Assessing the Effect of Age and Geomorphic Setting on Organic Carbon Accumulation in High-Latitude Human-Planted Mangroves

Mangroves are highly productive blue carbon ecosystems that preserve high organic carbon concentrations in soils. In this study, particle size, bulk elemental composition and stable carbon isotope were determined for the sediment cores collected from the landward and seaward sides of two mangrove forests of different ages (M1, ca. 60; M2, ca. 4 years old) to determine the effects of geomorphic setting and age (L1 = old mangrove and S1 = salt marsh stand in M1; L2 = young mangrove and S2 = bare mudflat in M2) on sediments and organic carbon accumulation. The objective of this study was to determine the feasibility of the northernmost human-planted mangroves in China to accumulate sediment and carbon. Our results showed that fine-grained materials were preserved well in the interior part of the mangroves, and the capacity to capture fine-grained materials increased as the forest aged. The biogeochemical properties (C/N: 5.9 to 10.8; δ13C: −21.60‰ to −26.07‰) indicated that the local organic carbon pool was composed of a mixture of autochthonous and allochthonous sources. Moreover, the accumulation of organic carbon increased with the forest age. The interior part of the old mangrove had the highest organic carbon stock (81.93 Mg Corg ha−1). These findings revealed that mangrove reforestation had positive effects on sediments and organic carbon accretion.

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Sediment and carbon accumulation in a glacial lake in Chukotka (Arctic Siberia) during the Late Pleistocene and Holocene: combining hydroacoustic profiling and down-core analyses

Biogeosciences ◽

10.5194/bg-18-4791-2021 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (16) ◽

pp. 4791-4816

Author(s):

Stuart A. Vyse ◽

Ulrike Herzschuh ◽

Gregor Pfalz ◽

Lyudmila A. Pestryakova ◽

Bernhard Diekmann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Carbon ◽

Total Organic Carbon ◽

Sediment Core ◽

Boreal Lakes ◽

Carbon Accumulation ◽

Carbon Budgets ◽

Accumulation Rates ◽

Glacial Lakes ◽

Organic Carbon Pool ◽

Arctic Siberia

Abstract. Lakes act as important sinks for inorganic and organic sediment components. However, investigations of sedimentary carbon budgets within glacial lakes are currently absent from Arctic Siberia. The aim of this paper is to provide the first reconstruction of accumulation rates, sediment and carbon budgets from a lacustrine sediment core from Lake Rauchuagytgyn, Chukotka (Arctic Siberia). We combined multiple sediment biogeochemical and sedimentological parameters from a radiocarbon-dated 6.5 m sediment core with lake basin hydroacoustic data to derive sediment stratigraphy, sediment volumes and infill budgets. Our results distinguished three principal sediment and carbon accumulation regimes that could be identified across all measured environmental proxies including early Marine Isotope Stage 2 (MIS2) (ca. 29–23.4 ka cal BP), mid-MIS2–early MIS1 (ca. 23.4–11.69 ka cal BP) and the Holocene (ca. 11.69–present). Estimated organic carbon accumulation rates (OCARs) were higher within Holocene sediments (average 3.53 g OC m−2 a−1) than Pleistocene sediments (average 1.08 g OC m−2 a−1) and are similar to those calculated for boreal lakes from Quebec and Finland and Lake Baikal but significantly lower than Siberian thermokarst lakes and Alberta glacial lakes. Using a bootstrapping approach, we estimated the total organic carbon pool to be 0.26 ± 0.02 Mt and a total sediment pool of 25.7 ± 1.71 Mt within a hydroacoustically derived sediment volume of ca. 32 990 557 m3. The total organic carbon pool is substantially smaller than Alaskan yedoma, thermokarst lake sediments and Alberta glacial lakes but shares similarities with Finnish boreal lakes. Temporal variability in sediment and carbon accumulation dynamics at Lake Rauchuagytgyn is controlled predominantly by palaeoclimate variation that regulates lake ice-cover dynamics and catchment glacial, fluvial and permafrost processes through time. These processes, in turn, affect catchment and within-lake primary productivity as well as catchment soil development. Spatial differences compared to other lake systems at a trans-regional scale likely relate to the high-latitude, mountainous location of Lake Rauchuagytgyn.

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Organic carbon accumulation and metabolic pathways in sediments of mangrove forests in southern Thailand

Marine Geology ◽

10.1016/s0025-3227(01)00195-5 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 179 (1-2) ◽

pp. 85-103 ◽

Cited By ~ 125

Author(s):

D.M Alongi ◽

G Wattayakorn ◽

J Pfitzner ◽

F Tirendi ◽

I Zagorskis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Carbon ◽

Metabolic Pathways ◽

Carbon Accumulation ◽

Mangrove Forests ◽

Southern Thailand

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Quantification of Sedimentary Organic Carbon Storage and Turnover of Tidal Mangrove Stands in Southern China Based on Carbon Isotopic Measurements

Radiocarbon ◽

10.1017/s003382220004858x ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 55 (3) ◽

pp. 1665-1674 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

J P Zhang ◽

W X Yi ◽

C D Shen ◽

P Ding ◽

X F Ding ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Carbon ◽

Southern China ◽

Sediment Cores ◽

Great Influence ◽

Mangrove Forests ◽

Bruguiera Gymnorrhiza ◽

Microbial Decomposition ◽

Sedimentary Organic Carbon ◽

Subsurface Layers ◽

Isotopic Measurements

Mangrove ecosystems are highly productive and play an important role in tropical and global coastal carbon (C) budgets. However, sedimentary organic carbon (SOC) storage and turnover in mangrove forests are still poorly understood. Based on C isotopic measurements of sediment cores of 2 mangrove stands in southern China, SOC density was 431.77 Mg ha−1 at site 1 (a Aegiceras corniculatum-dominated high tidal stand) and 243.65 Mg ha−1 in site 2 (a Bruguiera gymnorrhiza + Kandelia candel-dominated middle tidal stand). SOC δ13C values at both mangrove sites ranged from -29.4% to −26.0%. SOC δ13C was enriched with depth at 20–50 cm at site 1, which possibly resulted from preferential microbial decomposition. SOC δ13C at site 2 experienced frequent tidal flushing, and presented relatively stable values with depth. A bomb-14C-based SOC turnover model indicated that turnover times of SOC at 20–50 cm at site 1 were 4.44–26.04 yr. Modern C input from abundant roots might account for the very short SOC turnover times at these subsurface layers. As a result, our study suggested that tidal processes had a great influence on SOC storage and turnover in mangrove forests.

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SEDIMENT CARBON STOCK OF WEST KALIMANTAN MANGROVE FORESTS

Marine Research in Indonesia ◽

10.14203/mri.v44i1.545 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

pp. 27-35

Author(s):

Tia Nuraya ◽

Alan Frendy Koropitan ◽

A'an Johan Wahyudi

Keyword(s):

Organic Carbon ◽

Carbon Stock ◽

High Tide ◽

Organic Carbon Content ◽

Mangrove Forests ◽

Dominant Type ◽

West Kalimantan ◽

Riverine Input ◽

Sediment Carbon ◽

Organic Carbon Stock

We investigate variation in sediment carbon stock at Mempawah and Bakau Besar in West Kalimantan by analyzing organic carbon content from sediment samples taken within 20 cm depth. Our results show that organic carbon stock of sediments in Bakau Besar is generally higher than in Mempawah that may be due to riverine input of organic carbon into the mangrove forests. The riverine input of organic carbon is influenced tides, in which we find that organic carbon loads are higher during high tide compared to low tide. In particular, we find high organic carbon contents at a station in Mempawah (Station 3; 6.46 ± 0.23 tons C/ha) and another station in Bakau Besar (Station 2; 14.93 ± 1.43 tons C/ha). These two stations have mangrove density of 13,519 individuals/ha and 9,928 individuals/ha, respectively. We conclude that high organic carbon is influenced by riverine input as well as a high density of mangrove and the dominant type of mangrove vegetation at the sites.

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Carbon Sequestration Rate Estimates in Delaware Bay and Barnegat Bay Tidal Wetlands Using Interpolation Mapping

Data ◽

10.3390/data5010011 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 11

Author(s):

Champlin ◽

Velinsky ◽

Tucker ◽

Sommerfield ◽

Laurent ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spatial Analysis ◽

Carbon Sequestration ◽

Organic Carbon ◽

Sediment Cores ◽

Delaware Bay ◽

Carbon Accumulation ◽

Tidal Wetlands ◽

Accumulation Rates ◽

Barnegat Bay ◽

Carbon Accumulation Rates

Quantifying carbon sequestration by tidal wetlands is important for the management of carbon stocks as part of climate change mitigation. This data publication includes a spatial analysis of carbon accumulation rates in Barnegat and Delaware Bay tidal wetlands. One method calculated long-term organic carbon accumulation rates from radioisotope-dated (Cs-137) sediment cores. The second method measured organic carbon density of sediment accumulated above feldspar marker beds. Carbon accumulation rates generated by these two methods were interpolated across emergent wetland areas, using kriging, with uncertainty estimated by leave-one-out cross validation. This spatial analysis revealed greater carbon sequestration within Delaware, compared to Barnegat Bay. Sequestration rates were found to be more variable within Delaware Bay, and rates were greatest in the tidal freshwater area of the upper bay.

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Biogenic Silica and Organic Carbon Records in Zhoushan Coastal Sea over the Past One Hundred Years and Their Environmental Indications

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17113890 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (11) ◽

pp. 3890

Author(s):

Hao Xu ◽

Shangwei Jiang ◽

Jialin Li ◽

Ruiliang Pu ◽

Jia Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Carbon ◽

Primary Productivity ◽

Biogenic Silica ◽

Sediment Cores ◽

Stable Carbon Isotope ◽

Offshore Area ◽

Northern Area ◽

The Past ◽

Southern Area ◽

Coastal Sea

The influence of terrestrial and marine input has dramatically changed eutrophication in coastal seas over the past 100 years. In this study, Zhoushan coastal sea (ZCS) is taken as a study area. We studied ZCS as it is a sink of the temporal and spatial variation of primary productivity, dominant species of algae, and the variation of provenance in this area over the past 100 years. We performed analysis using three sediment cores and the carbon and silicon deposition records. The analysis results demonstrate that: (1) The primary productivity in the northern area of the ZCS close to the Yangtze Estuary was the highest comparatively, but it declined slightly before 2010. The primary productivity in the southern area had an increasing trend over the past 100 years. The value of total organic carbon (TOC) in the northern area was relatively high, with an average value of 0.532% over the past 100 years, with a decreasing trend in recent years. On the contrary, TOC in the southern area was relatively low, but it was increased dramatically after 1995. (2) Diatom might play an important role in the variations. The biogenic silica (BSi) and TOC in the northern area showed a synchronous declining trend, while the BSi/TOC ratio did not change significantly. This indicates the algae population structure in this area was relatively stable over the past 100 years. The BSi/TOC ratio decreased continuously in the southern area, indicating that the dominance of diatoms was decreasing continuously. (3) The variation of diatom dominance in this area might have a great relationship with the change of nutrients’ provenance. A mean value of stable carbon isotope (δ13C) in the north of Zhoushan was −23.46‰, indicating that the terrestrial-source input was the highest. (4) The change of provenance in the study area was quite different. This illustrates that the terrestrial input impacted the largest area of ZCS while marine input became dominant in the offshore area.

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Systematics of past changes in ocean ventilation: a comparison of Cretaceous Ocean Anoxic Event 2 and Pleistocene to Holocene Oxygen Minimum Zones

Biogeosciences Discussions ◽

10.5194/bgd-11-13343-2014 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 13343-13387 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J. Schönfeld ◽

W. Kuhnt ◽

Z. Erdem ◽

S. Flögel ◽

N. Glock ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Organic Carbon ◽

Bottom Water ◽

Sediment Cores ◽

Carbon Accumulation ◽

Accumulation Rates ◽

Oxygen Minimum Zones ◽

Oxygen Levels ◽

Water Oxygen ◽

Oxygen Minimum

Abstract. Present day oceans are generally well ventilated except mid-depth oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) under high surface water productivity regimes, regions of sluggish circulation, and restricted marginal basins. In the Mesozoic, however, entire oceanic basins transiently became dysoxic or even anoxic. In particular the Cretaceous Ocean Anoxic Events (OAEs) were characterised by laminated organic-carbon rich shales and low-oxygen indicating trace fossil assemblages preserved in the sedimentary record. Yet both, qualitative and quantitative assessments of intensity and extent of Cretaceous near-bottom water oxygenation have been hampered by deep or long-term diagenesis and the evolution of marine biota serving as oxygen indicators in today's ocean. Sedimentary features similar to those found in Cretaceous strata were observed in deposits underlying Recent OMZs, where bottom-water oxygen levels, the flux of organic matter, and benthic life are well known. Their implications for constraining past bottom-water oxygenation are addressed in this review, with emphasis on comparing OMZ sediments from the Peruvian upwelling with deposits of the late Cenomanian OAE 2 from the Atlantic NW African shelf. Holocene laminated sediments were encountered at bottom-water oxygen levels of <7 μmol kg−1 under the Peruvian upwelling and <5 μmol kg−1 in California Borderland basins and the Pakistan Margin. Changes of sediment input on seasonal to decadal time scales are necessary to create laminae of different composition. However, bottom currents may shape similar textures that are difficult to discern from primary seasonal laminae in sediment cores. The millimetre-sized trace fossil Chondrites was commonly found in Cretaceous strata and Recent oxygen-depleted environments where its diameter increased with oxygen levels from 5 to 45 μmol kg−1. This ichnogenus has not been reported from Peruvian sediments but cm-sized crab burrows appeared around 10 μmol kg−1, which may indicate a minimum oxygen value for bioturbated Cretaceous strata. Organic carbon accumulation rates ranged from 0.7 and 2.8 g C cm−2 kyr−1 in laminated sections of OAE 2 in the Tarfaya Basin, Morocco, matching late Holocene accumulation rates of the majority of laminated Peruvian sediment cores under Recent oxygen levels below 5 μmol kg−1. Sediments deposited at >10 μmol kg−1 showed an inverse exponential relationship of bottom-water oxygen levels and organic carbon accumulation depicting enhanced bioirrigation and decomposition of organic matter with increased oxygen supply. In absence of seasonal laminations and under conditions of low burial diagenesis, this relationship may facilitate quantitative estimates of paleo-oxygenation under suboxic conditions. Similarities and differences between Cretaceous OAEs and late Quaternary OMZs have to be further explored to improve our understanding of sedimentary systems under hypoxic conditions.

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Sources of Particulate Organic Matter across Mangrove Forests and Adjacent Ecosystems in Different Geomorphic Settings

Wetlands ◽

10.1007/s13157-019-01261-9 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 40 (5) ◽

pp. 1047-1059

Author(s):

Daniel A. Saavedra-Hortua ◽

Daniel A. Friess ◽

Martin Zimmer ◽

Lucy Gwen Gillis

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Organic Carbon ◽

Dissolved Organic Carbon ◽

Particulate Organic Matter ◽

Coastal Ecosystems ◽

Carbon Stocks ◽

Carbon Accumulation ◽

Mangrove Forests ◽

Terrestrial Plants ◽

Suspended Particulate

Abstract Mangrove forests are among the world’s most productive ecosystems and provide essential ecosystem services such as global climate regulation through the sequestration of carbon. A detailed understanding of the influence of drivers of ecosystem connectivity (in terms of exchange of suspended particulate organic matter), such as geomorphic setting and carbon stocks, among coastal ecosystems is important for being able to depict carbon dynamics. Here, we compared carbon stocks, CO2 fluxes at the sediment-air interface, concentrations of dissolved organic carbon and suspended particulate organic carbon across a mangrove-seagrass-tidal flat seascape. Using stable isotope signatures of carbon and nitrogen in combination with MixSIAR models, we evaluated the contribution of organic matter from different sources among the different seascape components. Generally, carbon concentration was higher as dissolved organic carbon than as suspended particulate matter. Geomorphic settings of the different locations reflected the contributions to particulate organic matter of the primary producers. For example, the biggest contributors in the riverine location were mangrove trees and terrestrial plants, while in fringing locations oceanic and macroalgal sources dominated. Anthropogenic induced changes at the coastal level (i.e. reduction of mangrove forests area) may affect carbon accumulation dynamics in adjacent coastal ecosystems.

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Factors influencing organic carbon accumulation in mangrove ecosystems

Biology Letters ◽

10.1098/rsbl.2018.0237 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 14 (10) ◽

pp. 20180237 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Alexander Pérez ◽

Bruno G. Libardoni ◽

Christian J. Sanders

Keyword(s):

Sediment Cores ◽

Blue Carbon ◽

Carbon Accumulation ◽

Mangrove Forests ◽

Accumulation Rates ◽

Sediment Accretion ◽

Anthropogenic Pressures ◽

Sedimentary Environments ◽

Mangrove Ecosystems ◽

Carbon Accumulation Rates

There is growing interest in the capacity of mangrove ecosystems to sequester and store ‘blue carbon’. Here, we provide a synthesis of 66 dated sediment cores with previously calculated carbon accumulation rates in mangrove ecosystems to assess the effects of environmental and anthropogenic pressures. Conserved sedimentary environments were found to be within the range of the current global average for sediment accretion (approx. 2.5 mm yr –1 ) and carbon accumulation (approx. 160 g m −2 yr −1 ). Moreover, similar sediment accretion and carbon accumulation rates were found between mixed and monotypic mangrove forests, however higher mean and median values were noted from within the forest as compared to adjacent areas such as mudflats. The carbon accumulation within conserved environments was up to fourfold higher than in degraded or deforested environments but threefold lower than those impacted by domestic or aquaculture effluents (more than 900 g m −2 yr −1 ) and twofold lower than those impacted by storms and flooding (more than 500 g m −2 yr −1 ). These results suggest that depending on the type of impact, the blue carbon accumulation capacity of mangrove ecosystems may become substantially modified.

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Distribution and Factors Influencing Organic Carbon Stock in Mountain Soils in Babia Góra National Park, Poland

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app9153070 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (15) ◽

pp. 3070

Author(s):

Lizardo Reyna-Bowen ◽

Jarosław Lasota ◽

Lenin Vera-Montenegro ◽

Baly Vera-Montenegro ◽

Ewa Błońska

Keyword(s):

Organic Carbon ◽

Soil Organic Carbon ◽

National Park ◽

Carbon Stock ◽

Carbon Accumulation ◽

Soil Conditions ◽

Site Factors ◽

Soil Organic Carbon Stock ◽

Mountain Soils ◽

Organic Carbon Stock

The objective of this study was to determine the soil organic carbon stock (T-SOC stock) in different mountain soils in the Babia Góra National Park (BNP). Environmental factors, such as the topography, parent material, and vegetation, were examined for their effect on carbon stock. Fifty-nine study plots in different BNP locations with diverse vegetation were selected for the study. In each study plot, organic carbon stock was calculated, and its relationships with different site factors were determined. The results reveal that the SOC stocks in the mountain soils of the BNP are characterized by high variability (from 50.10 to 905.20 t ha − 1 ). The general linear model (GLM) analysis indicates that the soil type is an important factor of soil organic carbon stock. Topographical factors influence soil conditions and vegetation, which results in a diversity in carbon accumulation in different mountain soils in the BNP. The highest carbon stock was recorded in histosols (>550 t C ha − 1 ), which are located in the lower part of the BNP in the valleys and flat mountain areas.

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