scholarly journals Reviewing Usage, Potentials, and Limitations of Renewable Energy Sources

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2906 ◽  
Author(s):  
George E. Halkos ◽  
Eleni-Christina Gkampoura
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Energy Source ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
International Energy Agency ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Agency ◽  
Address Climate Change

The world’s ever-increasing population, combined with economic and technological growth and a new, modern way of life, has led to high energy demand and consumption. Fossil fuels have been the main energy source for many years, but their use has many negative impacts on the environment. This has made the transition to renewable energy sources necessary in order to address climate change and meet the 1.5 °C goal. This paper is a review of the different types of renewables, their potentials and limitations, and their connection to climate change, economic growth, and human health. It also examines consumers’ willingness to pay for renewables in different countries, based on the existing literature. IEA (International Energy Agency) data are analyzed, concerning renewables’ current use, the evolution of their usage, and forecasts about their future usage. Finally, policies and strategies are recommended in order to address climate change and fully integrate renewables as a sustainable energy source.

scholarly journals Optimization of biogas yield from lignocellulosic materials with different pretreatment methods: a review

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kehinde Oladoke Olatunji ◽  
Noor A. Ahmed ◽  
Oyetola Ogunkunle
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Biogas Yield

AbstractPopulation increase and industrialization has resulted in high energy demand and consumptions, and presently, fossil fuels are the major source of staple energy, supplying 80% of the entire consumption. This has contributed immensely to the greenhouse gas emission and leading to global warming, and as a result of this, there is a tremendous urgency to investigate and improve fresh and renewable energy sources worldwide. One of such renewable energy sources is biogas that is generated by anaerobic fermentation that uses different wastes such as agricultural residues, animal manure, and other organic wastes. During anaerobic digestion, hydrolysis of substrates is regarded as the most crucial stage in the process of biogas generation. However, this process is not always efficient because of the domineering stableness of substrates to enzymatic or bacteria assaults, but substrates’ pretreatment before biogas production will enhance biogas production. The principal objective of pretreatments is to ease the accessibility of the enzymes to the lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose which leads to degradation of the substrates. Hence, the use of pretreatment for catalysis of lignocellulose substrates is beneficial for the production of cost-efficient and eco-friendly process. In this review, we discussed different pretreatment technologies of hydrolysis and their restrictions. The review has shown that different pretreatments have varying effects on lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose degradation and biogas yield of different substrate and the choice of pretreatment technique will devolve on the intending final products of the process.

scholarly journals Hydropower and Sustainability

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hemlal Bhattarai
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Energy Source ◽  
Renewable Energy Source ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Hydropower Project ◽  
Power Sector ◽  
Strategic Measures

Renewable energy sources are gaining momentum in power sector mainly to address the impacts of climate change as well as the risks associated with usage of fossil fuels or nuclear energy sources. Hydropower is one of the most promising renewable energy source-based power plant that hold significant shares globally. But there are series of risks associated with hydropower project when we talk about sustainability and needs are felt to critically understand the pertaining risks as well as protocols or measures to quantify the risks. Such measure will prove to be crucial in underlining the strategic measures from planning, construction and operation phases of hydropower keeping on account of its sustainability.

scholarly journals Nuclear energy in the context of climate change

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-25
Author(s):  
Vasile Popa ◽  
Octavian Cocoș
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Energy Source ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Current State ◽  
Development Prospects

Human society faces the great challenge of drastically reducing greenhouse gas emissions while providing increased amounts of energy. Although the share of renewable energy sources has increased in recent years, fossil fuels are still widely used and burning them makes large amounts of carbon dioxide enter the atmosphere. However, renewable energy sources may not be able to supply in time enough energy to replace fossil fuels. Under the circumstances, the question arises as to whether nuclear energy could play a significant role in mitigating climate change. Although there is still confidence and support for nuclear energy, it is unlikely that this energy source will make a greater contribution to combating climate change in the coming decades. This study analyzes the current state of nuclear energy, as well as the development prospects in the context of climate change and risks to the environment and human health.

scholarly journals Recent trends and issues in energy conservation technologies

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
Ömer Faruk Ulusoy ◽  
Erkan Pektaş
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
International Energy Agency ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Energy Agency ◽  
The World

Energy efficiency is a set of measures to prevent the loss of energy in gas, steam, air and electricity, to reduce energy demand by recycling and evaluating various wastes, or to reduce production by advanced technology, more efficient energy resources, advanced industrial processes, and energy recovery.  The International Energy Agency announced that world energy consumption increased by 45% since 1980 and would be 70% higher by 2030 [1]. The energy policy of the future will be on saving, energy efficiency and renewable energy trilogy. Today, with the industrial revolution, the environmental problems and the damages caused by the world we live in today have reached the dimensions that threaten human health and ecological balance. Considering that the energy consumed in the world is in buildings, every measure that reduces energy consumption is very important in terms of improving life conditions. For this purpose, the importance of renewable energy sources in the design of energy architecture principles in energy efficiency and sustainable environments is stated.

scholarly journals Role of Renewable Energy in India’s Energy Basket

2021 ◽  
Vol 927 (1) ◽  
pp. 012045
Author(s):  
G P Girish ◽  
Sweta Singh
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
International Energy Agency ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Agency ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The World ◽  
Installed Capacity

Abstract World is witnessing a trend of countries adopting renewable energy sources viz.a.viz. Fossil fuels dominated energy sources. International Energy Agency believes that by 2025 energy produced from Renewable energy sources will most likely surpass electricity generated by coal. India being one of the largest producer and consumer of electricity in the world is already one of the largest producers of energy from renewable sources in the world with 38%+ of India’s total installed capacity from renewable energy sources. In this study we analyze and review the role that Renewable Energy is going to play in India’s Energy basket. With growing dependence on non-fossil fuels, it’s imperative for industry participants, policy makers, governments and researchers to decipher what is the role that is going to be played by energy produced from renewable energy sources in India’s energy basket from a strategic as well as policy making perspective.

Surface overgrowth on gold nanoparticles modulating high-energy facets for efficient electrochemical CO2 reduction

Nanoscale ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Woong Choi ◽  
Joon Woo Park ◽  
Woonghyeon Park ◽  
Yousung Jung ◽  
Hyunjoon Song
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Co2 Reduction ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Chemical Energy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Electrochemical Co2 Reduction

Electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (eCO2RR) has been considered one of the potential technologies to store electricity from renewable energy sources into chemical energy. For this aim, designing catalysts with high...

Modelling of an Optimized Microgrid Model by Integrating DG Distributed Generation Sources to IEEE 13 Bus System

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-25
Author(s):  
Bisma Imtiaz ◽  
Imran Zafar ◽  
Cui Yuanhui
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Distributed Generation ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Efficient Manner ◽  
Matlab Simulink ◽  
Control Scheme ◽  
Power Quality Improvement

Due to the rapid increase in energy demand with depleting conventional sources, the world’s interest is moving towards renewable energy sources. Microgrid provides easy and reliable integration of distributed generation (DG) units based on renewable energy sources to the grid. The DG’s are usually integrated to microgrid through inverters. For a reliable operation of microgrid, it must have to operate in grid connected as well as isolated mode. Due to sudden mode change, performance of the DG inverter system will be compromised. Design and simulation of an optimized microgrid model in MATLAB/Simulink is presented in this work. The goal of the designed model is to integrate the inverter-interfaced DG’s to the microgrid in an efficient manner. The IEEE 13 bus test feeder has been converted to a microgrid by integration of DG’s including diesel engine generator, photovoltaic (PV) block and battery. The main feature of the designed MG model is its optimization in both operated modes to ensure the high reliability. For reliable interconnection of designed MG model to the power grid, a control scheme for DG inverter system based on PI controllers and DQ-PLL (phase-locked loop) has been designed. This designed scheme provides constant voltage in isolated mode and constant currents in grid connected mode. For power quality improvement, the regulation of harmonic current insertion has been performed using LCL filter. The performance of the designed MG model has been evaluated from the simulation results in MATLAB/ Simulink.

Trading Renewable Energy by using CO2 : An Effective Option to Mitigate Climate Change and Increase the use of Renewable Energy Sources

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 453-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Barbato ◽  
Gabriele Centi ◽  
Gaetano Iaquaniello ◽  
Alessia Mangiapane ◽  
Siglinda Perathoner
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Effective Option ◽  
Mitigate Climate Change

scholarly journals Influence of renewable energy sources on climate change mitigation in Serbia

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 411-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladica Bozic ◽  
Slobodan Cvetkovic ◽  
Branislav Zivkovic
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Change Mitigation

scholarly journals Experimental Studies on an Inclined Collector Divergent Chimney Pilot Plant

2021 ◽  
Vol 850 (1) ◽  
pp. 012008
Author(s):  
N Rajamurugu
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
High Mass ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Solar Chimney ◽  
Energy Agency

Abstract Renewable energy sources become suitable valid options to reduce the dependency on fossil fuels or petroleum products. The International Renewable Energy Agency reports that the world will harvest 40% of energy from renewable energy sources by 2030. Conventional technologies such as solar PV technology, consumes higher capital per unit (kWh) of electricity generation cost significantly higher than the traditional sources. Hence, solar chimney power generation system can be suitable option for generating low cost energy. Solar chimneys are developed and tested by different researchers in enhancing the performance of the system. Studies on the geometric modifications of the collector, and chimney are limited. The aim of this paper is to analyse the experimental data obtained from a divergent solar chimney. Experimentation is carried under sunlight in an open atmosphere. The airflow rates in the chimneys are tested under different collector outlet height. The experimental results showed that a chimney with higher collector openings was performed well than other models. The computational analysis is also carried out using ANSYS Fluent software package which shows that the collector opening of 2.5m is recommended for higher high mass flow rate and system efficiency.

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