scholarly journals Economic Growth, Governance and Educational Sustainability: A VAR Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 343
Author(s):  
Michael Takudzwa Pasara
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Education Expenditure ◽  
Vector Autoregressive ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Per Capita

Quality educational institutions are strategic tools for accelerating the attainment of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). All the 17 SDGs are interlinked. For instance, quality education (SDG4) reduces poverty (SDG 1,2) and inequalities (SDG10) and stimulates good health and wellbeing (SDG3). The paper applied unorthodox theoretical postulations such as convergence models, intergovernmentalism, neofunctionalism and neorealism in explaining how functional (educational) institutions are a necessary enabling environment in accelerating the attainment of SDGs. Empirically, the paper identified unclear modus operandi, lack of political will, political instability, small and fragmented markets and economies with heterogeneous characteristics, and lack of standardization of product and procedures, among other factors, as constraints to sustainability in tertiary education. A Vector Autoregressive (VAR) model was employed using data from 51 Sub-Saharan countries. The three variables were gross domestic product per capita (GDPP), governance and tertiary education expenditure. Results indicated significant short-run unidirectional causality from gross domestic product per capita and tertiary education expenditure to governance, but joint short-run causality was not established. However, transmission effects across the three variables became significant as the number of years increased to ten years. The study recommends a holistic approach from policymakers in order to ensure sustainability in tertiary education due to interlinkages, with emphasis placed on direction of causality.

scholarly journals Empirical Analysis of House Price Bubble: A Case Study on Malaysia

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Fong Kean Yan ◽  
Yap Lya Keng ◽  
Kwek Kien Teng
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
House Prices ◽  
House Price ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Price Bubble ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Residential Properties ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
House Price Bubble

The main objective of this research is to investigate the relationship between house price with macroeconomics variables - Gross Domestic Product per capita, inflation rate, Base Lending Rate and amount of household loan disbursed for purchase of residential properties. We try to use these variables to examine if they could trigger a housing bubble to burst in Malaysia. Granger Causality results show that there is univariate relationship from house price to Gross Domestic Product per capita. Though house price and other macroeconomics variables do not Granger–cause each other in short run, but these variables are cointegrated in the long run, i.e. there is no evidence of house price bubble in Malaysia. We suggest that soaring house prices in Malaysia is being supported by the large inflow of foreign funds into the housing sector and the unresponsive supply of houses.

scholarly journals Determinants of National Saving in Four West African Countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ignatius Abasimi ◽  
Agbassou Y. A. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
West African ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Adf Test

Saving is one of the preeminent integral of economic growth. The desideratum of this study is to investigate the determinants of national saving in four West African countries, namely, Ghana, Togo, Burkina Faso, and Cote d’ Ivoire. The study uses annual data from the World Bank database for the period 1997-2016. The Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) test, Cumulative sum of residuals (CUSUM) test, and autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds test were used to examine the stationarity, stability, and cointegration of the variables respectively. ARDF model analysis was carried out to determine the short run and long run determinants of national saving in the studied countries. The long run results reveal that gross domestic product, per capita income and real interest rate has a statistically and significant positive effect on gross savings, were as age dependency ratio has a statistical, and insignificant negative relationship with gross saving. The short run results suggest that gross domestic product and per capita income possesses positive statistical significant effects on gross national savings.It is recommended that, in other to promote saving, growth and development, pragmatic and realistic economic policies should be formulated to strengthen all monetary and financial institutions in the respective countries.

scholarly journals Autoregressive Distributed Lag Modeling of the Effects of Some Macroeconomic Variables on Economic Growth in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monday Osagie Adenomon ◽  
Rotimi Olalekan Ojo
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Interest Rate ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Inflation Rate ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Real Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Per Capita

Research background: Relationship between inflation rate, unemployment rate, interest rate and real gross domestic product per capita in Nigeria. However, there seems to be a short-run or long-run relationship among the macroeconomic variables.Purpose: This study investigated the impact of the inflation rate, unemployment rate and interest rate on real gross domestic product per capita (RGDPPC) (proxy for economic growth) and proffered recommendations towards enhancing economic growth and to reduce the distasteful effects of inflation rate, unemployment rate and interest rate in Nigeria in this present time economic challenges.Research methodology: This study applied a linear dynamic model Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) modeling technique to analyze the short-run dynamics and long-run relationship of the economic growth in Nigeria over the sample period between 1984 and 2017 using annual secondary data extracted from World Bank Development Indicators Report (last updated January 2019).Results: The empirical results showed that there was long-run relationship between inflation rate, unemployment rate and interest rate on real gross domestic product per capita (proxy for economic growth) in Nigeria. The result further revealed that only unemployment rate had a significant positive impact on real gross domestic product per capita in the long-run and inflation rate had a significant negative impact on real gross domestic product per capita in the short-run.Novelty: Therefore, the study concluded that unemployment rate and inflation rate proved to have significant impacts on economic growth in the long-run and short-run respectively. Formulation of policies to reduce unemployment through the adoption of labour concentrated technique of production, entrepreneurship development and policy to keep the inflation rate at single digit.

scholarly journals Autoregressive Distributed Lag Modeling of the Effects of Some Macroeconomic Variables on Economic Growth in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Monday Osagie Adenomon ◽  
Rotimi Olalekan Ojo
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Interest Rate ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Inflation Rate ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Real Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Per Capita

Abstract Research background: The relationship between inflation rate, unemployment rate, interest rate and real gross domestic product per capita in Nigeria. However, there seems to be a short-run or long-run relationship among the macroeconomic variables. Purpose: This study investigated the long and short run impacts of the inflation rate, unemployment rate and interest rate on real gross domestic product per capita (RGDPPC) (proxy for economic growth). Research methodology: This study applied a linear dynamic model Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) modeling technique to analyze the short-run dynamics and long-run relationship of economic growth in Nigeria over the sample period between 1984 and 2017 using annual secondary data extracted from the World Bank Development Indicators Report. Results: The empirical results showed that there was a long-run relationship between the inflation rate, unemployment rate and interest rate on real gross domestic product per capita (proxy for economic growth) in Nigeria. The results further revealed that only the unemployment rate had a significant positive impact on real gross domestic product per capita in the long-run and the inflation rate had a significant negative impact on real gross domestic product per capita in the short-run. Novelty: Therefore, the study concluded that the unemployment rate and inflation rate proved to have significant impacts on economic growth in the long-run and short-run respectively. The formulation of policies to reduce unemployment through the adoption of a labour concentrated technique of production, entrepreneurship development and policy to keep the inflation rate a single digit.

scholarly journals Impact of digital technology in higher education

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 318-325
Author(s):  
Muhammad Mofizur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Successful Execution ◽  
Short Run ◽  
E Learning

In the current era, digital technology cannot be overlooked in higher education and other economic factors. Digital technology introduces scopes that expedite blended, e-learning, and online in higher education; suggests a multiple of ways to communicate, learn, correspond, cooperate, and collaborate. Also, digital technology has been more and more widely used in higher education for the continuous development of the economy. This study replicates on the growing importance of digital technology on higher education in Bangladesh over the period 1988-2018. Besides, the study exploits the Johansen cointegration and vector error correction model (VECM) for investigating the positive relationship between digital technology and higher education. The Johansen's cointegration outcomes ascertain that digital technology, higher education, and gross domestic product are cointegrated in the long-run. Furthermore, the VECM outcomes suggest that digital technology can stimulate higher education in both the long run and short run, where learners, educators, and nations are consistently gainer of this country. The study also highlights that higher education consistently contributes to gross domestic product. This research would do twisting up higher education in the kind of digital technology that effectively contributes to educational institutions and countries to remain long-term response. Bangladesh must be beneficial by growing technological development in higher education. For the rapid changes in higher education, the research is advocated that the successful execution of digital technology needs to concentrate on interconnecting structures for transformation: the educator, the educational institutions, and the policymakers. Consequently, public policies would make educational changes in practicing the digital technology of Bangladesh

PENGARUH PENANAMAN MODAL ASING, PERDAGANGAN INTERNASIONAL, GDP PER KAPITA, SEKTOR PERTANIAN, DAN URBANISASI TERHADAP PENDUDUK BEKERJA DI INDONESIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-95
Author(s):  
John Marcell Rumondor
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Foreign Investment ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Working Population ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Per Capita

This research aims to understand the influenceof foreign investment, international trade, Gross Domestic Product per capita, agriculture and urbanization of the working population. Country used as an object in this research is Indonesia. This research uses the method of analysis Ordinary Least Square (OLS) and the multiple linear regression analysis method. Research period are from 1997 – 2012. The results showed that the international trade, Gross Domestic Product per capita, agriculture and urbanization have significantpositive influenceon the population work in Indonesia, but foreign investment has no significanteffect on the working population in Indonesia.

scholarly journals Examining the connection among national tourism expenditure and economic growth in Algeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Salah Eddine Sari Hassoun ◽  
Khayereddine Salim Adda ◽  
Asma Hadjira Sebbane
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Structural Break ◽  
Unit Root Test ◽  
Vector Autoregressive ◽  
Natural Logarithm ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Strategic Role ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Tourism Expenditure

AbstractTourism is one of the most important sectors for several researchers and decision makers, due to its influence on the world economic growth in the twenty-first century, making it as a source of competition between countries to a global industry for its effective strategic role in the development of countries. In this paper, we used two variables natural logarithm of per capita gross domestic product (GDP) and natural logarithm of per capita international and national tourism expenditure (ITE) to study the relationship between the tourism sector and economic growth in Algeria over the period of 1995–2017. We established with the unit root test with and without breakpoint that the variables are stationary in the first difference and there is a structural break in (ITE) and (GDP). Thus, with the presence of a breakpoint, we employed the methodology of Gregory–Hansen to avoid such issue, but we found that there was no evidence of cointegration with breakpoint, so then we used the vector autoregressive model (VAR). The model showed that the tourism sector has a positive and insignificant coefficient on the economic growth, while the economic growth factor has a positive and significant on the tourism sector. In the short run, there was a one-way causality from GDP to ITE at the level of 1%, confirming the economic-driven tourism growth hypothesis. Also, we found with Breitung and Candelon causality that there was same causality at the level of 10%.

Abstract P360: Hypertension Treatment Rates And Health Worker Density: An Analysis Of Worldwide Data

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh Vedanthan ◽  
Mondira Ray ◽  
Valentin Fuster ◽  
Ellen Magenheim
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Health Worker ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Hypertension Treatment ◽  
Treatment Rate ◽  
Capita Gross Domestic Product ◽  
The World ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: Hypertension is the leading global risk for mortality and its prevalence is increasing in many low- and middle-income countries. Hypertension treatment rates are low worldwide, potentially in part due to insufficient human resources. However, the relationship between health worker density and hypertension treatment rates is unknown. Objective: To conduct an econometric analysis of the relationship between health worker density and hypertension treatment rates worldwide. Methods: Hypertension treatment rates were collected from published reports between 1980 and 2010. Data on health worker (physician and nurse) density were obtained from the World Health Organization (WHO). Data for potential confounding variables--per capita gross domestic product, hospital bed density, burden of infectious diseases, land area and urban population--were obtained from WHO and World Bank databases. Potential interaction by per capita gross domestic product was evaluated. Multivariable logistic-logarithmic regression analysis was performed using Stata. Results: Full data were available from 146 countries spanning all World Bank income classification categories. Health worker density was significantly associated with hypertension treatment rate in the unadjusted model (beta = 0.23; p < 0.005). In the fully adjusted model, the association remained positive but was not statistically significant (beta = 0.30; p = 0.078) (Figure). Hypertension treatment rates were more strongly related to physician than nurse density (beta = 0.21 vs 0.08; p = 0.10 vs 0.49). Conclusion: Hypertension treatment rates across the world appear to be related to health worker density, although the relationship does not achieve strict statistical significance. Our results suggest that a 10% increase in health worker density is associated with a 2-3% increase in hypertension treatment rate. Given the global burden of hypertension and other chronic diseases, WHO guidelines for health workforce staffing may need to be reconsidered.

scholarly journals Geographical Indication and Regional Development: Cause or Consequence

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 535
Author(s):  
Alan Malacarne ◽  
Liaria Nunes da Silva ◽  
Camila Souza Vieira ◽  
Ricardo Fontes Macedo ◽  
Andreia Malacarne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Intrinsic Value ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Geographical Indication ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Per Capita

The Geographical Indication is an instrument of protection to products and services that have intrinsic value. The cities of Bento Gon&ccedil;alves, Flores da Cunha, Monte Belo do Sul, Farroupilha, Paraty, Urussanga, Salinas and Aba&iacute;ra are highlights in the Brazilian agricultural sector. These regions have territorial demarcations with a Geographical Indication certification, where the producers live in the same region and can sell their own products with this seal of quality. An analysis has as a starting point the following study problem: Is the success of the implementation of a Geographical Indication linked to the development of the region? The results showed that only the Gross Domestic Product per capita is not sufficient to prove a record of Geographic Indication was actually implemented successfully in a certain region or not, however it can be observed that in the developed regions the trend is much higher.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document