scholarly journals A Methodology of Workshops to Explore Mutual Assistance Activities for Earthquake Disaster Mitigation

Author(s):  
Kazuki Karashima ◽  
Akira Ohgai

To minimize the damage caused by large earthquakes, mutual assistance activities between residents and rescue victims (i.e., to support residents who cannot evacuate individually) are important. To enhance these activities, the technologies and methods for creating a Community Disaster Management Plan (CDMP), based on the quantitative evaluation of mutual assistance abilities, are required. However, the lack of a method for it is a key issue. This study aims to develop a methodology of workshops for making CDMPs by using the developed support tool by the authors to explore and promote mutual assistance activities. Through the demonstration and examination of a Community Disaster Management Plan on actual districts, the findings mentioned in this article were obtained. Moreover, the usability of this method is shown. In particular, this method is effective at revising CDMPs, and raising resident awareness on the importance of mutual assistance. The suggested method can also improve the lack of techniques involved in promoting mutual assistance.

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-128
Author(s):  
Asep Badrujamaludin ◽  
Diki Ardiansyah ◽  
Dyna Apriany ◽  
Dwi Hastuti ◽  
Oop Ropei ◽  
...  

ABSTRAK  Hasil kajian terbaru tahun 2017 menunjukkan laju pergeseran sesar Lembang sekitar 3,0- 5,5 mm/tahun. Angka ini bertambah dari prediksi tahun 2011 yang menyebut laju pergeserannya sekitar 2,0 - 4,0 mm/tahun. Selain itu, riset terbaru dari Pusat Penelitian Geoteknologi LIPI menemukan bahwa panjang sesar ternyata 29 kilometer, bukan 22 kilometer sebagaimana acuan peneliti sebelumnya. Kekuatan gempa akibat pergeseran sesar lembang melintang sepanjang 29 kilometer dari ujung barat di Kecamatan Ngamprah Kabupaten Bandung Barat sampa sisi tmur di Kecamatan Cilengkrang Kabupaten Bandung yang memungkinkan mengakibakan getaran gempat 6,8 sampai 7 skala richter. Dengan kekutan gempa sebesar itu, wilayah Kota Cimahi termasuk kota yang berpotensi tinggi mendapatkan dampak dari pergerakan sesar lembang tersebut. Hal ini juga disampaikan oleh Badan Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah (BPBD) Kota Cimahi menyatakan Kota Cimahi merupakan wilayah yang berpotensi mendapatkan dampak jika terjadi gempa bumi akibat pergerakan sesar lembang. Melihat tingginya potensi dampak ancaman bencana gempa bumi pada wilayah kerja Puskesmas Cimahi Selatan, perlu adanya upaya persiapan penanggulangan bencana dengan sasaran masyarakat risiko tinggi seperti anak SD dan kelompok warga seperti kader di wilayah tersebut. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini berupa kegiatan-kegiatan yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan terkait ancaman bencana serta penanggulangan bencana yang dimulai dari tahap prabencana, intrabencana sampai pasca bencana. Kegiatan ini akan dilaksanakan dengan bentuk kegiatan berupa penyuluhan, demonstrasi dan simulasi. Dengan memasukan kegiatan upaya penanggulangan bencana secara komprehensip dengan bentuk kegiatan simulasi, masyarakat akan lebih mudah dan cepat mengetahui upaya-upaya yang harus dilakukan sebagai upaya penanggulangan bencana. Kegiatan-kegiatan dalam upaya penanggulangan bencana gempa di wilayah ini juga merupakan salah satu langkah solusi dalam meningkatkan persiapan menghadapi bencana serta dapat mengurangi kemungkinan jumlah korban bencana. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini menggunakan metoda sosialisasi melalui pertemuan/diskusi dengan kelompok mitra berupa seminar/penyuluhan, demonstrasi dan simulasi penanggulangan bencana pada setiap tahap (pra, intra dan paska bencana). Hasil kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini menambah pemahaman secara teori  dan juga praktik simulasi terkait mitigasi bencana para kader kesehatan di kelurahan utama. Kata Kunci : Penanggulangan Bencana, Kesiapsiagaan Bencana, Sesar Lembang  ABSTRACT  The results of the latest study in 2017 show the rate of displacement of the Lembang fault around 3.0-5.5 mm / year. This figure is increased from the prediction in 2011 which states that the rate of shift is around 2.0 - 4.0 mm / year. In addition, the latest research from the LIPI Geotechnology Research Center found that the length of the fault was 29 kilometers, not 22 kilometers as previously referred to by previous researchers. The strength of the earthquake was due to a transverse shift of the Lembang fault along 29 kilometers from the west end in Ngamprah District, West Bandung Regency to the east side in Cilengkrang District, Bandung Regency which made it possible to cause tremors of 6.8 to 7 on the Richter scale. With the magnitude of the earthquake, the Cimahi City area is a city with high potential to be impacted by the movement of the lembang fault. This was also conveyed by the Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) of Cimahi City, stating that Cimahi City is an area that has the potential to be impacted if an earthquake occurs due to the movement of the Lembang fault. Seeing the high potential impact of the threat of an earthquake disaster in the work area of the South Cimahi Puskesmas, it is necessary to prepare for disaster management with the target of high-risk communities such as elementary school children and community groups such as community health providers in the area. This community service activity takes the form of activities aimed at increasing knowledge related to disaster threats and disaster management starting from the pre-disaster, inter-disaster to post-disaster stages. This activity will be carried out in the form of activities including counseling, demonstrations and simulations. By incorporating disaster management efforts comprehensively with the form of simulation activities, the community will find it easier and faster to know the efforts that must be made as disaster management efforts. Activities in earthquake disaster management in this area are also one of the solution steps in increasing the preparation for facing disasters and reducing the possibility of the number of victims of disasters. This community service activity uses the socialization method through meetings / discussions with partner groups in the form of seminars / counseling, demonstrations and simulations of disaster management at every stage (pre, intra and post disaster). The results of this community service activity add to the theoretical understanding and also simulation practice related to disaster mitigation for health cadres in the Kelurahan Utama. Keyword: Disaster Management, Disaster Preparedness, Sesar Lembang


2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 565-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmadreza Djalali ◽  
Vahid Hosseinijenab ◽  
Azadeh Hasani ◽  
Kianoush Shirmardi ◽  
Maaret Castrén ◽  
...  

AbstractDuring disasters, especially following earthquakes, health systems are expected to play an essential role in reducing mortality and morbidity. The most significant naturally occurring disaster in Iran is earthquakes; they have killed <180,000 people in the last 90 years. According to the current plan in 2007, the disaster management system of Iran is composed of three main work groups: (1) Prevention and risk management, (2) Education, and (3) Operation. This organizational separation has resulted in lack of necessary training programs for experts of specialized organizations, e.g., the Ministry of Health and Medical Education (MOHME).The National Board of MOHME arranged a training program in the field of medical disaster management. A qualified training team was chosen to conduct this program in each collaborating center, based on a predefined schedule. All collaborating centers were asked to recall 5–7 experts from each member university. Working in medical disaster management field for ≤2 years was an inclusion criterion. The training programs lasted three days, consisted of all relevant aspects of medical disaster management, and were conducted over a six-month period (November 2007–April 2008). Pretest and post-tests were used to examine the participants' knowledge regarding disaster management; the mean score on the pretest was 67.1 ±11.6 and 88.1 ±6.2, respectively. All participants were asked to hold the same training course for their organizations in order to enhance knowledge of related managers, stakeholders, and workers, and build capacity at the local and provincial levels. The next step was supposed to be developing a comprehensive medical disaster management plan for the entire country. Establishing nine disaster management regional collaborating centers in the health system of Iran has provided an appropriate base for related programs to be rapidly and easily accomplished throughout the country. This tree-shaped model is recommended as a cost-benefit and rapid approach for conducting training programs and developing a disaster management plan in the health system of a developing country.


2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 935-941 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Shan Phua ◽  
Jason D. Miller ◽  
Richard B. Wong She

Complexity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Dan Su ◽  
Xiaokang Lei ◽  
Yongming Wang ◽  
Haijun Wang

This paper analyzes the formation mechanism of urban hazard chains. The results demonstrate that the complex interaction between the disaster-bearing bodies under the action of disaster-causing factors is the direct cause of urban hazard chains. The analysis of the energy effects of urban hazard chains shows that the coupling of the excitation energy released by the causative agent and the energy of the disaster-bearing bodies is the fundamental cause of urban hazard chains. Based on the description of the dynamical mechanism of the urban disaster chain system, this paper first sets up a disaster scenario and considers the effect of the time lag to establish a system dynamics model of the urban disaster chain and urban disaster management. The model of urban disaster management system dynamics shows the mutual influence and complementary relationship between disasters and the economy, pointing out that emphasizing the spill-over effects of disaster management systems can improve the effectiveness of disaster mitigation. This study also uses equilibrium entropy and brittle entropy theories to characterize the vulnerability of single-function networks and the degree of brittle association of each lifeline subsystem, respectively, and establishes a model for assessing the sensitivity of lifeline systems to disaster damage. Built on the collection and feedback of information from disaster areas after the occurrence of emergencies, this paper establishes a deterministic multihazard emergency resource dispatches model and an uncertain multihazard emergency resource dispatch model.


2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
pp. 59-69
Author(s):  
Xue Ma ◽  
Ryuzo Ohno

China is a seismic active country. We suffered a large number of fatalities by earthquake damage. A great deal of requirements on disaster mitigation has been putting forward and which is becoming a hot topic in the society. This paper focuses on the safety situation of residential environment in Chinese cities, tries to examine the vulnerabilities for earthquake disaster mitigation. We chose the city of Tianjin as target area applying for the detail analysis. An evaluation was interpreted into suggestions and advices on planning and management. Keywords: Vulnerability, Earthquake disaster mitigation, Residential area eISSN 2514-751X © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.


2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-20
Author(s):  
C. Zoramthara ◽  
Lalthakima

Sateek village is vulnerable to plenty of disasters such as earthquake, landslide, forest fire and disease outbreak. Some other features like poverty, remote area from the city, lack of hospital and other emergency services make the people of this village more vulnerable. The present study deals with the idea of community based disaster management (CBDM) and their risk assessment in Sateek village, which is located in Aibawk block of Aizawl District, Mizoram, India. The data used in this research include collection of primary data through interview, questionnaire and Secondary data. Landslide risk analysis was carried out in quantitative approach. The study seized disaster assessment, resource analysis, risk and vulnerable profile and response plan and interpretation in various disaster of Sateek village and how community based disaster management (CBDM) plan can help the people to cope with hazards.


2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-81
Author(s):  
Malsawmi Pachuau

Local government plays an integral part in the mechanism of Disaster Management in Mizoram. The local bodies are the direct representatives of the local community and the local community places their full trust in them. Post disaster measures such as mock drills, training of search and rescue teams, physical and economic relief and rehabilitation are not something new to us, yet the aspect of disaster mitigation is something which has not bred familiarity among the Mizos. The need for sensitization of the public on the importance of Disaster Mitigation is a necessity. The saying ‘Earthquakes do not kill people; buildings do’ is pertinent in urban areas. Urban areas are congested and more prone to disasters. High rise buildings, squatter settlements due to high densities and low availability of land has endangered not just the lives of the public but has also caused a massive disturbance of the ecological system. The paper covers certain Acts and Regulations of the Aizawl Municipal Corporation dealing with structural mitigation and the detection of illegal construction, unsafe buildings, and encroachments on municipal and public properties. At the local level, the councillors are involved in making, unmaking and carrying out these rules and regulations, with direct bearing on the local people. The paper also gives an account of the need of reimplementation to generate awareness, knowledge and education on Disaster Management to the people of Mizoram.


Author(s):  
Pandu Sakti ◽  
Faizal Anwar ◽  
Rekho Adriadi

ABSTRACT The purpose of this research is the implementation of policies of the Bengkulu Province disaster management agency in disaster mitigation. This research method uses descriptive qualitative research. The results of the study explained that the implementation of policies of the Bengkulu Province Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) for the implementation of disaster mitigation policies had been running quite well. The Regional Disaster Management Agency of Bengkulu Province in Disaster Mitigation has issued a policy on natural disaster reduction, namely the Disaster Resilient Village policy and the proportion of Disaster safe schools. Apart from implementing this policy, the Bengkulu Province Disaster Management Agency also carries out socialization activities for disaster preparedness. In implementing this policy, we also cooperate with other agencies to carry out activities or policies in making Bengkulu Province safe from disasters. The conclusions of this study indicate that the policies issued by the Bengkulu Province BPBD in Mitigation are regulated in Governor Regulation Number 34 of 2018 concerning increased preparedness. Among them are disaster-disaster village policies and disaster-safe Madrasah schools. Keywords: Disaster, Mitigation, Policy.   


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