scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of Acrylamide/Acrylic Acid Co-Polymers and Glutaraldehyde Crosslinked pH-Sensitive Hydrogels

Gels ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Munir Ahmad Khan ◽  
Abul Kalam Azad ◽  
Muhammad Safdar ◽  
Asif Nawaz ◽  
Muhammad Akhlaq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Ph Sensitive ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Acidic Media ◽  
Drug Delivery Carrier ◽  
Equilibrium Swelling ◽  
Swelling Characteristics ◽  
Release Data

This project aims to synthesize and characterize the pH-sensitive controlled release of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) loaded hydrogels (5-FULH) by polymerization of acrylamide (AM) and acrylic acid (AA) in the presence of glutaraldehyde (GA) as a crosslinker with ammonium persulphate as an initiator. The formulation’s code is named according to acrylamide (A1, A2, A3), acrylic acid (B1, B2, B3) and glutaraldehyde (C1, C2, C3). The optimized formulations were exposed to various physicochemical tests, namely swelling, diffusion, porosity, sol gel analysis, and attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR). These 5-FULH were subjected to kinetic models for drug release data. The 5-FU were shown to be soluble in distilled water and phosphate buffer media at pH 7.4, and sparingly soluble in an acidic media at pH 1.2. The ATR-FTIR data confirmed that the 5-FU have no interaction with other ingredients. The lowest dynamic (0.98 ± 0.04% to 1.90 ± 0.03%; 1.65 ± 0.01% to 6.88 ± 0.03%) and equilibrium swelling (1.85 ± 0.01% to 6.68 ± 0.03%; 10.12 ± 0.02% to 27.89 ± 0.03%) of formulations was observed at pH 1.2, whereas the higher dynamic (4.33 ± 0.04% to 10.21 ± 0.01%) and equilibrium swelling (22.25 ± 0.03% to 55.48 ± 0.04%) was recorded at pH 7.4. These findings clearly indicated that the synthesized 5-FULH have potential swelling characteristics in pH 6.8 that will enhance the drug’s release in the same pH medium. The porosity values of formulated 5-FULH range from 34% to 62% with different weight ratios of AM, AA, and GA. The gel fractions data showed variations ranging from 74 ± 0.4% (A1) to 94 ± 0.2% (B3). However, formulation A1 reported the highest 24 ± 0.1% and B3 the lowest 09 ± 0.3% sol fractions rate among the formulations. Around 20% drug release from the 5-FULH was found at 1 h in an acidic media (pH1.2), whereas >65% of drug release (pH7.4) was observed at around 25 h. These findings concluded that GA crosslinked 5-FU loaded AM and AA based hydrogels would be a potential pH-sensitive oral controlled colon drug delivery carrier.

scholarly journals pH-sensitive polyvinylpyrrolidone-acrylic acid hydrogels: Impact of material parameters on swelling and drug release

2014 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kashif Sohail ◽  
Ikram Ullah Khan ◽  
Yasser Shahzad ◽  
Talib Hussain ◽  
Nazar Muhammad Ranjha
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Phosphate Buffer ◽  
Ph Sensitive ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Release Mechanism ◽  
Effect Analysis ◽  
X Ray Crystallography ◽  
Buffer Solutions ◽  
The One

In this study, we fabricated pH-sensitive polyvinylpyrrolidone/acrylic acid (PVP/AA) hydrogels by a free-radical polymerisation method with variation in the content of monomer, polymer and cross-linking agent. Swelling was performed in USP phosphate buffer solutions of pH 1.2, 5.5, 6.5 and 7.5 with constant ionic strength. Network structure was evaluated by different parameters and FTIR confirmed the formation of cross-linked hydrogels. X-ray crystallography showed molecular dispersion of tramadol HCl. A drug release study was carried out in phosphate buffer solutions of pH 1.2, 5.5 and 7.5 for selected samples. It was observed that swelling and drug release from hydrogels can be modified by changing composition and degree of cross-linking of the hydrogels under investigation. Swelling coefficient was high at higher pH values except for the one containing high PVP content. Drug release increased by increasing the pH of the medium and AA contents in hydrogels while increasing the concentration of cross-linking agent had the opposite effect. Analysis of the drug release mechanism revealed non-Fickian transport of tramadol from the hydrogels.

scholarly journals pH-Sensitive Polyampholyte Microgels of Poly(Acrylic Acid-co-Vinylamine) as Injectable Hydrogel for Controlled Drug Release

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanmin Chen ◽  
Peijian Sun
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Suspension Polymerization ◽  
Controlled Drug Release ◽  
Ph Sensitive ◽  
Swelling Ratio ◽  
Sustained Drug Release ◽  
Injectable Hydrogel ◽  
Poly Acrylic Acid

pH-sensitive polyampholyte microgels of poly(acrylic acid-co-vinylamine) (P(AA-co-VAm)) were developed as an injectable hydrogel for controlled drug release. The microgels of P(AA-co-VAm) were prepared via inverse suspension polymerization of acrylic acid and N-vinylformamide followed by hydrolysis of poly(N-vinylformamide) (PNVF) chains of the resultant microgels under basic condition. The pH-sensitivity of the P(AA-co-VAm) microgels in zeta potential and swelling ratio were investigated using a zeta potential analyzer and optical microscope. The results showed that both the zeta potential and the swelling ratio of the microgels were highly affected by the solution pH. By changing the pH of P(AA-co-VAm) microgel dispersion, the interparticle interaction and the swelling ratio of the microgels could be well adjusted and a colloidal hydrogel could be fabricated at moderate pH, showing a pH-triggered reversible fluid-gel transition. Using the polyampholyte P(AA-co-VAm) microgels as an injectable hydrogel drug release system, a sustained drug release could be achieved, indicating the great potentials of the pH-sensitive P(AA-co-VAm) microgels for controlled drug delivery.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of Chemically Cross-Linked Acrylic Acid/Gelatin Hydrogels: Effect of pH and Composition on Swelling and Drug Release

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Majid Hanif Bukhari ◽  
Samiullah Khan ◽  
Muhammad Rehanullah ◽  
Nazar Mohammad Ranjha
Keyword(s):  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Phosphate Buffer ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Ammonium Persulfate ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Release Mechanism ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Allergy Treatment ◽  
Model Drug ◽  
Release Data

This present work was aimed at synthesizing pH-sensitive cross-linked AA/Gelatin hydrogels by free radical polymerization. Ammonium persulfate and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) were used as initiator and as cross-linking agent, respectively. Different feed ratios of acrylic acid, gelatin, and EGDMA were used to investigate the effect of monomer, polymer, and degree of cross-linking on swelling and release pattern of the model drug. The swelling behavior of the hydrogel samples was studied in 0.05 M USP phosphate buffer solutions of various pH values pH 1.2, pH 5.5, pH 6.5, and pH 7.5. The prepared samples were evaluated for porosity and sol-gel fraction analysis. Pheniramine maleate used for allergy treatment was loaded as model drug in selected samples. The release study of the drug was investigated in 0.05 M USP phosphate buffer of varying pH values (1.2, 5.5, and 7.5) for 12 hrs. The release data was fitted to various kinetic models to study the release mechanism. Hydrogels were characterized by Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy which confirmed formation of structure. Surface morphology of unloaded and loaded samples was studied by surface electron microscopy (SEM), which confirmed the distribution of model drug in the gel network.

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