scholarly journals Analysis of Free Sugars, Organic Acids, and Fatty Acids of Wood Apple (Limonia acidissima L.) Fruit Pulp

Horticulturae ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Shrinivas Lamani ◽  
Konerira Aiyappa Anu-Appaiah ◽  
Hosakatte Niranjana Murthy ◽  
Yaser Hassan Dewir ◽  
Jesamine J. Rikisahedew

Wood apple (Limonia acidissima L.) is an underutilized, fruit-yielding tree that is native to India and Sri Lanka. Wood apple trees are also cultivated in India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Thailand, Malaysia, Vietnam, Kampuchea, Laos, and Indonesia for delicious fruits and medicinal purposes. The major objective of the present work was the analysis of the nutritional status of wood apple fruit pulp.The fruits are rich in total carbohydrates (24.74 ± 0.19%), total proteins (9.30 ± 0.16%), oil (0.99 ± 0.01%), fiber (3.32 ± 0.02%), and ash (2.73 ± 0.12%). Further analysis and quantification of free sugars, organic acids, and fatty acid methyl esters were carried out by using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatographic (GC) methods. In total, five sugars and nine organic acids were detected and quantified. The predominant sugars were fructose (16.40 ± 0.23%) and glucose (14.23 ± 0.10%), whereas the predominant organic acids were D-tartaric (4.01 ± 0.03%), ascorbic (4.51 ± 0.05%), and citric acid (4.27 ± 0.04%). The oil content of fruit pulp was 0.99 ± 0.01% and GC-MS analysis revealed that, it comprise of 16 fatty acid methyl esters. The percentage of saturated fatty acids were 32.17 ± 0.35%, that includes palmitic (18.52 ± 0.12%) and stearic acids (9.02 ± 0.08%), whereas, the unsaturated fatty acids were 51.98 ± 0.94%, including oleic acid (23.89 ± 0.06%), α-linolenic acid (16.55 ± 0.26%), linoleic acid (10.02 ± 0.43%), and vaccenic acid (1.78 ± 0.23%).

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (17) ◽  
pp. 3659-3675 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Danov ◽  
O. A. Kazantsev ◽  
A. L. Esipovich ◽  
A. S. Belousov ◽  
A. E. Rogozhin ◽  
...  

The present critical review reports the recent progress of the last 15 years in the selective epoxidation of vegetable oils and their derivatives, in particular unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) and fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs).


2010 ◽  
Vol 88 (9) ◽  
pp. 898-905 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liyan Liu ◽  
Ying Li ◽  
Rennan Feng ◽  
Changhao Sun

A method for simultaneous determination of 16 free fatty acids (FFAs) in serum is described. The method involves conversion of FFAs to fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) using the heat of ultrasonic waves followed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis. Optimum levels of the variables affecting the yield of FAMEs were investigated. The results indicate that the optimal levels are 55 °C, 60 W, 10% H2SO4/CH3OH, and 50 min. Recoveries ranged from 85.32% to 112.11%, with a detection limit ranging from 0.03 to 0.08 μg mL–1. The linearity, using the linear correlation coefficient, was higher than 0.9914.


Author(s):  
Maira Alejandra Maquirriain ◽  
Lucas Gabriel Tonutti ◽  
Carlos Alberto Querini ◽  
María Laura Pisarello

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (88) ◽  
pp. 55626-55632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chad M. Gilmer ◽  
Christian Zvokel ◽  
Alexandra Vick ◽  
Ned B. Bowden

Epoxy nanofiltration membranes are used to achieve separation of fatty acid methyl esters with selectivities up to 100 : 1.


2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 1678-1684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Gonzalez-de-Castro ◽  
Elena Cosimi ◽  
Mae Joanne B. Aguila ◽  
Piotr Gajewski ◽  
Mike Schmitkamp ◽  
...  

Long chain α–ω diols were readily accessed from renewable fatty acid methyl esters following an orthogonal tandem self-metathesis–ester hydrogenation protocol.


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