scholarly journals Technical Solutions of Forest Machine Hybridization

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2793
Author(s):  
Václav Mergl ◽  
Zdravko Pandur ◽  
Jan Klepárník ◽  
Hrvoje Kopseak ◽  
Marin Bačić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid System ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Storage Device ◽  
Hydraulic Motor ◽  
Hybrid Propulsion ◽  
Hydraulic Hybrid ◽  
Drive Systems ◽  
Hydraulic Accumulator ◽  
Technical Solutions

The paper deals with the characteristics of three different types of power train hybridization of forest logging machines and with the benefits of reducing environmental impacts by comparing new technology with more conventional, older technology. New hybridization options that could be implemented in forestry machines are also discussed. The paper divides a hybrid solution into three classes based on the energy used in the system of hybridization. First is an electro-hybrid system that uses an electric motor and battery or different storage device. The second, a hydraulic hybrid system, is a solution with a hydraulic accumulator, hydraulic motor, and pump. The third system is a combination of the electro-hybrid and hydraulic-hybrid system. The current technical and technological development of hybrid drive systems, as well as their components, has led to significant improvements in drive performance and thus better performance of the new generation of forest vehicles. Improved energy efficiency using hybrid propulsion systems in forest vehicles would result in a significant reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and possibly lower maintenance costs.

A Robust Multi-Input Multi-Output Control Strategy for the Secondary Controlled Hydraulic Hybrid Swing of a Compact Excavator With Variable Accumulator Pressure

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrique Busquets ◽  
Monika Ivantysynova
Keyword(s):  
Power Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Hydraulic Motor ◽  
Robust Performance ◽  
Output Control ◽  
Controlled System ◽  
Output Controller ◽  
Hydraulic Hybrid ◽  
Hydraulic Accumulator ◽  
First Time

Over the last decade, a number of hybrid architectures have been proposed with the main goal of minimizing energy consumption of excavator swing drives. One of the most notorious architectures is the secondary controlled hydraulic swing drive. One of the advantages of this system is that, through the installation of a hydraulic accumulator, energy which otherwise would be wasted can be stored and reutilized on demand. However, the fact that the hydraulic motor in this architecture operates under a constant high pressure at all times diminishes the overall system efficiency significantly. Therefore, to investigate machine power management strategies, it is imperative to formulate a controller that overcomes this weakness. In this paper, a robust multi-input multi-output controller is synthesized for the control of the hybrid swing velocity and for first time the control of the accumulator state of charge. The simplified plant is tested using a high fidelity nonlinear model developed in the Simulink-Matlab environment. The proposed controller is then tested and compared against a PI controller using the optimal accumulator pressure obtained from dynamic programming and the desired cab velocity. Results show satisfactory tracking of the swing drive velocity and pressure. In addition, a study of the nominal stability, robust stability and robust performance of the controlled system reveals the advantages of the H∞ controller.

scholarly journals Modelling and experimental validation of the performance of a digital displacement® hydraulic hybrid truck

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440702110261
Author(s):  
William JB Midgley ◽  
Daniel Abrahams ◽  
Colin P Garner ◽  
Niall Caldwell
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Experimental Validation ◽  
Vehicle Model ◽  
Drive Cycle ◽  
Hydraulic Hybrid ◽  
Fuel Economy Improvement ◽  
Foam Filled ◽  
Hydraulic Accumulator

The development, modelling and testing of a novel, fuel-efficient hydraulic hybrid light truck is reported. The vehicle used a Digital Displacement® pump/motor and a foam-filled hydraulic accumulator in parallel with the existing drivetrain to recover energy from vehicle braking and use this during acceleration. The pump/motor was also used to reduce gear-shift times. The paper describes the development of a mathematical vehicle model and the validation of this model against an extensive testing regime. In testing, the system improved the fuel economy of the vehicle by 23.5% over the JE05 midtown drive cycle. The validated mathematical model was then optimised and used to determine the maximum fuel economy improvement over the diesel baseline vehicle for two representative cycles (JE05 midtown and WLTP). It was found that the hybrid system can improve the fuel economy by 24%–43%, depending on the drive cycle. When this was combined with engine stop-start, the system improved the fuel economy of the vehicle by 29%–95%, depending on the drive cycle.

Design and Control of Hydraulic Hybrid System for Excavators

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shizhen Li ◽  
Jianhua Wei ◽  
Jinhui Fang ◽  
Kai Guo ◽  
Wei Liu
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid System ◽  
Original System ◽  
Fuel Saving ◽  
Hydraulic Motor ◽  
Proportional Valve ◽  
Hydraulic Hybrid ◽  
Recovery System ◽  
Similar Operation ◽  
Saving Effect ◽  
And Control

This paper is to study on a novel recovery and release hydraulic hybrid system for excavators (HHE). The HHE uses hydraulic accumulators to recover the potential energy of the boom, the kinetic energy of the swing motor and the overflow hydraulic energy of the excavator’s main relief. The recovered energy is then utilized through a variable hydraulic motor as assistant power of the engine. The key issue of the HHE is that the operation of the boom must be similar to the conventional one about the sensing of the driver and the system must achieve higher efficiency and save more energy when comparing with the conventional system. In order to improve the recovery efficiency and while controlling the boom velocity with the similar operation, one design concept named “microcut” is proposed. When the boom drops down fast, a proportional valve is used to control the boom. While the boom goes down slowly, the recovery system is cut off. Then, the multi-way valve of the original system works to ensure good handling. An experimental prototype is designed and built in a 21-tons excavator. A 16% fuel-saving effect is obtained by weighing engine’s fuel consumption with the same amount of work, under conditions of the similar operation and higher efficiency compared with the conventional excavator.

Boom Potential Energy Regeneration Scheme for Hydraulic Excavators

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young-Bum Kim ◽  
Pan-Young Kim ◽  
Hubertus Murrenhoff
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Potential Energy ◽  
Storage Device ◽  
Hydraulic Motor ◽  
Relief Valve ◽  
Hydraulic Hybrid ◽  
Truck Loading ◽  
Hydraulic Excavators ◽  
Variable Displacement ◽  
Simulation Results

When hydraulic excavators lower their boom or brake the rotating upper structure, recoverable potential or kinetic energy is available. In recent years electric and hydraulic hybrid excavators have been developed to recover this energy that is lost through usually the throttle or relief valve. Although boom lowering motion occurs frequently, most commercial hybrid excavators only recover the swing braking energy. Some hybrid architectures to recover the boom potential energy have also been introduced, however, much of this energy is still lost as throttling losses when they save the energy into a storage device by using a recuperation scheme or they need many additional electric components. This paper introduces a new regeneration scheme to recover the boom potential energy for hydraulic excavators. By directly connecting the head chambers of the boom cylinders to a variable displacement hydraulic motor installed on the engine shaft, the boom potential energy could be used to support the torque required to be delivered by the engine. The speed of boom lowering is controlled by adjusting the motor displacement. Also bypass into a tank is implemented to limit the size of the recovery motor. The simulation results show the average fuel consumption in leveling and 90deg truck loading tasks can be reduced by 10% and 7%, respectively.

Revisiting the Factors Influencing Teaching Choice Framework: Exploring What Fits with Virtual Teaching

2021 ◽  
pp. 097215092110153
Author(s):  
Sudhir Rana ◽  
Amit Kumar Singh ◽  
Shubham Singhania ◽  
Shubhangi Verma ◽  
Moon Moon Haque
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Learning Experience ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Business Management ◽  
Teaching Efficacy ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Virtual Teaching

The present study revisits the Factors Influencing Teaching Choice (FIT-Choice) framework and explores what motivates business management academicians in teaching virtually. The revisit is based on a quantitative cross-sectional research design using 256 responses collected from in-service business management academicians teaching post-graduate business courses in India, through a structured questionnaire. The exercise of revisiting the FIT-Choice framework in the context of virtual teaching in business management courses led us to find four new variables, that is, task demand and expert career, teaching efficacy, knowledge assimilation and institutional utility value, as well as suggest revising teaching and learning experience, task returns and values. The results reveal that some additional factors motivating business academicians are teaching efficacy, content expertise, learning of new technology, futuristic growth and opportunities, alternative career opportunities and personal branding. The study provides suggestions to the apex bodies, regulators of higher education and institutions to take a call on motivational and influential factors while drafting the job requirements in business schools. Finally, the study emphasizes the importance of infrastructural and technological development required to be achieved by higher education institutions.

scholarly journals Evaluation of eMaintenance Application Based on the New Version of the EFQM Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3682
Author(s):  
Renata Turisová ◽  
Hana Pačaiová ◽  
Zuzana Kotianová ◽  
Anna Nagyová ◽  
Michal Hovanec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
Production Quality ◽  
Maintenance Management ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
Efqm Model ◽  
Performance Rate ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
Whole Life Cycle

Maintenance management is connected with two opposing aspects, management costs and operational efficiency. With the implementation of new technology within the Industry 4.0 (I4.0) concept, new technical solutions are being created. These solutions (mainly robotic workplaces) must reach a maximum performance rate, production quality, and, of course, high availability. Their operation, during the whole life cycle, is expected to be absolutely safe with minimum maintenance costs. These trends, even though they seem to be optimistic, face a lot of problems. The conducted research follows up on the results of previous research aimed at the initial assessment Slovak industrial company readiness status for the I4.0 conception between 2017 and 2019. The aim of the ongoing research was to assess the readiness status in more than 70 industrial organizations in the selected area for the new concept of maintenance management (eMaintenance) and its relation to machinery integrated safety. The research was carried out by questioning, with the structure of individual questions and closed answers stemmed from the self-evaluation according to the new European Foundation for Quality Management (EFQM) Excellence Model (2020). The results of the research were presented to managements of questioned organizations and confirmed the assumptions about a low level of maintenance management transformation to eMaintenance.

Developing Tools for New Technology Studies: An Anthropological Perspective

2001 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
María Santos ◽  
María Márquez
Keyword(s):  
Technological Development ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Anthropological Perspective ◽  
Technological Style ◽  
Technological Artifacts ◽  
Social Settings ◽  
Symbolic Processes ◽  
Technological Experience

Anthropology seeks the meanings of standard or repeated behaviors, social processes, or human creations. This is why anthropologists have explored alien and/or distant social settings. What happens when we try to answer the same questions in our own contexts? In other words, how can we use anthropological theories and tools to discover the meaning of the development and adoption of technological artifacts and processes within our own cultural groups? In this article, we suggest that this can be partly achieved through the generation and exchange of theoretical tools. To this end, we propose the concepts of "technical-symbolic trajectories" and "technological style." These have been drawn from our field research and include influences from disciplines other than anthropology. They are then used to generate mid-range explanations to understand: (1) the symbolic processes that, in conjunction with other social, political, and economic forces, shape a specific and identifiable trajectory of technological development and (2) the technical resources, behaviors, and discourses that actors use to achieve the cultural objectives incorporated into any technological experience.

scholarly journals Heating an electric car with a biofuel operated heater during cold seasons – design, application and test

ACTA IMEKO ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Riess ◽  
Michael Simon Josef Walter ◽  
Stefan Weiherer ◽  
Tiffany Haas ◽  
Sebastian Haas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Passenger Compartment ◽  
External Energy ◽  
Cold Temperatures ◽  
Electric Car ◽  
Drive Systems

The automotive industry is currently undergoing far-reaching structural changes. Automobile manufacturers are pursuing intensive scientific research and technological development in the field of alternative drive systems, such as electric powertrains. If electric car batteries are charged with regenerative generated electricity, their emission output is zero (from a well-to-wheel view). Furthermore, electric drives have very high efficiency. At cold temperatures, however, the battery power drops due to energy-intensive loads, such as the heating of the passenger compartment, and this consequently reduces the range dramatically. Therefore, the focus of this research work is external energy supply for the required heat capacity. The auxiliary energy may be generated by renewable energy technologies in order to further improve the CO<sub>2</sub> balance of electric vehicles. The paper deals with the design, application, and testing of a biofuel-operated heater to heat the passenger compartment of a battery-powered electric car (a Renault ZOE R240). The practical use of the heating system is analyzed in several test drives, performed during winter 2018. The results as well as the range extension of the electric car that can be achieved by substituting the on-board heating system by the fuel-operated heater are quantified herein.

scholarly journals ENERGY-EFFICIENT TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS FOR THE OPERATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE HYDRAULIC DRIVE OF THE TRACTOR

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.V. Yudin ◽  
◽  
R.N. Puzakov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Hydraulic System ◽  
Hydraulic Drive ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Uneven Terrain ◽  
Operational Characteristics ◽  
High Dynamic ◽  
Hydraulic Accumulator ◽  
Technical Solutions

During the movement of the tractor on the uneven terrain, there are fluctuations that cause jumps of the working fluid in the hydraulic system and high dynamic loads. The solution to this problem is the use of an energy-saving hydraulic drive with a hydraulic accumulator and a system of aggregates this leads to increased efficiency and increased productivity of skidding grippers. A mathematical model of working processes with an energy-saving hydraulic drive is compiled.

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