scholarly journals Soil Heating at High Temperatures and Different Water Content: Effects on the Soil Microorganisms

Geosciences ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 355
Author(s):  
Ana Barreiro ◽  
Alba Lombao ◽  
Angela Martín ◽  
Javier Cancelo-González ◽  
Tarsy Carballas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Thermal Shock ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Initial Water Content ◽  
Initial Water ◽  
Soil Heating ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
The Impact

Soil properties determining the thermal transmissivity, the heat duration and temperatures reached during soil heating are key factors driving the fire-induced changes in soil microbial communities. The aim of the present study is to analyze, under laboratory conditions, the impact of the thermal shock (infrared lamps reaching temperatures of 100 °C, 200 °C and 400 °C) and moisture level (0%, 25% and 50% per soil volume) on the microbial properties of three soil mixtures from different sites. The results demonstrated that the initial water content was a determinant factor in the response of the microbial communities to soil heating treatments. Measures of fire impact included intensity and severity (temperature, duration), using the degree-hours method. Heating temperatures produced varying thermal shock and impacts on biomass, bacterial activity and microbial community structure.

The impact of nanoscale zero-valent iron particles on soil microbial communities is soil dependent

2019 ◽  
Vol 364 ◽  
pp. 591-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
María T. Gómez-Sagasti ◽  
Lur Epelde ◽  
Mikel Anza ◽  
Julen Urra ◽  
Itziar Alkorta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Zero Valent Iron ◽  
Iron Particles ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Nanoscale Zero Valent Iron ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Biocrust-forming mosses mitigate the impact of aridity on soil microbial communities in drylands: observational evidence from three continents

2018 ◽  
Vol 220 (3) ◽  
pp. 824-835 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Delgado-Baquerizo ◽  
Fernando T. Maestre ◽  
David J. Eldridge ◽  
Matthew A. Bowker ◽  
Thomas C. Jeffries ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Observational Evidence ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Stability of microbiota in vineyard soils across consecutive years.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Cestaro ◽  
emanuela coller ◽  
Davide Albanese ◽  
erika stefani ◽  
Massimo Pindo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Taxonomic Structure ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Soil Microbiota ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
The Impact

Agricultural soils harbor rich and diverse microbial communities that have a deep influence on soil properties and productivity. Large scale studies have shown the impact of environmental parameters like climate or chemical composition on the distribution of bacterial and fungal species. Comparatively, little data exists documenting how soil microbial communities change between different years. Quantifying the temporal stability of soil microbial communities will allow us to better understand the relevance of the differences between environments and their impact on ecological processes on the global and local scale. We characterized the bacterial and fungal components of the soil microbiota in ten vineyards in two consecutive years. Despite differences of species richness and diversity between the two years, we found a general stability of the taxonomic structure of the soil microbiota. Temporal differences were smaller than differences due to geographical location, vineyard land management or differences between sampling sites within the same vineyard. Using machine learning, we demonstrated that each site was characterized by a distinctive microbiota, and we identified a reduced set of indicator species that could classify samples according to their geographic origin across different years with high accuracy.

scholarly journals Detection of irradiation induced changes on the activity and diversity of soil microbial communities: The effect of soil type

2005 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. S939-S944 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. R. Parekh ◽  
E. D. Potter ◽  
J. S. Poskitt ◽  
B. A. Dodd ◽  
N. A. Beresford
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Soil Type ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Induced Changes

The impact of liquid organic fertilization and associated application techniques on N2 and N2O fluxes from agricultural soils

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balázs Grosz ◽  
Reinhard Well ◽  
Stefan Burkart
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Stratospheric Ozone ◽  
Biogeochemical Model ◽  
Initial Water Content ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Initial Water ◽  
N Transformations ◽  
Application Techniques ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Amended Soil

<p>Fertilizing arable soils with liquid manures affects gaseous N losses to the atmosphere including NO, N<sub>2</sub>O and N<sub>2</sub> as well as nitrate leaching. These emissions impair nitrogen use efficiency of crops and contribute to the greenhouse effect and stratospheric ozone destruction and pollution of aquatic resources. Their extent depends on the complex interaction between manure application techniques and properties of manures and soil. Whereas the types of manure effects on N transformations and associated gaseous fluxes are known, their prediction is still poor because previous investigations mostly excluded N<sub>2</sub> flux.</p><p>Our mesocosm experiment addresses the questions, (1) how liquid manure fertilization and its application mode impact N<sub>2</sub>, N<sub>2</sub>O and CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes from agricultural soil, and (2) how the water and dissolve organic carbon content and the pH of the manure amended soil change between the soil layers. We use these data to set up a dataset to test and develop new biogeochemical model approach to describe the manure-soil interactions.</p><p>A sandy arable soil (Fuhrberg, Germany) was used for the experiments and amended with artificial slurry (artificial liquid and cow digestate mixture) in various treatments. The soil was incubated in laboratory incubation systems over 10 days. N<sub>2</sub>, N<sub>2</sub>O and CO<sub>2 </sub>fluxes were quantified by gas chromatography and isotope-ratio mass spectrometry. Incubations were conducted with (surface or injected application) or without (control) of slurry treatment and initial water content was adjusted equivalent to 40% and 60% water-filled pore space. The environmental conditions were kept constant during that experiment.</p><p>The average N<sub>2</sub>+N<sub>2</sub>O flux decreased at the 40% WFPS surface and injected treatments with 70% and 60%, respectively, compared to the non-fertilized control. For the 60% WFPS surface and injected treatments, the average N<sub>2</sub>+N<sub>2</sub>O flux increased with more than 610% and 1690%, respectively. The results show that the initial water content and the application method can influence drastically the N<sub>2</sub>+N<sub>2</sub>O flux of the manure amended soil.</p>

scholarly journals Microbial Inoculants and Their Impact on Soil Microbial Communities: A Review

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darine Trabelsi ◽  
Ridha Mhamdi
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Microbial Inoculants ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Functional Capabilities ◽  
Plant Soil ◽  
Taxonomic Groups ◽  
The Impact

The knowledge of the survival of inoculated fungal and bacterial strains in field and the effects of their release on the indigenous microbial communities has been of great interest since the practical use of selected natural or genetically modified microorganisms has been developed. Soil inoculation or seed bacterization may lead to changes in the structure of the indigenous microbial communities, which is important with regard to the safety of introduction of microbes into the environment. Many reports indicate that application of microbial inoculants can influence, at least temporarily, the resident microbial communities. However, the major concern remains regarding how the impact on taxonomic groups can be related to effects on functional capabilities of the soil microbial communities. These changes could be the result of direct effects resulting from trophic competitions and antagonistic/synergic interactions with the resident microbial populations, or indirect effects mediated by enhanced root growth and exudation. Combination of inoculants will not necessarily produce an additive or synergic effect, but rather a competitive process. The extent of the inoculation impact on the subsequent crops in relation to the buffering capacity of the plant-soil-biota is still not well documented and should be the focus of future research.

scholarly journals Erosion reduces soil microbial diversity, network complexity and multifunctionality

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liping Qiu ◽  
Qian Zhang ◽  
Hansong Zhu ◽  
Peter B. Reich ◽  
Samiran Banerjee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Soil Microbial Diversity ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Relative Abundances ◽  
The Impact

AbstractWhile soil erosion drives land degradation, the impact of erosion on soil microbial communities and multiple soil functions remains unclear. This hinders our ability to assess the true impact of erosion on soil ecosystem services and our ability to restore eroded environments. Here we examined the effect of erosion on microbial communities at two sites with contrasting soil texture and climates. Eroded plots had lower microbial network complexity, fewer microbial taxa, and fewer associations among microbial taxa, relative to non-eroded plots. Soil erosion also shifted microbial community composition, with decreased relative abundances of dominant phyla such as Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Gemmatimonadetes. In contrast, erosion led to an increase in the relative abundances of some bacterial families involved in N cycling, such as Acetobacteraceae and Beijerinckiaceae. Changes in microbiota characteristics were strongly related with erosion-induced changes in soil multifunctionality. Together, these results demonstrate that soil erosion has a significant negative impact on soil microbial diversity and functionality.

scholarly journals Influence of Pseudomonas and Bacillus Strains Isolated from Lolium perenne Rhizospheric Soil in Vojvodina (Serbia) on the Planth Growth and Soil Microbial Communities

2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-272
Author(s):  
Dragana R. Stamenov ◽  
Simonida Djuric ◽  
Timea Hajnal- Jafari ◽  
Snežana Andjelkovic
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Pseudomonas Sp ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Rhizospheric Soil ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Number Of Microorganisms ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this study was the isolation of Pseudomonas sp. and Bacillus sp. strains from rhizospheric soil and monitoring the impact of two isolates denoted as P12 (Pseudomonas sp.) and B1 (Bacillus sp.) on the parameters of the English ryegrass (Lolium perenne) yield and activity of the soil microbial communities. During 2012-2014, the plot experiment was set up following randomized block system. Better effect on the plant growth was recorded with the use of Pseudomonas sp. P12 isolate than with Bacillus sp. B1. Positive effect on the increase in the total number of microorganisms, aminoheterotrophs and azotobacter was also achieved. Bacillus sp. B1 increased only the number of actimycetes. Both isolates positively affected the dehydrogenase activity (DHA).

Bushfire impacts on a threatened swamp ecosystem: responses of the soil microbial communities and restoration

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathali Machado de Lima ◽  
Alexandria Thomsen ◽  
Mark Ooi ◽  
Miriam Muñoz-Rojas
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Longwall Mining ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Fire Season ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Drought Period ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
The Impact

<p>Australia faced the most extreme and prolonged fire season in 2019-2020, resulting in tragic habitat loss for many threatened species and the destruction of many ecological communities.  Newnes Plateau Shrub Swamps are peatlands located in the upper Blue Mountains region of New South Wales, Australia. These ecosystems perform many important ecological functions while absorbing and filtering water and releasing it slowly back to the environment. Their functions are related to the control of peak flow events, water purification and the harboring of many threatened plant and animal species. Despite their ecological importance, the area has been intensively degraded through longwall mining processes, resulting in the lowering and loss of water tables in the area. In December 2019 these impacts were compounded by an intense prolonged drought period and extensive wildfire. While the effects of these combined factors on the vegetation have been analysed and revealed remarkable negative impacts in the swamps under mining pressures, the effects on the soil microbial communities and related soil functions have not yet been studied. To investigate both drivers (fire and mining activities), we selected three mined swamps and three unmined swamps to assess their soil microbial composition and diversity through Next Generation Sequencing, and to characterise the soil chemical composition. At each site, we collected samples considering three treatments, one in the swamp valley fill and two at two different heights of the swamp valley margin, focusing on the soil close to specific groups of plants (e.g. sedges and shrubs). For each site and treatment, three soil samples (~ 10 m from each other) of 10x10 cm and ~ 3 to 5 cm of depth were collected using a trowel. We aim to build 16S rRNA gene libraries and co-relate them with the soil chemical variables, to assess the impact on these microbial communities and their possible use as environmental indicators and basis for future applied initiatives in conservation and restoration.</p><p> </p>

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