scholarly journals Design and Implementation of an Intelligent Blade Pitch Control System and Stability Analysis for a Small Darrieus Vertical-Axis Wind Turbine

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 235
Author(s):  
Gebreel Abdalrahman ◽  
Mohamed A. Daoud ◽  
William W. Melek ◽  
Fue-Sang Lien ◽  
Eugene Yee
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Stability Analysis ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Pitch Angle ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Prototype Model ◽  
Vertical Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Pitch Control ◽  
Hybrid Controller ◽  
The Stability

A few studies have been conducted recently in order to improve the aerodynamic performance of Darrieus vertical-axis wind turbines with straight blades (H-type VAWTs). The blade pitch angle control is proposed to enhance the performance of H-type VAWTs. This paper aims to investigate the performance of an H-type VAWT in terms of its power output and self-starting capability using an intelligent blade pitch control strategy based on a multi-layer perceptron artificial neural network (MLP-ANN) method. The performance of the proposed blade pitch controller is investigated by adding a conventional controller (PID) to the MLP-ANN controller (i.e., a hybrid controller). The dynamics of an H-type VAWT is mathematically modeled in a nonlinear state space for the stability analysis in the sense of Lyapunov. The effectiveness of the proposed pitch control system is validated by building an H-type VAWT prototype model that is extensively tested outdoors under different conditions for both fixed and variable pitch angle configurations. Results demonstrated that the blade-pitching technique enhanced the power output of an H-type VAWT by approximately 22%. The hybrid controller that used a high percentage of the MLP-ANN controller achieved a better control performance by reducing the overshoot of the control response at high rotor speeds.

scholarly journals Experimental analysis of vertical axis wind turbine active pitch control system with Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor using MATLAB Simulink tools

Energetika ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomas Komass
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Test Bench ◽  
Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Vertical Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Matlab Simulink ◽  
Pitch Control ◽  
Pitch System

Efficient vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) technology is a key topic for the future wind energy market. At the moment, VAWTs are seldom used for electricity production. The development of new technologies for building a new generation of VAWTs, which will be more efficient, user-friendly, and with very low noise pollution levels is the target for many researchers. The goal of this research was to analyse an active pitch control system in an experimental setting through construction of an active pitch control system test bench using a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) and to develop new testing programmes for analytical system performance tests. The  current commercial turbines do not carry an active pitch system for a VAWT; however, the concept of an active turbine blade pitching opens new opportunities for boosting the efficiency, safety, and user-friendliness of VAWTs. The  research consists of the  mathematical model and control system operating in a simulation environment in a closed loop with the test bench setup consisting of an active pitch control system. By applying a specially developed VAWT simulation model implemented in MATLAB Simulink, an active pitch system was tested and analysed under various conditions, which were as close as possible to the real-world operating conditions. The results of the testing and analysis show that an active pitch system using the PMSM can be very efficient and fast-operating. An active pitch system is able to work on the needed conditions by using the PMSM. Analysis shows that while using the PMSM for a turbine active pitch system, certain conditions should be taken into account in order to achieve the best results and to reduce costs. Full and effective use of active pitch system components can improve VAWT performance.

Active Blade Pitch Control for Straight Bladed Darrieus Vertical Axis Wind Turbine of New Design

2013 ◽  
Vol 569-570 ◽  
pp. 668-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.D. Chougule ◽  
S.R.K. Nielsen ◽  
Biswajit Basu
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Pitch Angle ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Power Coefficient ◽  
Vertical Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Stream Tube ◽  
Pitch Control ◽  
Low Wind Speed ◽  
Blade Pitch Angle

As Development of smallvertical axis wind turbines (VAWT) for urban use is becoming an interestingtopic both within industry and academia. However, there are few new designs ofvertical axis turbines which are customized for building integration. These aregetting importance because they operate at low rotational speed producing veryless noise during operation, although these are less efficient than HorizontalAxis Wind Turbines (HAWT). The efficiency of a VAWT has been significantlyimproved by H-Darrieus VAWT design based on double airfoil technology asdemonstrated by the authors in a previous publication. Further, it is well knowthat the variation of the blade pitch angle during the rotation improves thepower efficiency. A blade pitch variation is implemented by active blade pitchcontrol, which operates as per wind speed and position of the blade withrespect to the rotor. A double multiple stream tube method is used to determinethe performance of the H-Darrieus VAWT. The power coefficient is compared withthat of a fixed pitch and a variable pitch double airfoil blade VAWT. It isdemonstrated that an improvement in power coefficient by 20% is achieved andthe turbine could start at low wind speed

scholarly journals H-Darrieus Wind Turbine with Blade Pitch Control

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Paraschivoiu ◽  
O. Trifu ◽  
F. Saeed
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Pitch Angle ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Circular Path ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Vertical Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Local Flow ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Pitch Control ◽  
Optimal Variation

A procedure for computing the optimal variation of the blades' pitch angle of an H-Darrieus wind turbine that maximizes its torque at given operational conditions is proposed and presented along with the results obtained on a 7 kW prototype. The CARDAAV code, based on the “Double-Multiple Streamtube” model developed by the first author, is used to determine the performances of the straight-bladed vertical axis wind turbine. This was coupled with a genetic algorithm optimizer. The azimuthal variation of the blades' pitch angle is modeled with an analytical function whose coefficients are used as variables in the optimization process. Two types of variations were considered for the pitch angle: a simple sinusoidal one and one which is more general, relating closely the blades' pitch to the local flow conditions along their circular path. A gain of almost 30% in the annual energy production was obtained with the polynomial optimal pitch control.

Numerical Study of Pitch Angle on H-Type Vertical Axis Wind Turbine

2012 ◽  
Vol 499 ◽  
pp. 259-264
Author(s):  
Qi Yao ◽  
Ying Xue Yao ◽  
Liang Zhou ◽  
S.Y. Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Pitch Angle ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Azimuth Angle ◽  
Power Coefficient ◽  
Cfd Model ◽  
Vertical Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Sliding Mesh ◽  
Mesh Technique

This paper presents a simulation study of an H-type vertical axis wind turbine. Two dimensional CFD model using sliding mesh technique was generated to help understand aerodynamics performance of this wind turbine. The effect of the pith angle on H-type vertical axis wind turbine was studied based on the computational model. As a result, this wind turbine could get the maximum power coefficient when pitch angle adjusted to a suited angle, furthermore, the effects of pitch angle and azimuth angle on single blade were investigated. The results will provide theoretical supports on study of variable pitch of wind turbine.

Coupled Dynamics of a Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT) With Active Blade Pitch Control on a Semi-Submersible Floater

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebert Vlasveld ◽  
Fons Huijs ◽  
Feike Savenije ◽  
Benoît Paillard
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Velocity ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Power Production ◽  
Mooring Line ◽  
Vertical Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Coupled Dynamics ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Pitch Control ◽  
Thrust And Torque

A vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) typically has a low position of the center of gravity and a large allowable tilt angle, which could allow for a relatively small floating support structure. Normally however, the drawback of large loads on the VAWT rotor during parked survival conditions limits the extent to which the floater size can be reduced. If active blade pitch control is applied to the VAWT, this drawback can be mitigated and the benefits can be fully utilized. The coupled dynamics of a 6 MW VAWT with active blade pitch control supported by a GustoMSC Tri-Floater semi-submersible floater have been simulated using coupled aero-hydro-servo-elastic software. The applied blade pitch control during power production results in a steady-state thrust curve which is more comparable to a HAWT, with the maximum thrust occurring at rated wind velocity. During power production, floater motions occur predominantly at low frequencies. These low frequency motions are caused by variations in the wind velocity and consequently the rotor thrust and torque. For the parked survival condition, it is illustrated that active blade pitch control can be used to effectively reduce dynamic load variations on the rotor and minimize floater motions and mooring line tensions.

Gain-phase margins-based delay-dependent stability analysis of pitch control system of large wind turbines

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (13) ◽  
pp. 3626-3636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omer Turksoy ◽  
Saffet Ayasun ◽  
Yakup Hames ◽  
Sahin Sonmez
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Stability Analysis ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Time Domain ◽  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
Pitch Control ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Delay Dependent ◽  
Delay Dependent Stability ◽  
Large Wind

This paper investigates the effect of gain and phase margins (GPMs) on the delay-dependent stability analysis of the pitch control system (PCS) of large wind turbines (LWTs) with time delays. A frequency-domain based exact method that takes into account both GPMs is utilized to determine stability delay margins in terms of system and controller parameters. A gain-phase margin tester (GPMT) is introduced to the PCS to take into GPMs in delay margin computation. For a wide range of proportional–integral controller gains, time delay values at which the PCS is both stable and have desired stability margin measured by GPMs are computed. The accuracy of stability delay margins is verified by an independent algorithm, Quasi-Polynomial Mapping Based Rootfinder (QPmR) and time-domain simulations. The time-domain simulation studies also indicate that delay margins must be determined considering GPMs to have a better dynamic performance in term of fast damping of oscillations, less overshoot and settling time.

scholarly journals Kinematics of a vertical axis wind turbine with a variable pitch angle

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateusz Jakubowski ◽  
Roman Starosta ◽  
Pawel Fritzkowski
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Pitch Angle ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Vertical Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Variable Pitch

A Towing Test of a Floating Type VAMT With Cycloidal Pitch-Controlled Blades

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoki Ikoma ◽  
Hiroaki Eto ◽  
Koichi Masuda ◽  
Atsuhiro Oguchi
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Current Velocity ◽  
Tidal Current ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Floating Structure ◽  
Current Generation ◽  
Variable Pitch ◽  
Pitch Control ◽  
Tidal Current Velocity ◽  
Vertical Axis Turbine

Sea areas around the Japanese Islands which is feasible for tidal current generation are not a lot because sea sites where tidal current velocity is above 2.0 m/s are a few. We can find such sea sites at a west side of the Kyushu Island especially. However, we would earn electrical energy to be generated if it is able to generate electricity long time using around 1.0 m/s in current velocity. A vertical axis turbine should be better than horizontal axis types because VATs can take relatively higher torque. It is very useful that we can set and control a marine turbine to be higher performance in various current velocity. The present study introduce variable pitch-control system to a vertical axis turbine for tidal current generation. The pitch-control system adapts a cycloidal mechanism so that to vary pitch angle of turbine blades is conducted mechanically. The study developed a vertical axis marine turbine with cycloidal pitch-controlled three blades which was based on previous studies and experimental data. The diameter of the turbine is 1.0 m, length of a blade is 1.3 m. The turbine was set on a floating structure in order to carry out towing tests at a sea. We obtained several kinds of data from the towing tests, which were turbine torque, the number of rotation of the turbine, output power from an electrical generator and acceleration of the floating structure. As a result, the turbine made 50 W power from the generator. Although the PTO was not so large, the pitch-control was effective very much. Some issues were found at the same time. We need to consider and develop more useful gears, assemble methods to be feasible of variable pitch system.

scholarly journals Experimental investigation of a variable geometry vertical axis wind turbine

2020 ◽  
pp. 0309524X2093513
Author(s):  
Simon A Prince ◽  
Carmine Badalamenti ◽  
Dimitar Georgiev
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Pitch Angle ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Reynolds Numbers ◽  
Variable Geometry ◽  
Vertical Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Tunnel Experiments ◽  
Electrical Generator ◽  
Turbine Design

An experimental study is presented on the performance of a vertical axis wind turbine with variable blade geometry of the design developed by Austin Farrah. This is experimentally compared with the performance of a correspondingly sized Bach-type Savonius turbine using the same electrical generator and measurement instrumentation in a wind tunnel. Experiments were performed for Reynolds numbers, based on blade chord, in the range 5 × 103 to 1 × 105, and for blade settings between −40° and +40o. The study shows that for the tip speed ratios that have been investigated, the Farrah vertical axis wind turbine design can only marginally outperform a corresponding two-bladed Bach-type Savonius turbine and then only when its blades are set to 40° pitch angle. The presence of a small inner cylinder, which rotates with the turbine, does not enhance its performance due to the fact that it is immersed in an extensive column of relatively static air.

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