zimmermann ◽  
Gergely Kosa ◽  
Achim Kohler ◽  
Volha Shapaval
Keyword(s):  
Ftir Spectroscopy ◽  
Extraction Efficiency ◽  
Lipid Extraction ◽  
Oleaginous Fungi ◽  
Evaluation And Monitoring

scholarly journals Advances in Lipid Extraction Methods—A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (24) ◽  
pp. 13643
Author(s):  
Ramesh Kumar Saini ◽  
Parchuri Prasad ◽  
Xiaomin Shang ◽  
Young-Soo Keum
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Analysis ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Lipid Extraction ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Green Solvents ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Environmentally Safe

Extraction of lipids from biological tissues is a crucial step in lipid analysis. The selection of appropriate solvent is the most critical factor in the efficient extraction of lipids. A mixture of polar (to disrupt the protein-lipid complexes) and nonpolar (to dissolve the neutral lipids) solvents are precisely selected to extract lipids efficiently. In addition, the disintegration of complex and rigid cell-wall of plants, fungi, and microalgal cells by various mechanical, chemical, and enzymatic treatments facilitate the solvent penetration and extraction of lipids. This review discusses the chloroform/methanol-based classical lipid extraction methods and modern modifications of these methods in terms of using healthy and environmentally safe solvents and rapid single-step extraction. At the same time, some adaptations were made to recover the specific lipids. In addition, the high throughput lipid extraction methodologies used for liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based plant and animal lipidomics were discussed. The advantages and disadvantages of various pretreatments and extraction methods were also illustrated. Moreover, the emerging green solvents-based lipid extraction method, including supercritical CO2 extraction (SCE), is also discussed.

The Application of Aqueous Two-phase System in the Extraction of Natural Products from Chinese Herbal Medicine: A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 704-720
Author(s):  
Cheng Xiang ◽  
Jie Chang ◽  
Ying Ying Yue ◽  
Ju Wang ◽  
Yan Fu
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Chinese Herbal Medicine ◽  
Extraction Efficiency ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Phase System ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Aqueous Two Phase System ◽  
The Past ◽  
Chinese Herbal

Background: In the past decades, Chinese herbal medicine has attracted worldwide attention because they contain a variety of active ingredients which are beneficial to human health. As a result, there is a growing interest in the extraction of these substances. However, traditional extraction methods not only need a large amount of extractant, but are also time-consuming, moreover, the extraction efficiency is extremely poor and tedious purification steps are required to purify the crude extract. Thus, researchers hope to find an alternative method for the extraction of these components and the aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) seems to be one. Objective: This review focuses on introducing the properties of the aqueous two-phase system and summarizing the application of ATPS in the extraction of natural products. Meanwhile, this review also provided a guideline to researchers who wish to design a suitable ATPS for a specific target and how to amplify it to industrial-scale.

Rapid Critical Point Drying of Tissues in a Parr Bomb

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 400-401
Author(s):  
C.A. Baechler ◽  
W. C. Pitchford ◽  
J. M. Riddle ◽  
C.B. Boyd ◽  
H. Kanagawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Point ◽  
Critical Pressure ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Critical Temperatures ◽  
Air Drying ◽  
The Past ◽  
Critical Point Drying ◽  
Great Stress ◽  
Infiltration Techniques

Preservation of the topographic ultrastructure of soft biological tissues for examination by scanning electron microscopy has been accomplished in the past by using lengthy epoxy infiltration techniques, or dehydration in ethanol or acetone followed by air drying. Since the former technique requires several days of preparation and the latter technique subjects the tissues to great stress during the phase change encountered during air-drying, an alternate rapid, economical, and reliable method of surface structure preservation was developed. Turnbill and Philpott had used a fluorocarbon for the critical point drying of soft tissues and indicated the advantages of working with fluids having both moderately low critical pressures as well as low critical temperatures. Freon-116 (duPont) which has a critical temperature of 19. 7 C and a critical pressure of 432 psi was used in this study.

Quantitative GC-FID and UHPLC-DAD Evaluation of Bioactive Compounds Extracted from Ginkgo biloba

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 893-904
Author(s):  
Alessandra von Ahn ◽  
João Henrique Z. dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Extraction Efficiency ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba Extract ◽  
Previous Method ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Ginkgolide B ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Ginkgolide A ◽  
Terpene Trilactones

Background: The official compendium of the quantification of ginkgo flavonoids from Ginkgo biloba extract has been proposed using HPLC. The drawbacks of this technique appear to be due to the restricted efficiency in terms of the recovery results and suitability of the system for the quantification of these compounds. This study investigated the potential advantages and limitations of the development of efficient extraction methods for the recovery of flavonol glycosides (quercetin, kaempferol and isorhamnetin) and terpene trilactones (bilobalide, ginkgolide A, ginkgolide B and ginkgolide C) using extraction, quantification and detection techniques, namely, GC-FID and UHPLC-DAD, which are alternatives to those techniques available in the literature. Methods: Two different extraction methodologies have been developed for the determination of flavonoids (quercetin, kaempferol and isorhamnetin) and terpene trilactones (bilobalide, ginkgolide A, ginkgolide B and ginkgolide C) using ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled to a diode array detector and gas chromatography coupled to a flame ionization detector. Results: In this study, the Ginkgo biloba extract mass, hydrolysis preparation method (with or without reflux), and volume of the extraction solution seemed to affect the ginkgo flavonoid recovery. The UHPLC-based method exhibited higher extraction efficiency for ginkgo flavonoid quantification compared to the pharmacopoeial method. The developed method exhibited higher extraction efficiency for terpene quantification compared to the previous method that used extractive solution without pH adjustment, with less time of extraction and less amount of the sample and organic solvent aliquots. Conclusion: The UHPLC and GC analysis methods established in this study are both effective and efficient. These methods may improve the quality control procedures for ginkgo extract and commercial products available in today´s natural health product market. The results indicate that redeveloped extraction methods can be a viable alternative to traditional extraction methods.

Comparison of extraction efficiency of various methods to extract L-DOPA from Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC.

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (04) ◽  
pp. 5343
Author(s):  
Ragni Vora ◽  
Ambika N. Joshi* ◽  
Nitesh C. Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Extraction Efficiency ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Mucuna Pruriens ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
Uv Detector ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Hplc Mobile Phase ◽  
Plant Sources ◽  
Seed Extracts

Mucuna pruriens seeds are noted to be a natural source of L-DOPA and are also used as a substitute for the synthetic L-DOPA. In the present study; attempts are made to develop suitable method(s) for extraction of L-DOPA from the powdered seeds of Mucuna pruriens using different solvents and conditions. The Seed powder was subjected to 7 different extraction methods and Method 1 was subjected to various solvent concentrations. Some methods used de-fatting procedure, either the method was cold maceration or in high temperature. Soxhlet extraction was also used in one of the extraction methods. All the extracts were analyzed using RP-HPLC. Mobile Phase used was Water: Methanol: AcetoNitrile (100:60:40) (v/v) containing 0.2% Triethylamine, pH = 3.3 and monitored at 280 nm with variable wavelength UV detector. The extraction was best with Methanol Water mixture in a cold maceration technique and overall gives good extraction efficiency of 13.36 % L-DOPA and id the best method giving highest extraction efficiency. The De-fatting method was the 2nd best methods giving approximately 8.8% L-DOPA and Method 5 viz, heat reflux method gives 8.7% L-DOPA making it the 3rd best method. There are not many studies done for optimization of extraction technique for L-DOPA despite an extensive work is reported for isolation, identification and pharmacological activities of L-DOPA from various plant sources. Keeping this in view, present investigation was done to study the extraction efficiency of various extraction methods of L-DOPA content in seed extracts of Mucuna pruriens and compare it.

scholarly journals Feature Extraction for Finger-Vein-Based Identity Recognition

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
George K. Sidiropoulos ◽  
Polixeni Kiratsa ◽  
Petros Chatzipetrou ◽  
George A. Papakostas
Keyword(s):  
Feature Extraction ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Identity Recognition ◽  
Learning Framework ◽  
Finger Vein ◽  
The Past ◽  
Biometric Systems ◽  
Vein Recognition ◽  
Finger Vein Recognition

This paper aims to provide a brief review of the feature extraction methods applied for finger vein recognition. The presented study is designed in a systematic way in order to bring light to the scientific interest for biometric systems based on finger vein biometric features. The analysis spans over a period of 13 years (from 2008 to 2020). The examined feature extraction algorithms are clustered into five categories and are presented in a qualitative manner by focusing mainly on the techniques applied to represent the features of the finger veins that uniquely prove a human’s identity. In addition, the case of non-handcrafted features learned in a deep learning framework is also examined. The conducted literature analysis revealed the increased interest in finger vein biometric systems as well as the high diversity of different feature extraction methods proposed over the past several years. However, last year this interest shifted to the application of Convolutional Neural Networks following the general trend of applying deep learning models in a range of disciplines. Finally, yet importantly, this work highlights the limitations of the existing feature extraction methods and describes the research actions needed to face the identified challenges.

An investigation of ultrasound effect on microalgal cell integrity and lipid extraction efficiency

2014 ◽  
Vol 152 ◽  
pp. 407-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulker D. Keris-Sen ◽  
Unal Sen ◽  
Gulfem Soydemir ◽  
Mirat D. Gurol
Keyword(s):  
Extraction Efficiency ◽  
Lipid Extraction ◽  
Cell Integrity ◽  
Ultrasound Effect

scholarly journals Physical Methods of Microalgal Biomass Pretreatment

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Piasecka ◽  
Izabela Krzemińska ◽  
Jerzy Tys
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Lipid Extraction ◽  
Physical Method ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Biomass Pretreatment ◽  
Microalgal Biomass ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Wet Biomass ◽  
Microwave Techniques

Abstract The prospect of depletion of natural energy resources on the Earth forces researchers to seek and explore new and alternative energy sources. Biomass is a composite resource that can be used in many ways leading to diversity of products. Therefore, microalgal biomass offers great potential. The main aim of this study is to find the best physical method of microalgal biomass pretreatment that guarantees efficient lipid extraction. These studies identifies biochemical composition of microalgal biomass as source for biodisel production. The influence of drying at different temperatures and lyophilization was investigated. In addition, wet and untreated biomass was examined. Cell disruption (sonication and microwave) techniques were used to improve lipid extraction from wet biomass. Additionally, two different extraction methods were carried out to select the best method of crude oil extraction. The results of this study show that wet biomass after sonication is the most suitable for extraction. The fatty acid composition of microalgal biomass includes linoleic acid (C18:2), palmitic acid (C16:0), oleic acid (C18:1), linolenic acid (C18:3), and stearic acid (C18:0), which play a key role in biodiesel production.

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