scholarly journals Distribution-Level Flexibility Markets—A Review of Trends, Research Projects, Key Stakeholders and Open Questions

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (20) ◽  
pp. 6622
Author(s):  
Domagoj Badanjak ◽  
Hrvoje Pandžić
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
High Penetration ◽  
Key Stakeholders ◽  
Research Initiatives ◽  
Sustainable Electricity

In modern power systems high penetration of renewable energy sources and decentralized paradigm are regarded as the path toward more sustainable electricity landscape. This includes distributed energy resources whose intermittency and uncertainty may cause issues to the system operators. Distribution system operators have an obligation to ensure secure and stable system operation. Hence, they seek the most efficient methods to deal with these challenges. Flexibility procurement is considered as one of the prerequisites for painless and successful integration of renewable sources. Furthermore, distribution-level flexibility markets are modeled and tested to trade flexibility locally, solve congestion issues and defer grid expansion. This paper surveys the ongoing research in the field of flexibility markets, its design, open questions and most promising research projects. The key stakeholders are identified, overview of the current trends in the power system and research initiatives are presented, accompanied with the dilemmas being discussed in the power systems community.

scholarly journals A Game-Theoretic Loss Allocation Approach in Power Distribution Systems with High Penetration of Distributed Generations

Mathematics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 158
Author(s):  
Farzaneh Pourahmadi ◽  
Payman Dehghanian
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Power Distribution Systems ◽  
Loss Allocation ◽  
Distributed Generators ◽  
High Penetration ◽  
Game Theoretic ◽  
Allocation Approach

Allocation of the power losses to distributed generators and consumers has been a challenging concern for decades in restructured power systems. This paper proposes a promising approach for loss allocation in power distribution systems based on a cooperative concept of game-theory, named Shapley Value allocation. The proposed solution is a generic approach, applicable to both radial and meshed distribution systems as well as those with high penetration of renewables and DG units. With several different methods for distribution system loss allocation, the suggested method has been shown to be a straight-forward and efficient criterion for performance comparisons. The suggested loss allocation approach is numerically investigated, the results of which are presented for two distribution systems and its performance is compared with those obtained by other methodologies.

Planning of Distribution System with High Penetration Level for Distributed Generation in Smart Grid

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Tajik
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Planning Problem ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Power Distribution System ◽  
High Penetration

Nowadays, the utilization of renewable energy resources in distribution systems (DSs) has been rapidly increased. Since distribution generation (DG) use renewable resources (i.e., biomass, wind and solar) are emerging as proper solutions for electricity generation. Regarding the tremendous deployment of DG, common distribution networks are undergoing a transition to DSs, and the common planning methods have become traditional in the high penetration level. Indeed, in conformity with the voltage violation challenge of these resources, this problem must be dealt with too. So, due to the high penetration of DG resources and nonlinear nature of most industrial loads, the planning of DG installation has become an important issue in power systems. The goal of this paper is to determine the planning of DG in distribution systems through smart grid to minimize losses and control grid factors. In this regard, the present work intending to propose a suitable method for the planning of DSs, the key properties of DS planning problem are evaluated from the various aspects, such as the allocation of DGs, and planning, and high-level uncertainties. Also depending on these analyses, this universal literature review addressed the updated study associated with DS planning. In this work, an operational design has been prepared for a higher performance of the power distribution system in the presence of DG. Artificial neural network (ANN) has been used as a method for voltage monitoring and generation output optimization. The findings of the study show that the proposed method can be utilized as a technique to improve the process of the distribution system under various penetration levels and in the presence of DG. Also, the findings revealed that the optimal use of ANN method leads to more controllable and apparent DS.

scholarly journals An Improved Dispatch Strategy of a Grid-Connected Hybrid Energy System with High Penetration Level of Renewable Energy

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Jie Meng ◽  
Bo Guo ◽  
Tao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Time Shift ◽  
Frequency Regulation ◽  
Hybrid Energy ◽  
High Penetration ◽  
Battery Energy

As more and more renewable energy sources (RES) integrated into the conventional distribution system, how to make the current electric grid more reliable and efficient is becoming an important topic the world must face. In order to achieve these goals, grid-connected hybrid energy systems (HES) which contain battery energy storage systems (BESS) and many other advanced technologies have been developed and applied. Many benefits of BESS, such as high density of energy and power, have fast response in energy time-shift, frequency regulation, and so on. This paper focuses on the fluctuation alleviation and power quality improvement of grid-connected HES with high penetration level of RES. A multistage dispatch strategy of BESS for HES is proposed in this paper to mitigate the randomness and intermittence of the power flowed in HES because of high penetration level of RES integration. Four other conventional strategies are also discussed for evaluating the performance of the method proposed in this paper. Detailed cases and corresponding discussions are implemented, and the results show that the method proposed in this paper is more effective and robust than the other conventional strategies.

scholarly journals Power Quality Investigation of Distribution Networks Embedded Wind Turbines

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Elsherif ◽  
T. Fetouh ◽  
H. Shaaban
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Wind Energy ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Power Quality ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Distributed Resources

In recent years a multitude of events have created a new environment for the electric power infrastructure. The presence of small-scale generation near load spots is becoming common especially with the advent of renewable energy sources such as wind power energy. This type of generation is known as distributed generation (DG). The expansion of the distributed generators- (DGs-) based wind energy raises constraints on the distribution networks operation and power quality issues: voltage sag, voltage swell, voltage interruption, harmonic contents, flickering, frequency deviation, unbalance, and so forth. Consequently, the public distribution network conception and connection studies evolve in order to keep the distribution system operating in optimal conditions. In this paper, a comprehensive power quality investigation of a distribution system with embedded wind turbines has been carried out. This investigation is carried out in a comparison aspect between the conventional synchronous generators, as DGs are widely in use at present, and the different wind turbines technologies, which represent the foresightedness of the DGs. The obtained results are discussed with the IEC 61400-21 standard for testing and assessing power quality characteristics of grid-connected wind energy and the IEEE 1547-2003 standard for interconnecting distributed resources with electric power systems.

scholarly journals Integrating Photovoltaic Systems in Power System: Power Quality Impacts and Optimal Planning Challenges

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aida Fazliana Abdul Kadir ◽  
Tamer Khatib ◽  
Wilfried Elmenreich
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Power System ◽  
Power Quality ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Harmonic Distortion ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Optimal Planning ◽  
High Penetration ◽  
Bidirectional Power Flow

This paper is an overview of some of the main issues in photovoltaic based distributed generation (PVDG). A discussion of the harmonic distortion produced by PVDG units is presented. The maximum permissible penetration level of PVDG in distribution system is also considered. The general procedures of optimal planning for PVDG placement and sizing are also explained in this paper. The result of this review shows that there are different challenges for integrating PVDG in the power systems. One of these challenges is integrated system reliability whereas the amount of power produced by renewable energy source is consistent. Thus, the high penetration of PVDG into grid can decrease the reliability of the power system network. On the other hand, power quality is considered one of the challenges of PVDG whereas the high penetration of PVDGs can lead to more harmonic propagation into the power system network. In addition to that, voltage fluctuation of the integrated PVDG and reverse power flow are two important challenges to this technology. Finally, protection of power system with integrated PVDG is one of the most critical challenges to this technology as the current protection schemes are designed for unidirectional not bidirectional power flow pattern.

scholarly journals Demand-Side Management of Smart Distribution Grids Incorporating Renewable Energy Sources

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerardo J. Osório ◽  
Miadreza Shafie-khah ◽  
Mohamed Lotfi ◽  
Bernardo J. M. Ferreira-Silva ◽  
João P. S. Catalão
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Demand Response ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Demand Side Management ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Distribution Grids

The integration of renewable energy resources (RES) (such as wind and photovoltaic (PV)) on large or small scales, in addition to small generation units, and individual producers, has led to a large variation in energy production, adding uncertainty to power systems (PS) due to the inherent stochasticity of natural resources. The implementation of demand-side management (DSM) in distribution grids (DGs), enabled by intelligent electrical devices and advanced communication infrastructures, ensures safer and more economical operation, giving more flexibility to the intelligent smart grid (SG), and consequently reducing pollutant emissions. Consumers play an active and key role in modern SG as small producers, using RES or through participation in demand response (DR) programs. In this work, the proposed DSM model follows a two-stage stochastic approach to deal with uncertainties associated with RES (wind and PV) together with demand response aggregators (DRA). Three types of DR strategies offered to consumers are compared. Nine test cases are modeled, simulated, and compared in order to analyze the effects of the different DR strategies. The purpose of this work is to minimize DG operating costs from the Distribution System Operator (DSO) point-of-view, through the analysis of different levels of DRA presence, DR strategies, and price variations.

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