scholarly journals Performance Analysis and Optimisation of a Solar On-Grid Air Conditioner

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (23) ◽  
pp. 8054
Author(s):  
Francisco J. Aguilar ◽  
Javier Ruiz ◽  
Manuel Lucas ◽  
Pedro G. Vicente
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Climate ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Average Energy ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Air Conditioner ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Air Conditioning System ◽  
Air Conditioners ◽  
Solar Powered ◽  
The Eu

Solar-powered air conditioners offer a high potential for energy-efficient cooling with a high economic feasibility. They can significantly reduce the energy consumption in the building sector, which is essential to meet the greater ambition of reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 80% in the EU by 2050. This paper presents a computational model development capable of simulating the behaviour of a photovoltaic-assisted heat pump in different locations and working conditions. In addition, this model has been used to optimise a solar on-grid air conditioning system. The generated model has been validated with experimental data obtained in a real facility for a whole summer of operation (more than 100 tested days) in a Mediterranean climate (Alicante, Spain). According to the simulation results, the average Energy Efficiency Ratio (EER) of the system is 16.0, 10.7 and 7.8 in Barcelona, Madrid and Seville, respectively. The optimisation analysis has proven that the severity of the climatic region increases the costs as well as the optimum PV power to drive the AC unit. The obtained values for the the PV power and the annualised cost are 400 W and 506.2 € for Barcelona, 900 W and 536.7 € for Madrid, and 1300 W and 564.7 € for Seville. The annualised cost and the CO2 emission levels are higher for the conventional system (no PV panels) than for the solar on-grid system, regardless of the installed PV power. This difference can be up to 66.64 € (10.55%) and 112.94 kg CO2 (64.83%) per summer season in the case of Seville.

scholarly journals Economic Feasibility Analysis of PVAC and TAC of Three Typical Application Cases in China

Complexity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Dan Zhou ◽  
Haoran Wang ◽  
Cheng Zhang ◽  
Ke Sun ◽  
Hanyun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Cost Comparison ◽  
Air Conditioner ◽  
Air Conditioning System ◽  
Typical Application ◽  
Air Conditioners ◽  
Operation Conditions

Solar photovoltaic driven air conditioning (PVAC) system with electricity storage is proposed as a good solution to help shifting peak load and consuming solar energy. In this paper, a grid-connected PVAC system using the TRNSYS simulation model consisting of PV panels, traditional air conditioners (TAC), power conditioning units, inverters, and grid connection equipment is proposed to investigate the economic feasibility compared with the traditional air conditioner. In the PVAC system, the electricity, firstly generated by PV panels and then stored in battery, is consumed by a DC inverter air conditioner to maintain the temperature of the room and the surplus electricity is sold to the grid. A life cycle cost comparison between PVAC system, traditional air conditioning system, and decomposed PV and air conditioning systems of three typical application cases is conducted, in which the operation conditions are based on the present circumstances of China. The results show that, in comparison with conventional air conditioners, better economic benefits can be achieved when the peak load of the air conditioning system is over a certain value. Sensitivity analysis is conducted to evaluate the effects caused by variation of economic assumptions. At last, a new operation model is proposed to achieve more benefits for the system.

Thermal Efficiency Enhancement of an R-32 Air Conditioner and the Ultrasonic Wave Technique

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (03) ◽  
pp. 2050023
Author(s):  
Nattaporn Chaiyat
Keyword(s):  
Convective Heat Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Average Energy ◽  
Ultrasonic Waves ◽  
Air Conditioner ◽  
Efficiency Enhancement ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Air Conditioners ◽  
Testing Conditions ◽  
Wave Technique ◽  
Condensed Water

This work presents a technique to improve the thermal performance of an R-32 air conditioner by using ultrasonic waves. Two 1-TR air conditioners — one with and one without 40[Formula: see text]kHz/50[Formula: see text]W ultrasonic generators — were tested under controlled conditions in a 3.6[Formula: see text]m [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m room. The air temperature and humidity conditions entering the condenser and evaporator coils were controlled under 12 conditions to mimic the climate of Thailand. The testing results indicated that the average energy efficiency ratio (EER) of the modified ultrasonic R-32 air conditioner unit was 3.685[Formula: see text]kWth/kWe and the normal R-32 unit without the ultrasonic generators was 3.375[Formula: see text]kWth/kWe. The testing conditions also indicated that the cooling efficiency of the modified system could be increased by approximately 7.69%. Moreover, the convective heat transfer coefficient of the modified ultrasonic R-32 unit was approximately 17.36% higher than that of the normal R-32 unit without the ultrasonic generators because the ultrasonic waves could increase the turbulence in the refrigerant flow and decrease the condensed water at the fan coil unit. In terms of economic results, the payback period of the modified unit based on the climate of Thailand ranged from 0.8–1.2 y, leading to a savings in power consumption of approximately 400–620[Formula: see text]kWh/y.

scholarly journals Personal Atmosphere: Estimation of Air Conditioner Parameters for Personalizing Thermal Comfort

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 8067
Author(s):  
Tomohiro Mashita ◽  
Tetsuya Kanayama ◽  
Photchara Ratsamee
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Air Conditioner ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Air Conditioning System ◽  
Air Conditioners ◽  
Uniform Distributions ◽  
Machine Learning Model

Air conditioners enable a comfortable environment for people in a variety of scenarios. However, in the case of a room with multiple people, the specific comfort for a particular person is highly dependent on their clothes, metabolism, preference, and so on, and the ideal conditions for each person in a room can conflict with each other. An ideal way to resolve these kinds of conflicts is an intelligent air conditioning system that can independently control air temperature and flow at different areas in a room and then produce thermal comfort for multiple users, which we define as the personal preference of air flow and temperature. In this paper, we propose Personal Atmosphere, a machine learning based method to obtain parameters of air conditioners which generate non-uniform distributions of air temperature and flow in a room. In this method, two dimensional air-temperature and -flow distributions in a room are used as input to a machine learning model. These inputs can be considered a summary of each user’s preference. Then the model outputs a parameter set for air conditioners in a given room. We utilized ResNet-50 as the model and generated a data set of air temperature and flow distributions using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software. We then conducted evaluations with two rooms that have two and four air conditioners under the ceiling. We then confirmed that the estimated parameters of the air conditioners can generate air temperature and flow distributions close to those required in simulation. We also evaluated the performance of a ResNet-50 with fine tuning. This result shows that its learning time is significantly decreased, but performance is also decreased.

Exergy Analysis on a Split-Type Conditioner Using Ejector as an Expansion Device

2014 ◽  
Vol 699 ◽  
pp. 828-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumeru ◽  
Markus ◽  
Farid Nasir Ani ◽  
Henry Nasution
Keyword(s):  
Performance Improvement ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Exergy Analysis ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Air Conditioner ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Air Conditioning System ◽  
Air Conditioners ◽  
Exergy Losses

Air conditioning system consumes approximately 50% of the total energy consumption of buildings. Split-type air conditioner is the most widely used in residential and commercial buildings. As a result, enhancement on the performance of the air conditioners will yield a significant energy savings. The use of ejector as an expansion device on the split-type air conditioners is one method to increase the system performance. Exergy analysis on a split-type air conditioner uses an ejector as an expansion device at room and outdoor temperatures of 24 °C and 34 °C, respectively, yielded the percentage of exergy reduction up to 40.6%. Also, the exergy losses on in the compressor had the highest impact on the performance improvement of the split-type air conditioner.

Development of Heating and Cooling Local Air Conditioning System for Houses

2018 ◽  
Vol 931 ◽  
pp. 920-925
Author(s):  
Zohrab Melikyan ◽  
Naira Egnatosyan ◽  
Siranush Egnatosyan
Keyword(s):  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Air Conditioner ◽  
Air Conditioning System ◽  
Air Conditioners ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Air Conditioning Systems

Centralized air conditioning systems are widely used in buildings at present. In these conditioners, the outside air gets required temperature, humidity, purity, and other features, necessary for creating comfort microclimate in inside areas of houses, and by the help of fans and air ducts the processed air moves to all rooms of a building. As a result, the creation and maintenance of comfort conditions in buildings become complicated and expensive activity. From this point of view, it is becoming more expedient to install local air conditioners in each room instead of single central one for the whole building. For this reason new local air conditioner is developed.

Performance Evaluation of a Window Room Air Conditioner With Microchannel Condensers

2002 ◽  
Vol 124 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Man-Hoe Kim ◽  
Clark W. Bullard,
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Performance Tests ◽  
Air Conditioner ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Air Conditioning System ◽  
Baseline System ◽  
Inlet Conditions ◽  
Core Volume ◽  
System Characteristics

A performance evaluation for a residential window air conditioning system with microchannel condensers has been performed. First, a series of wind-tunnel calorimeter tests were conducted for two different prototype microchannel heat exchangers. The measured heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics for the heat exchangers were then compared to calculated value for four conventional finned round-tube designs, which were obtained using a validated simulation model for identical air and refrigerant inlet conditions. Finally, two prototype microchannel condensers are installed in the system and system performance tests were conducted. System characteristics such as capacity, energy efficiency ratio, and suction and discharge pressures and temperatures are presented, and compared with those for the conventional system. Refrigerant charge requirements for a window air conditioner with a microchannel condenser can be decreased by 35 percent compared to the conventional baseline system. The condenser core volume and weight can be reduced by 55 and 35 percent, respectively.

Feasibility of solar air conditioning system for Afghanistan’s climate

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-125
Author(s):  
Mohammad Azim Rasuli ◽  
Shuichi Torii
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Air Conditioner ◽  
Air Conditioning System ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Natural Energy ◽  
Solar Powered ◽  
Air Conditioning Systems

Among the broad varieties of power supply in Afghanistan such as city power produced from water dams, fuel generators, and imported electricity from neighboring countries, solar energy production is growing at a noticeable pace. Its preference is because of cost and sustainability perimeters. Given the climate of the country air conditioning inside buildings is required throughout the year, which is an important requirement for the comfort of its residents. Because it requires a great amount of energy, therefore, most companies are working on different principles to provide new products of solar air conditioning systems. The solar air conditioning system provides heating and cooling by utilizing solar energy. Recently, climate change and air pollution proved to be a major challenge for humans, and the current rate of resource consumption will result in a total depletion of natural energy resources in the earth. In this paper, we are assessing the feasibility study of solar-powered air conditioner technology in Afghanistan. Considering the weather of the country, there exists enormous potential for solar energy production. Afghanistan receives 4 – 6.5 kWh/m2 /day solar insolation on average with 300 sunny days a year. In conclusion, the air conditioning complication which can be addressed by solar energy production is sustainable, cost-effective, and environment-friendly manner in Afghanistan.

Solar Photovoltaic Direct-Driven Air Conditioning System Performance in Iraq

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (7A) ◽  
pp. 984-991
Author(s):  
Krar M. Kuder ◽  
Hashim A. Hussein ◽  
Ali H. Numan
Keyword(s):  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Pulse Width Modulation ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Experimental System ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Air Conditioner ◽  
Direct Drive ◽  
Air Conditioning System ◽  
Air Conditioners ◽  
Air Cooler

The present research paper is on photovoltaic air conditioning system using the direct drive method. The experimental system setup arranged in Iraq at Al-taje site at longitude 44.34 and latitude 33.432 during the summer season inside a room. The proposed off-grid system consists of an array of photovoltaic, battery used to store power, PWM (pulse width modulation) charge controller, and DC air cooler. During the examination of the system, proven success of this new type(dc air conditioner ) of client urges Iraq warm conditions as an alternative type used instead of the prevailing types of air conditioners (AC air conditioner )in Iraq which consume large amounts of electrical energy and gets a cooling system for the room full working on solar energy.                                                                                                                

Influence of the position of recessed outdoor units and louvre blade angle on the performance of split air conditioners

2021 ◽  
pp. 014362442110463
Author(s):  
Wufeng Jin ◽  
Cheng Wang ◽  
Yuebo Jiang ◽  
Liyue Ren ◽  
Bongsoo Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Obtuse Angle ◽  
Air Conditioner ◽  
Blade Angle ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Air Conditioners ◽  
Building Facades ◽  
Residential Air Conditioning ◽  
Air Conditioning Systems

In residential air conditioning systems, outdoor units are often installed in the recesses of building facades and shaded by louvres; however, different unit installation positions and louvre blade angles affect the thermal environment around the outdoor unit and the energy efficiency ratio (EER) of the air conditioner. In this study, the effects of the outdoor unit installation position and louvre blade angle on the EER when a single outdoor unit was installed in a recess were investigated by experiments on a 1.5 hp air conditioner (rated power of the air conditioner is 3.5 kW), and the influence of the spacing and angle between two outdoor units on the air conditioner EER when two outdoor units were installed in the same recess was explored. The results of the research indicate that when a single outdoor unit is installed in the recess, the EER increases with an increase in the distance between the inlet of the outdoor unit and the wall. To meet the three-level standard of air conditioner EERs, the distance between the inlet and wall needs to be greater than 300 mm. The EER first increased and then decreased slowly with the increase in the distance between the outdoor unit outlet and louvre; thus, the distance between the outlet and louvre should not be less than 300 mm. The EER first increased and then decreased with the increase in the blade angle, and thus, the blade angle should not be greater than 20°. When two outdoor units are installed in the same recess, each installation mode, “horizontal installation” (same height and collinear), “perpendicular installation” (same height and perpendicular), “angle installation” (same height and obtuse angle), and “up and down parallel installation” (different heights and parallel), has an optimum installation distance and angle.

scholarly journals Air Conditioning System using Air Cycle Machine (ACM) A Qualitative Validation

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 170-172
Keyword(s):  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Air Conditioner ◽  
Cooling Process ◽  
Ansys Fluent ◽  
Air Conditioning System ◽  
Air Conditioners ◽  
Air Cooling System ◽  
Air Conditioning Systems

The work is aimed to replace conventional refrigerants used in air cooling system with Air Cycle Machine (ACM). Commercial Air-conditioners uses the refrigerants (Freon-Gas cycle) to remove the indoor air from the room. Freon leakage causes health problems such as respiratory ailments, heart attack and circulatory collapse. Air conditioning systems made based on desiccants. Refrigerant poisoning results in Throat swelling, loss of vision, blood vomiting, blood in the stool, severe abdominal pain and even death is possible. This can be overcome by using air cycle cooling process instead of Freon as a phase changing material. Air Cycle Machine is the system used in aircraft cabin pressurization and cooling system which does not uses refrigerants in the cooling process. The analytical work carried out in this paper is to study the air conditioning system using Air Cycle Machine and investigate the air flow inside the room by giving the various inlet temperatures and the inlet velocity of the Air-conditioner. ANSYS-FLUENT 16.0 is used for the analytical study. A cabin enclosure was modeled and analyzed for different inlet temperatures and velocities and out coming cool air spread nature for the given conditions have been observed. The qualitative results of this study clearly evident the usage of Air Cycle Machine (ACM) is prominently reduces the room temperature than the refrigerant system and spreads the cool air throughout the enclosed room makes a comfortable environment and this would not leads to any health hazards. Thus this study is certain to use Air Cycle Machine (ACM) for the cabin cooling system rather than refrigerants.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document