scholarly journals Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of the Anthers from the Cytoplasmic Male-Sterile Pepper Line HZ1A and Its Maintainer Line HZ1B

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 580
Author(s):  
Zhixing Nie ◽  
Jianying Chen ◽  
Yunpeng Song ◽  
Hongfei Fu ◽  
Hong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Male Sterility ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Maintainer Line ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Kegg Pathways ◽  
Kegg Analysis ◽  
Cms Line ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Go Terms

Cytoplasmic male-sterility (CMS) is important for the utilization of crop heterosis and study of the molecular mechanisms involved in CMS could improve breeding programs. In the present study, anthers of the pepper CMS line HZ1A and its maintainer line HZ1B were collected from stages S1, S2, and S3 for transcriptome sequencing. A total of 47.95 million clean reads were obtained, and the reads were assembled into 31,603 unigenes. We obtained 42 (27 up-regulated and 15 down-regulated), 691 (346 up-regulated and 345 down-regulated), and 709 (281 up-regulated and 428 down-regulated) differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in stages S1, S2, and S3, respectively. Through Gene Ontology (GO) analysis, the DEGs were found to be composed of 46 functional groups. Two GO terms involved in photosynthesis, photosynthesis (GO:0015986) and photosystem I (GO:0009522), may be related to CMS. Through Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis, oxidative phosphorylation (ko00190) and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis (ko00940) were significantly enriched in the S1 and S2 stages, respectively. Through the analysis of 104 lipid metabolism-related DEGs, four significantly enriched KEGG pathways may help to regulate male sterility during anther development. The mitochondrial genes orf470 and atp6 were identified as candidate genes of male sterility for the CMS line HZ1A. Overall, the results will provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of pepper CMS.

scholarly journals Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Developmental Changes in P-Type Cytoplasmic Male Sterile and Maintainer Anthers in Wheat

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 2012
Author(s):  
Yamin Zhang ◽  
Qilu Song ◽  
Lili Zhang ◽  
Zheng Li ◽  
Chengshe Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Male Sterility ◽  
Molecular Mechanism ◽  
Proteomic Analysis ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Tca Cycle ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Cms Line ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Biosynthesis ◽  
P Type

Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) plays an important role in the application of heterosis in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). However, the molecular mechanism underlying CMS remains unknown. This study provides a comprehensive morphological and proteomic analysis of the anthers of a P-type CMS wheat line (P) and its maintainer line, Yanshi 9 hao (Y). Cytological observations indicated that the P-type CMS line shows binucleate microspore abortion. In this line, the tapetum degraded early, leading to anther cuticle defects, which could not provide the nutrition needed for microspore development in a timely manner, thus preventing the development of the microspore to the normal binucleate stage. Proteomic analysis revealed novel proteins involved in P-type CMS. Up to 2576 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were quantified in all anthers, and these proteins were significantly enriched in oxidative phosphorylation, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, citrate cycle (TCA cycle), starch and sucrose metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and pyruvate metabolism pathways. These proteins may comprise a network that regulates male sterility in wheat. Based on the function analysis of DEPs involved in the complex network, we concluded that the P-type CMS line may be due to cellular dysfunction caused by disturbed carbohydrate metabolism, inadequate energy supply, and disturbed protein synthesis. These results provide insights into the molecular mechanism underlying male sterility and serve as a valuable resource for researchers in plant biology, in general, and plant sexual reproduction, in particular.

scholarly journals iTRAQ-Based Proteomic Analysis of Ogura-CMS Cabbage and Its Maintainer Line

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 3180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fengqing Han ◽  
Xiaoli Zhang ◽  
Limei Yang ◽  
Mu Zhuang ◽  
Yangyong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Phosphorylation ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Transcriptome Profiling ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Hybrid Seed Production ◽  
Protein Species ◽  
Absolute Quantitation ◽  
Maintainer Line ◽  
Cms Line

Ogura cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) contributes considerably to hybrid seed production in Brassica crops. To detect the key protein species and pathways involved in Ogura-CMS, we analysed the proteome of the cabbage Ogura-CMS line CMS01-20 and its corresponding maintainer line F01-20 using the isobaric tags for the relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) approach. In total, 162 differential abundance protein species (DAPs) were identified between the two lines, of which 92 were down-accumulated and 70 were up-accumulated in CMS01-20. For energy metabolism in the mitochondrion, eight DAPs involved in oxidative phosphorylation were down-accumulated in CMS01-20, whereas in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, five DAPs were up-accumulated, which may compensate for the decreased respiration capacity and may be associated with the elevated O2 consumption rate in Ogura-CMS plants. Other key protein species and pathways involved in pollen wall assembly and programmed cell death (PCD) were also identified as being male-sterility related. Transcriptome profiling revealed 3247 differentially expressed genes between the CMS line and the fertile line. In a conjoint analysis of the proteome and transcriptome data, 30 and 9 protein species/genes showed the same and opposite accumulation patterns, respectively. Nine noteworthy genes involved in sporopollenin synthesis, callose wall degeneration, and oxidative phosphorylation were presumably associated with the processes leading to male sterility, and their expression levels were validated by qRT-PCR analysis. This study will improve our understanding of the protein species involved in pollen development and the molecular mechanisms underlying Ogura-CMS.

scholarly journals Gene characterization and molecular pathway analysis of reverse thermosensitive genic male sterility in eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Li ◽  
Xueping Chen ◽  
Yanrong Wu ◽  
Aixia Gu ◽  
Jingjing Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Male Sterility ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Cellular Structure ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Anther Development ◽  
Gene Characterization ◽  
Genic Male Sterility ◽  
Kegg Pathways ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Biosynthesis

Abstract The naturally occurring mutant eggplant line 05ms was identified with reverse thermosensitive genic male sterility (rTGMS), but its temperature-responsive fertility mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, we studied the flower morphology, anther cellular structure, and genome-wide gene expression of this rTGMS line. Candidate genes for thermosensitive male sterility during the microspore development of 05ms and the temperature-insensitive line S63 under low-temperature (LT) and high-temperature (HT) conditions were identified. Under LT, tapetum cells were vacuolated and had delayed disintegration in 05ms. RNA-seq analysis indicated that DEGs were enriched in the KEGG pathways ‘plant hormone signal transduction’, ‘starch and sucrose metabolism’, and ‘phenylpropanoid biosynthesis’. We identified two genes, 4CLL1 (Sme2.5_00368.1_g00010.1) and CKI1 (Sme2.5_10056.1_g00002.1), which could potentially regulate eggplant anther development and may be candidate genes for rTGMS. Finally, we propose a working model of anther abortion for rTGMS in eggplant. CKI1 responds to LT stress and causes expression changes in genes related to anther development, such as 4CLL1, and the cellular structure of the tapetum becomes abnormal, causing male sterility. The findings of this study explain the underlying molecular mechanisms of male sterility in eggplant rTGMS lines.

scholarly journals Accelerated molecular breeding of novel cytoplasmic male sterility lines in rice using orfH79 or orf290 haplotypes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanping Tan ◽  
Tong Chen ◽  
Ze Tian ◽  
Jiayang Li ◽  
Xuequn Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Cultivated Rice ◽  
Maintainer Line ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Aa Genome ◽  
Allele Variation ◽  
Grain Security

Abstract The identification and development of new cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) lines in higher plants is important for the preservation of grain security and the prevention of homogenization of hybrid rice. Molecular markers assisted selection (MAS) based on CMS-associated genes or mitochondrial-specific chimeric sequences are important for rapid and effective breeding of new CMS lines and hybrids. In our study, the distribution and allele variation of orfH79 and orf290 genes were characterized from 273 wild and cultivated rice in the AA genome species. Based on the alignment of nucleotide and amino acid sequences, four accessions with orfH79 and three accessions with orf290 were screened. Four novel CMS lines carrying orfH79 haplotypes and three novel CMS lines carrying orf290 haplotypes were then developed using multiple backcross generations with a maintainer line under MAS. The breeding process used in our study provides an efficient and feasible approach for selecting new CMS lines. CMS lines selected in our study are important for enriching rice germplasm resources and guaranteeing rice breeding programs.

scholarly journals Comparative transcriptome analysis indicates that a core transcriptional network mediates isonuclear alloplasmic male sterility in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zihan Liu ◽  
Sha Li ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Qi Liu ◽  
Lingli Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Male Sterility ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Transcriptome Analysis ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Interaction Mechanism ◽  
Outer Wall ◽  
Comparative Transcriptome ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Comparative Transcriptome Analysis ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) plays a crucial role in the utilization of heterosis and various types of CMS often have different abortion mechanisms. Therefore, it is important to understand the molecular mechanisms related to anther abortion in wheat, which remain unclear at present. Results In this study, five isonuclear alloplasmic male sterile lines (IAMSLs) and their maintainer were investigated. Cytological analysis indicated that the abortion type was identical in IAMSLs, typical and stainable abortion, and the key abortive period was in the binucleate stage. Most of the 1,281 core shared differentially expressed genes identified by transcriptome sequencing compared with the maintainer in the vital abortive stage were involved in the metabolism of sugars, oxidative phosphorylation, phenylpropane biosynthesis, and phosphatidylinositol signaling, and they were downregulated in the IAMSLs. Key candidate genes encoding chalcone--flavonone isomerase, pectinesterase, and UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase were screened and identified. Moreover, further verification elucidated that due to the impact of downregulated genes in these pathways, the male sterile anthers were deficient in sugar and energy, with excessive accumulations of ROS, blocked sporopollenin synthesis, and abnormal tapetum degradation. Conclusions Through comparative transcriptome analysis, an intriguing core transcriptome-mediated male-sterility network was proposed and constructed for wheat and inferred that the downregulation of genes in important pathways may ultimately stunt the formation of the pollen outer wall in IAMSLs. These findings provide insights for predicting the functions of the candidate genes, and the comprehensive analysis of our results was helpful for studying the abortive interaction mechanism in CMS wheat.

scholarly journals Organelle genome composition and candidate gene identification for Nsa cytoplasmic male sterility in Brassica napus

BMC Genomics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi-Fei Sang ◽  
De-Sheng Mei ◽  
Jia Liu ◽  
Qamar U. Zaman ◽  
Hai-Yan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Parental Species ◽  
Sequencing Technology ◽  
Genome Composition ◽  
Maintainer Line ◽  
Organelle Genomes ◽  
Cms Line

Abstract Background Nsa cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is a novel alloplasmic male sterility system derived from somatic hybridization between Brassica napus and Sinapis arvensis. Identification of the CMS-associated gene is a prerequisite for a better understanding of the origin and molecular mechanism of this CMS. With the development of genome sequencing technology, organelle genomes of Nsa CMS line and its maintainer line were sequenced by pyro-sequencing technology, and comparative analysis of the organelle genomes was carried out to characterize the organelle genome composition of Nsa CMS as well as to identify the candidate Nsa CMS-associated genes. Results Nsa CMS mitochondrial genome showed a higher collinearity with that of S. arvensis than B. napus, indicating that Nsa CMS mitochondrial genome was mainly derived from S. arvensis. However, mitochondrial genome recombination of parental lines was clearly detected. In contrast, the chloroplast genome of Nsa CMS was highly collinear with its B. napus parent, without any evidence of recombination of the two parental chloroplast genomes or integration from S. arvensis. There were 16 open reading frames (ORFs) specifically existed in Nsa CMS mitochondrial genome, which could not be identified in the maintainer line. Among them, three ORFs (orf224, orf309, orf346) possessing chimeric and transmembrane structure are most likely to be the candidate CMS genes. Sequences of all three candidate CMS genes in Nsa CMS line were found to be 100% identical with those from S. arvensis mitochondrial genome. Phylogenetic and homologous analysis showed that all the mitochondrial genes were highly conserved during evolution. Conclusions Nsa CMS contains a recombined mitochondrial genome of its two parental species with the majority form S. arvensis. Three candidate Nsa CMS genes were identified and proven to be derived from S. arvensis other than recombination of its two parental species. Further functional study of the candidate genes will help to identify the gene responsible for the CMS and the underlying molecular mechanism.

Development and evaluation of Diplotaxis muralis (mur) cytoplasmic male sterility system in summer rape

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. C. Riungu ◽  
P. B. E. McVetty
Keyword(s):  
Male Sterility ◽  
Floral Morphology ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Temperature Stability ◽  
Line Pair ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Maintainer Line ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Pair Comparisons ◽  
Winter Rapeseed

The Diplotaxis muralis male sterility inducing cytoplasm (mur cytoplasm) and its maintainer genes were transferred from the winter rapeseed male sterile line Mangun mur CMS A-line and the mur CMS maintainer line Mangun mur CMS B-line, respectively, into summer rape lines genetically related to the open-pollinated population cultivars Regent and Karat using standard cross, backcross and test cross breeding procedures. Three genetically identical summer rape mur CMS A-line and B-line pairs, Karat I A-line and B-line, Karat II A-line and B-line and Regent A-line and B line were developed. Flower morphology studies revealed that the mur CMS A-lines had anthers displaying a complete absence of pollen and floral morphology modifications similar to that seen for other CMS systems in summer rape. Seedling emergence, days to first flower, days to maturity, and height of the vernalized mur CMS Mangun A-line and B-line pair and the summer rape mur CMS A-line and B-line pairs were similar among treatments and equal for A-line and B-line pair comparisons within cultivars for plants grown in the greenhouse. There was no evidence of biological benefits or costs associated with the mur cytoplasm. The male sterility for the vernalized Mangun mur CMS A-line and the summer rape mur CMS A-lines was stable at temperatures up to 30/24EC. Key words: Brassica napus L., male sterility, temperature stability

scholarly journals Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Potential Mechanism of Abortion in Tobacco sua-Cytoplasmic Male Sterility

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2445
Author(s):  
Zhiwen Liu ◽  
Yanfang Liu ◽  
Yuhe Sun ◽  
Aiguo Yang ◽  
Fengxia Li
Keyword(s):  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Atp Synthesis ◽  
Potential Mechanism ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Cms Line ◽  
Cytological Characteristics ◽  
Pathway Analyses ◽  
Stress Pathway

sua-CMS (cytoplasmic male sterility) is the only male sterile system in tobacco breeding, but the mechanism of abortion is unclear. Cytological characteristics show that abortion in the sua-CMS line msZY occurs before the differentiation of sporogenous cells. In this study, a comparative transcriptomic analysis was conducted on flower buds at the abortion stage of msZY and its male fertile control ZY. A total of 462 differentially expressed genes were identified in msZY and ZY, which were enriched via protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), oxidative phosphorylation, photosynthesis, and circadian rhythm-plant by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses. Most genes were downregulated in the ER stress pathway, heat-shock protein family, F1F0-ATPase encoding by the mitochondrial genome, and differentiation of stamens. Genes in the programmed cell death (PCD) pathway were upregulated in msZY. The transcriptome results were consistent with those of qRT-PCR. Ultrastructural and physiological analyses indicted active vacuole PCD and low ATP content in msZY young flower buds. We speculated that PCD and a deficiency in ATP synthesis are essential for the abortion of sua-CMS. This study reveals the potential mechanism of abortion of tobacco sua-CMS.

scholarly journals Breeding of Indica glutinous cytoplasmic male sterile line WX209A via CRISPR/Cas9 mediated genomic editing

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 93-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Wang ◽  
Yue Han ◽  
Xuan Feng ◽  
Yun-Zhen Li ◽  
Bao-Xiang Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amylose Content ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Male Sterile Line ◽  
Maintainer Line ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterile ◽  
Glutinous Rice ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Cms Line

Glutinous cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) line is necessary to select hybrid glutinous rice combination with high yield and quality. To develop glutinous CMS with low amylose content, in this study, we firstly knocked out the granule-bound starch synthase OsWaxy in 209B using CRISPR/Cas9 mediated genome editing technology and successfully obtained a glutinous maintainer line WX209B. Comparing with maintainer line 209B, WX209B showed decreased amylose contents and similar agronomic characters. And then, through one generation of hybridization and two generations of backcrossing with WX209B as the male parent and 209A as the female parent, the glutinous CMS line WX209A was successfully achieved. Our study provides a strategy to efficiently breed for the glutinous cytoplasmic male sterile line by combining CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing technology with conventional backcross breeding method in a short period, which prepares the ground for further breeding of hybrid glutinous rice variety.  

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