scholarly journals Pollination Contribution Differs among Insects Visiting Cardiocrinum cordatum Flowers

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 452
Author(s):  
Riko Komamura ◽  
Kohei Koyama ◽  
Takeo Yamauchi ◽  
Yasuo Konno ◽  
Lingshuang Gu
Keyword(s):  
Temperate Forest ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Perennial Herb ◽  
Sweat Bee ◽  
Episyrphus Balteatus ◽  
Flower Visitors ◽  
Myrmica Ruginodis ◽  
Cool Temperate Forest ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Flower Visiting

(1) Background: Cardiocrinum cordatum (Thunb.) Makino (Liliaceae) is a forest perennial herb distributed in East Asia. Although flower visitors for this plant species have been well reported, their contribution to pollination remains unknown. (2) Methods: We evaluated pollination contribution for visitors of C. cordatum flowers in a natural cool temperate forest. We investigated visiting frequency, the number of pollen grains per body surface, fruit set, and the mean number of seeds per fruit produced after a single visit of each visiting species. Combining the results of these experiments, we determined the most important pollinators of this species. (3) Results: For the population investigated in the study, the three most essential pollinators were the bumblebee (Bombus diversus tersatus) (Apidae), sweat bee (Halictidae sp.), and marmalade hoverfly (Episyrphus balteatus) (Syrphidae). Additionally, we found that the contribution of a flower-visiting ant species (Myrmica ruginodis Nylander (s.l.)) (Formicidae) is small. (4) Conclusions: Pollinator contributions differed among flower visitors. Our results underscore the insufficiency of current information about flower-visiting species to evaluate pollination contribution.

Spatial associations among major tree species in a cool-temperate forest community under heterogeneous topography and canopy conditions

2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Torimaru ◽  
Shinji Akada ◽  
Kiyoshi Ishida ◽  
Shuichi Matsuda ◽  
Machiko Narita
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Temperate Forest ◽  
Forest Community ◽  
Spatial Associations ◽  
Cool Temperate ◽  
Cool Temperate Forest

scholarly journals Studies on the Structure of Flowers and Inflorescences of Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas L.)

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cevriye MERT
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Flower Morphology ◽  
Flower Number ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Cornelian Cherry ◽  
Cornus Mas ◽  
Conducting Tissue ◽  
Stereo Microscope ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Scanning Electron

This study reports on the arrangement of flower buds and structure of floral organs of cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) cultivars local to Turkey. The local cultivars were investigated under stereo microscope, light microscope, and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results indicate that each node has two oppositely positioned buds on 1-year-old shoot. Inflorescences resembled the umbel structure that enclosed four (two sets of oppositely oriented) bud scales. The mean flower number varied between 16.3 and 19.9 per cluster among the cultivars. The flowers resembled the hermaphrodite type and one flower was found to have four rudimentary sepals, four petals, four stamens, and one pistil. The stamens were noted to be arranged around the base of the ovary. Each normal anther was observed to have two pollen-producing theca, and each theca was found to have two locules. The number of pollen grains per anther varied between 1380 and 4240 among the genotypes. The pistil was noted to have a deeply hollowed papillate stigmatic surface, and the central part of the style had conducting tissue. The ovarium part of the pistil was found to be surrounded by the nectary tissue, inferior type, and had two atropous ovules. The fruit resembled single-seeded, stone fruit type. This study is the first detailed study on the flower morphology and inflorescences of the cornelian cherry cultivars in Turkey.

scholarly journals The floriphilic katydid, Phaneroptera brevis, is a frequent flower visitor of non-native, flowering forbs

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
Ming Kai Tan ◽  
Hui Lee ◽  
Hugh Tiang Wah Tan
Keyword(s):  
Model Organism ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Plant Species Richness ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Pollination Services ◽  
Resource Concentration ◽  
Flower Visitors ◽  
Resource Concentration Hypothesis ◽  
Flower Visitation ◽  
Flower Visiting

Distribution of consumers in a patch of vegetation can be predicted by resource availability and explained by the resource-concentration and optimal-foraging hypotheses. These hypotheses have not been explored for flower-visiting Orthoptera because they are deemed less economically or ecologically important. Some flower-visiting orthopterans can provide pollination services, which warrants more attention. We studied a Singaporean, floriphilic katydid, Phaneropterabrevis, to investigate the following questions: 1) how frequently does P.brevis visit flowers compared to other flower visitors and 2) what factors predict the abundance of P.brevis? We collected abundance data for P.brevis and other flower-visiting arthropods and quantified seven environmental parameters, including flower abundance and host-plant species richness. We found that P.brevis frequents flowers significantly more often than some common and expected flower visitors such as hoverflies. In line with the prediction of the resource-concentration hypothesis, the abundance of P.brevis was positively correlated with a higher flower abundance. Owing to the limited information on unexpected wild flower visitors and pollinators, especially from the understudied tropics of Southeast Asia, we propose that P.brevis can be a model organism for future studies to answer fundamental questions on flower visitation.

Upper canopy pollinators of Eucryphia cordifolia Cav., a tree of South American temperate rain forest

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Smith-Ramírez ◽  
Paula Martínez ◽  
Iván Díaz ◽  
Marcelo Galaz ◽  
Juan J. Armesto
Keyword(s):  
Rain Forest ◽  
Temperate Forest ◽  
Forest Canopy ◽  
Forest Understory ◽  
South American ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Flower Visitors ◽  
Temperate Rain Forest ◽  
Tall Tree ◽  
Pollinator Assemblage

Ecological processes in the upper canopy of temperate forests have been seldom studied because of the limited accessibility. Here, we present the results of the first survey of the pollinator assemblage and the frequency of insect visits to flowers in the upper branches of ulmo, Eucryphia cordifolia Cav., an emergent 30-40 m-tall tree in rainforests of Chiloé Island, Chile. We compared these findings with a survey of flower visitors restricted to lower branches of E. cordifolia 1- in the forest understory, 2- in lower branches in an agroforestry area. We found 10 species of pollinators in canopy, and eight, 12 and 15 species in understory, depending of tree locations. The main pollinators of E. cordifolia in the upper canopy differed significantly from the pollinator assemblage recorded in lower tree branches. We conclude that the pollinator assemblages of the temperate forest canopy and interior are still unknown.

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