scholarly journals Assessing Crop Water Requirements and a Case for Renewable-Energy-Powered Pumping System for Wheat, Cotton, and Sorghum Crops in Sudan

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (23) ◽  
pp. 8133
Author(s):  
Zafar A. Khan ◽  
Muhammad Imran ◽  
Jamal Umer ◽  
Saeed Ahmed ◽  
Ogheneruona E. Diemuodeke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Crop Water ◽  
Water Shortages ◽  
Water Requirements ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Crop Water Requirements

Climate change is changing global weather patterns, with an increase in droughts expected to impact crop yields due to water scarcity. Crops can be provided with water via underground pumping systems to mitigate water shortages. However, the energy required to pump water tends to be expensive and hazardous to the environment. This paper explores different sites in Sudan to assess the crop water requirements as the first stage of developing renewable energy sources based on water pumping systems. The crop water requirements are calculated for different crops using the CROPWAT and CLIMWAT simulation tools from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations. Further, the crop water requirements are translated into electrical energy requirements. Accurate calculations of the energy needed will help in developing cost-effective energy systems that can help in improving yields and reducing carbon emissions. The results suggest that the northern regions tend to have higher energy demands and that the potential for renewable energy should be explored in these regions, which are more susceptible to drought and where crops tend to be under higher stress due to adverse climate conditions.

scholarly journals A Sizing Method for PV–Battery–Generator Systems for Off-Grid Applications Based on the LCOE

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1988
Author(s):  
Ioannis E. Kosmadakis ◽  
Costas Elmasides
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
Diesel Generator ◽  
Levelized Cost Of Electricity ◽  
Sufficient Power ◽  
Battery Energy

Electricity supply in nonelectrified areas can be covered by distributed renewable energy systems. The main disadvantage of these systems is the intermittent and often unpredictable nature of renewable energy sources. Moreover, the temporal distribution of renewable energy may not match that of energy demand. Systems that combine photovoltaic modules with electrical energy storage (EES) can eliminate the above disadvantages. However, the adoption of such solutions is often financially prohibitive. Therefore, all parameters that lead to a functionally reliable and self-sufficient power generation system should be carefully considered during the design phase of such systems. This study proposes a sizing method for off-grid electrification systems consisting of photovoltaics (PV), batteries, and a diesel generator set. The method is based on the optimal number of PV panels and battery energy capacity whilst minimizing the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) for a period of 25 years. Validations against a synthesized load profile produced grid-independent systems backed by different accumulator technologies, with LCOEs ranging from 0.34 EUR/kWh to 0.46 EUR/kWh. The applied algorithm emphasizes a parameter of useful energy as a key output parameter for which the solar harvest is maximized in parallel with the minimization of the LCOE.

A modelling platform for climate change impact on local and regional crop water requirements

2021 ◽  
Vol 255 ◽  
pp. 107005
Author(s):  
Sara Masia ◽  
Antonio Trabucco ◽  
Donatella Spano ◽  
Richard L. Snyder ◽  
Janez Sušnik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Impact ◽  
Crop Water ◽  
Water Requirements ◽  
Crop Water Requirements ◽  
Change Impact

scholarly journals Cyber-Physical Systems Improving Building Energy Management: Digital Twin and Artificial Intelligence

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2338
Author(s):  
Sofia Agostinelli ◽  
Fabrizio Cumo ◽  
Giambattista Guidi ◽  
Claudio Tomazzoli
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Automation System ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Digital Twin ◽  
Building Energy Management ◽  
Computing Paradigm

The research explores the potential of digital-twin-based methods and approaches aimed at achieving an intelligent optimization and automation system for energy management of a residential district through the use of three-dimensional data model integrated with Internet of Things, artificial intelligence and machine learning. The case study is focused on Rinascimento III in Rome, an area consisting of 16 eight-floor buildings with 216 apartment units powered by 70% of self-renewable energy. The combined use of integrated dynamic analysis algorithms has allowed the evaluation of different scenarios of energy efficiency intervention aimed at achieving a virtuous energy management of the complex, keeping the actual internal comfort and climate conditions. Meanwhile, the objective is also to plan and deploy a cost-effective IT (information technology) infrastructure able to provide reliable data using edge-computing paradigm. Therefore, the developed methodology led to the evaluation of the effectiveness and efficiency of integrative systems for renewable energy production from solar energy necessary to raise the threshold of self-produced energy, meeting the nZEB (near zero energy buildings) requirements.

Satellite based calculation of spatially distributed crop water requirements for cotton and wheat cultivation in Fergana Valley, Uzbekistan

2013 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
pp. 88-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Conrad ◽  
Maren Rahmann ◽  
Miriam Machwitz ◽  
Galina Stulina ◽  
Heiko Paeth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Water ◽  
Water Requirements ◽  
Crop Water Requirements ◽  
Wheat Cultivation ◽  
Spatially Distributed

Power Cycles of Generation III and III+ Nuclear Power Plants

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey Dragunov ◽  
Eugene Saltanov ◽  
Igor Pioro ◽  
Pavel Kirillov ◽  
Romney Duffey
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Thermal Power Plants

It is well known that the electrical-power generation is the key factor for advances in any other industries, agriculture and level of living. In general, electrical energy can be generated by: 1) non-renewable-energy sources such as coal, natural gas, oil, and nuclear; and 2) renewable-energy sources such as hydro, wind, solar, biomass, geothermal and marine. However, the main sources for electrical-energy generation are: 1) thermal - primary coal and secondary natural gas; 2) “large” hydro and 3) nuclear. The rest of the energy sources might have visible impact just in some countries. Modern advanced thermal power plants have reached very high thermal efficiencies (55–62%). In spite of that they are still the largest emitters of carbon dioxide into atmosphere. Due to that, reliable non-fossil-fuel energy generation, such as nuclear power, becomes more and more attractive. However, current Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs) are way behind by thermal efficiency (30–42%) compared to that of advanced thermal power plants. Therefore, it is important to consider various ways to enhance thermal efficiency of NPPs. The paper presents comparison of thermodynamic cycles and layouts of modern NPPs and discusses ways to improve their thermal efficiencies.

DEVELOPMENT OF CONSTRUCTION OF THREE-INPUT GENERATING INSTALLATIONS ON BASED OF RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Я.М. КАШИН ◽  
Л.Е. КОПЕЛЕВИЧ ◽  
А.В. САМОРОДОВ ◽  
Ч. ПЭН
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Output Voltage ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Voltage Regulator ◽  
The Sun

Описаны конструктивные особенности трехвходовой аксиальной генераторной установки (ТАГУ), преобразующей кинетическую энергию ветра и световую энергию солнца и суммирующей механическую, световую и тепловую энергию с одновременным преобразованием полученной суммарной энергии в электрическую. Показаны преимущества ТАГУ перед двухвходовыми генераторными установками. Дополнительное включение стабилизатора напряжения в схему ТАГУ позволило расширить область применения стабилизированной трехвходовой аксиальной генераторной установки за счет стабилизации ее выходного напряжения. The design features of the three-input axial generating installation (TAGI), which converts the kinetic energy of wind and light energy of the sun and sums the mechanical, light and thermal energy with the simultaneous conversion of the total energy into electrical energy, are described. The benefits of TAGI in front of the two-input generating installation shown. The additional introduction of a voltage regulator into the TAGI scheme allowed to expand the scope of the stabilized three-input axial generating installation by stabilizing its output voltage.

Past and future changes in regional crop water requirements in Northwest China

2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 2203-2215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyan Song ◽  
Songbai Song ◽  
Zhi Li ◽  
Wenbin Liu ◽  
Jiuyi Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Northwest China ◽  
Crop Water ◽  
Water Requirements ◽  
Crop Water Requirements
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