A Nationwide Population-Based Study on the Association between Land Transport Accident and Peripheral Vestibular Disorders

This case–control study aimed to investigate the association of peripheral vestibular disorders (PVD) with subsequent land transport accidents. Data for this study were obtained from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance (NHI) dataset. We retrieved 8704 subjects who were newly found to have land transport accidents as cases. Their diagnosis date was used as their index date. Controls were identified by propensity score matching (one per case, n = 8704 controls) from the NHI dataset with their index date being the date of their first health service claim in 2017. Multiple logistic regressions were performed to calculate the prior PVD odds ratio of cases vs. controls. We found that 2.36% of the sampled patients had been diagnosed with PVD before the index date, 3.37% among cases and 1.36% among controls. Chi-square test revealed that there was a significant association between land transport accident and PVD (p < 0.001). Furthermore, multiple logistic regression analysis suggested that cases were more likely to have had a prior PVD diagnosis when compared to controls (OR = 2.533; 95% CI = 2.041–3.143; p < 0.001). After adjusting for age, gender, hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease, and hyperlipidemia, cases had a greater tendency to have a prior diagnosis of PVD than controls (OR = 3.001, 95% CI = 2.410–3.741, p < 0.001). We conclude that patients with PVD are at twofold higher odds for land transport accidents.

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Urological Sarcoma Among the Iranian Population; A National Registry-Based Study

International Journal of Cancer Management ◽

10.5812/ijcm.103700 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (12) ◽

Author(s):

Mohammad Ali Ganji Jameshouran ◽

Farzad Allameh ◽

Mohammad Mersad Mansouri Tehrani ◽

Mohammad Ali Tasharrofi ◽

Babak Javanmard ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soft Tissue Sarcomas ◽

Population Based ◽

National Registry ◽

Patient Data ◽

Iranian Population ◽

Genitourinary Tract ◽

Tumor Characteristics ◽

Chi Square ◽

Population Based Study ◽

Chi Square Test

Background: Sarcomas of the genitourinary tract are rare clinical entities with relatively few studies conducted on their prevalence and characteristics globally. Previous literature has established the effects of ethnicity and race on soft tissue sarcomas’ clinical attributes and prognosis. Objectives: To provide researchers and clinicians with a better understanding of the matter, this study aims at providing descriptive data regarding urologic sarcoma among the Iranian population. Methods: All patients diagnosed with genitourinary sarcoma registered in the Cancer Research Center (CRC) between 2009 and 2014 were enrolled in this national population-based study. Basic patient data including their gender, age, city, and province of origin, as well as each patient’s tumor characteristics were retrieved from CRC’s database. Chi-square test was utilized in determining a possible relationship between patient data and the tumor characteristics. Results: A total of 337 patients with primary genitourinary sarcoma were selected for this study. More than half of the patients were classified in the 15 to 65-year-old group. The most common primary site of involvement was the kidneys with the most prevalent histological subtype being liposarcoma. Conclusions: This study found sarcomas of the genitourinary tract to be more prevalent among the adult Iranian population, with liposarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, and rhabdomyosarcoma being the most commonly observed subtype, and factors such as age, gender, and tumor grading all related to the anatomical distribution of the tumors.

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Characteristics of falls in elderly persons residing in the community: a population-based study

Revista Brasileira de Geriatria e Gerontologia ◽

10.1590/1981-22562017020.170080 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 20 (5) ◽

pp. 691-701 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Suzana Albuquerque de Moraes ◽

Wuber Jefferson Sousa Soares ◽

Lygia Paccini Lustosa ◽

Tereza Loffredo Bilton ◽

Eduardo Ferrioli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

The Elderly ◽

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Population Based ◽

The State ◽

Elderly Persons ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Population Based Study ◽

Mato Grosso ◽

Chi Square Test

Abstract Object: to examine the characteristics to the last fall of Brazilian elderly persons who experienced falls in 2008 and 2009, and to identify if there is a relationship with sociodemographic characteristics, physical health, comorbidities, clinical conditions and the circumstances of the falls. Methods: a cross-sectional, population based study was carried out with participants aged 65 and older from Barueri in the state of São Paulo and Cuiabá in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Households were enrolled within each census region according to population density and the number of elderly persons living in each region. A multidimensional questionnaire composed of sociodemographic factors and data regarding falls was used. Associations were analyzed using contingency tables, and Fisher's Exact or Pearson's Chi-square test was used. Results: 774 elderly people were included in the study, 299 of whom reported falling in the previous year. Of these, 176 (58.9%) had fallen once and 123 (41.1%) reported having fallen twice or more. Among fallers the mean age was 72.53 (±6.12) years and 214 (71.6%) were female. About 107 (35.8%) of the elderly reported having fallen forwards, 79 (26.4%) fell to the side and 42(14%) fell backwards. Regarding the circumstances of the falls, 107 (35.8%) reported having lost their balance, 79 (26.4%) said they had stumbled and 42 (14%) said they had slipped. There was an association between the mechanism and circumstances of the falls and having fallen once or twice or more. There was an association between the circumstances of falls and the number of medications taken. Conclusion: The characteristics of falls were different among elderly persons who had fallen once or twice or more, which may guide health professionals, the elderly and their families in relation to specific fall prevention strategies.

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Association of diet-related knowledge, attitude, behaviors and self-rated health among Chinese adults: a population-based study

10.21203/rs.2.18289/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ying Yang ◽

Di He ◽

Liuyi Wei ◽

Shizhen Wang ◽

Lei Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Population Based ◽

Chinese Adults ◽

Rural Residents ◽

Chi Square ◽

Population Based Study ◽

Dietary Knowledge ◽

Self Rated Health ◽

Eating Fruit ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

And Behaviors

Abstract Background: Diet and nutrition play an important role in one’s health status. The objectives of this study were to (a) determine knowledge, attitude, and behaviors (KABs) related to diet among a sample of Chinese adults, and (b) assess the association between diet-related KABs and self-rated health.Methods: We analyzed the 2015 CHNS data. Individuals aged 18 years and older were included as study subjects (n = 12,814). Five variables were selected to assess diet-related knowledge, attitude, and behaviors. Comparison of diet-related KABs in urban and rural was conducted using chi-square test. Ordinal logistic regression was conducted to quantify the association between diet-related KABs and self-rated health.Results: The awareness proportion for Chinese diet pagoda/DGCR was 27.1%, and only 34.3% of the subjects were assessed as having adequate dietary knowledge literacy. 24.3% reported positive attitude towards healthy diet. 27.6% and 65.9% reported the behavior of actively looking for nutrition knowledge and eating fruit & vegetables, respectively. Chi-square test indicated that rural residents experienced significant poorer diet-related knowledge, attitude, and behaviors than urban (all p-values < 0.01). Adjusted ORs with 95% CI revealed significant association between diet-related KABs and self-rated health.Conclusions: Chinese adults experienced poor diet-related knowledge, attitude, and behaviors, while rural residents were significantly worse than urban. Better diet-related knowledge, attitude, and behaviors was associated with higher self-rated health.

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Association of erectile dysfunction with tinnitus: a nationwide population-based study

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-86441-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yen-Fu Cheng ◽

Sudha Xirasagar ◽

Nai-Wen Kuo ◽

Shiu-Dong Chung ◽

Herng-Ching Lin

Keyword(s):

Erectile Dysfunction ◽

Index Date ◽

Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Population Based ◽

Population Based Study ◽

Medical Disorders ◽

Novel Association ◽

Matched Case ◽

The Relationship ◽

Diagnosis Date

AbstractWith many previous studies indicating a higher prevalence of sexual problems in patients with tinnitus, the association between tinnitus and erectile dysfunction (ED) has become an interesting topic that warrants further research. In our study, we hypothesized that tinnitus may be associated with ED and aimed to further explore the relationship between these two medical conditions using a nationwide population-based database. After retrieving data of 19,329 patients with ED and 19,329 propensity score-matched patients without ED (controls) from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Dataset, we defined the diagnosis date (the date of the first ED claim) for patients with ED as the index date for cases, and the date of the first utilization of ambulatory care by patients without ED during the index year of their matched case as the index date for controls. We found that 1247 out of 38,658 sampled patients (3.23%) had received a tinnitus diagnosis within the year before the index date, with 792 (4.10%) from cases and 455 (2.35%) from controls. We then utilized multiple logistic regression analysis and observed that cases were more likely to have had a prior tinnitus diagnosis compared to controls (OR 1.772; 95% CI 1.577–1.992; p < 0.001). Lastly, we adjusted the data for co-morbid medical disorders and social economic factors, with the end results showing that cases were more likely than controls to have a prior diagnosis of tinnitus (OR 1.779, 95% CI 1.582–2.001, p < 0.001). Through our investigation, we have ultimately detected a novel association between ED and tinnitus and urge physicians to be alert to the possibility of the development of ED in patients treated for tinnitus.

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Barriers for the use of outdoor gyms in adults and elderly from a southern city of Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Atividade Física & Saúde ◽

10.12820/rbafs.25e0159 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Gabriel Gustavo Bergmann ◽

Anne Ribeiro Streb ◽

Marcos Ferrari ◽

Deivid Cristiano Cooper Alves ◽

Bruna Adamar Castelhano Soares ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Educational Level ◽

Leisure Time ◽

Population Based ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Population Based Study ◽

Socioeconomic Variables ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Barriers To Use ◽

Southern City

The aim of this study was to identify barriers to use Outdoor Gyms (OGs) for physical activity (PA) practice and to examine their association with leisure-time PA, demographic and socioeconomic variables in adults and elderly. This cross-sectional population-based study enrolled 431 adults and elderly (66.8% women) aged 18 to 87 years living in the surroundings (up to 500 meters) of four OGs. Information about using OGs for PA practice, barriers to use OGs, leisure-time PA, demographic and socioeconomic variables were collected by domiciliary interview. Associations between barriers to use OGs with other included variables were analyzed using Chi-Square test. None barriers was reported for 29.2% (95%CI: 24.9-33.5) of the participants, being almost of then OGs’ users. The most reported barriers to use OGs were lack of time (21.6%; 95%CI: 17.7-25.5), lack of interest (16.5%; 95%CI: 13.0-20.0) and laziness (10.7%; 95%CI: 7.8-13.6). Intrapersonal barriers were more often among men, interpersonal among women and environmental among those with less educational level (p < 0.05). In conclusion, OGs’ users perceived fewer barriers than non-users, and most barriers to the use of OGs were intrapersonal with lack of time being the most prevalent.

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Smoking and the risk of COVID-19 in a large observational population study

10.1101/2020.06.01.20118877 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Ariel Israel ◽

Elan Feldhamer ◽

Amnon Lahad ◽

Diane Levin-Zamir ◽

Gil Lavie

Keyword(s):

Severe Disease ◽

Population Based ◽

Population Based Study ◽

Current Smoking ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Infection Mechanisms ◽

Logistic Regressions ◽

The Impact ◽

Positive Results ◽

Control Study

AbstractBACKGROUNDSmokers are generally more susceptible to infectious respiratory diseases and are at higher risk of developing severe complications from these infections. Conflicting reports exist regarding the impact of smoking on the risk of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).METHODSWe carried out a population-based study among over 3,000,000 adult members of Clalit Health Services, the largest health provider in Israel. Since the beginning of the disease outbreak, and until May 16, 2020, over 145,000 adults underwent RT-PCR testing for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and 3.3% had positive results. We performed a case-control study among patients who underwent SARS-CoV-2 testing, to assess the impact of smoking on infection incidence and severity. Individuals with positive tests were matched in a 1:5 ratio to individuals tested negative, of the same sex, age, and ethnicity/religion. Conditional logistic regressions were performed to evaluate odds ratios for current and previous smoking on the risk of testing positive. Multivariable logistic regressions were performed among patients infected with COVID-19 to estimate the association between smoking and fatal or severe disease requiring ventilation. Regressions were performed with and without adjustment for preexisting medical conditions.RESULTSCurrent smokers (9.8%) were significantly less prevalent among members tested positive compared to the general population (19.4%, P<0.001), and to matched members tested negative (18.2%, P<0.001). Current smoking was associated with significantly reduced odds ratio (OR) for testing positive OR=0.447 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.400-0.501). Among patients tested positive, there was no evidence of significantly increased risk of developing severe or fatal disease.CONCLUSIONThe risk of infection by COVID-19 appears to be reduced by half among current smokers. This intriguing finding may reveal unique infection mechanisms present for COVID-19 which may be targeted to combat the disease and reduce its infection rate.

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Risk Factors of Orofacial Pain: A Population-Based Study in West Java Province, Indonesia

The Open Dentistry Journal ◽

10.2174/1874210601711010710 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 710-717 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Rasmi Rikmasari ◽

Gilang Yubiliana ◽

Tantry Maulina

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Orofacial Pain ◽

Population Based ◽

West Java ◽

Chi Square ◽

Population Based Study ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Chi Square Test

Background: The management of orofacial pain in Indonesia has not been well performed, which consequently led to an increase in the orofacial pain occurrences and a decreased quality of life. One of the possible reasons for this particular matter is the lack of evaluation on the risk factors that might induce orofacial pain in some individuals. Objective: The objective of the current study was to evaluate the risk factors of orofacial pain on productive age population in West Java province, Indonesia. Methods: One thousand and fifty-six participants (522 males; 534 females) were recruited for the study. A questionnaire that consists of demographic questions and questions evaluating several assumed risk factors for orofacial pain was used in a single interview. All data was analyzed by using Chi Square test to test the significance, Odds Ratio (OR), as well as Relative Risk (RR) by using SPSS version 23 (IBM Statistic, USA). Results: The result of the current study revealed that bruxism (p<0.01), daytime clenching (p<0.01), and unilateral chewing (p<0.01) were significantly related to the occurrence of orofacial pain. It was also found that participants who performed multitude of heavy liftings at work have an increased risk (RR=1.19: 95% CI: 1.04 – 1.35) of having orofacial pain compared to those who do not. Conclusion: Risk factors for the occurrence of orofacial pain on productive age population in Indonesian sample consisted of oral parafunctional habits and non-parafunctional habits, such as heavy lifting. Further study in this particular topic is of importance.

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HUBUNGAN ANTARA USIA, PARITAS, PEKERJAAN DAN INDEK MASSA TUBUH DENGAN KEJADIAN PROLAP ORGAN PANGGUL BERDASARKAN SKOR PELVIC ORGAN PROLAPSE QUANTIFICATION

JOURNAL OBGIN EMAS ◽

10.25077/aogj.2.1.39-44.2018 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 39-44

Author(s):

Ermawati Ermawati ◽

Hafni Bachtiar

Keyword(s):

Pelvic Organ Prolapse ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Pelvic Organ ◽

Case Control ◽

T Test ◽

Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification ◽

Chi Square ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Control Study

Prolap organ panggul merupakan kondisi yang mempengaruhi kualitas hidup wanita. Prolaps organ panggul ini dapat disebabkan oleh perlukaan sewaktu proses persalinan, proses penuaan, komposisi jaringan pada seorang wanita, batuk- batuk kronis, atau sering melakukan pekerjaan berat. Pengenalan dini prolaps terkait dengan prognosis pemulihan anatomik dan fungsional organ panggul. Hingga kini, penerapannya dalam dunia klinis belum banyak sehingga pelatihan dan pembelajaran lebih lanjut tentang pelvic organ prolapse quantification (POPQ) jelas diperlukan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode case control study di polikilinik Obgin RSUP. Dr. M. Djamil Padang mulai bulan September 2013 sampai jumlah sampel terpenuhi sebanyak 98 orang. Dengan 49 orang kelompok kontrol dan 49 orang kelompok kasus .Analisis dilakukan untuk menilai hubungan usia, paritas, pekerjaan dan indek massa tubuh dengan kejadian prolap organ panggul berdasarkan skor POPQ. Data disajikan dalam bentuk tabel. Data diuji dengan t test dan chi square test. Jika p<0,05 menunjukan hasil yang bermakna. Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara usia dengan kejadian prolap organ panggul dengan (p<0,05) dan OR 27,871.terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara paritas dengan kejadian prolap organ panggul dengan (p<0,05) dan OR 52,970.Dari analisa statistik pekerjaan tidak bisa di uji secara statistik.indek massa tubuh tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna terhadap kejadian prolap organ panggul.(p>0,05)

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Changes in cannabis use according to socioeconomic status among Finnish adolescents from 2000 to 2015

Journal of Cannabis Research ◽

10.1186/s42238-020-00052-y ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Noora Knaappila ◽

Mauri Marttunen ◽

Sari Fröjd ◽

Nina Lindberg ◽

Riittakerttu Kaltiala

Keyword(s):

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Parental Education ◽

Population Based ◽

Cannabis Use ◽

Chi Square ◽

Socioeconomic Groups ◽

Parental Unemployment ◽

The Usa ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

School Survey

Abstract Background Despite reduced sanctions and more permissive attitudes toward cannabis use in the USA and Europe, the prevalences of adolescent cannabis use have remained rather stable in the twenty-first century. However, whether trends in adolescent cannabis use differ between socioeconomic groups is not known. The aim of this study was to examine trends in cannabis use according to socioeconomic status among Finnish adolescents from 2000 to 2015. Methods A population-based school survey was conducted biennially among 14–16-year-old Finns between 2000 and 2015 (n = 761,278). Distributions for any and frequent cannabis use over time according to socioeconomic adversities were calculated using crosstabs and chi-square test. Associations between any and frequent cannabis use, time, and socioeconomic adversities were studied using binomial logistic regression results shown by odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. Results At the overall level, the prevalences of lifetime and frequent cannabis use varied only slightly between 2000 and 2015. Cannabis use was associated with socioeconomic adversities (parental unemployment in the past year, low parental education, and not living with both parents). The differences in any and frequent cannabis use between socioeconomic groups increased significantly over the study period. Conclusions Although the overall changes in the prevalence of adolescent cannabis use were modest, cannabis use increased markedly among adolescents with the most socioeconomic adversities. Socioeconomic adversities should be considered in the prevention of adolescent cannabis use.

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Changes in Six-Month Prevalence of Circulatory System Diseases among People Aged 20 Years and Older between 2013 and 2018 in Hunan, China

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18052599 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (5) ◽

pp. 2599

Author(s):

Zhenzhen Rao ◽

Junjie Hua ◽

Ruotong Li ◽

Yanhong Fu ◽

Jie Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Age Groups ◽

Circulatory System ◽

Population Based ◽

Hunan Province ◽

Rural Residents ◽

Chi Square ◽

Circulatory System Diseases ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Urban Rural ◽

Socio Demographic Factors

Recent changes in population-based prevalence for circulatory system diseases (CSDs) remain unreported either nationally or locally for China. Data were from the two-round health service household interview survey of Hunan Province, China, in 2013 and 2018. A Rao–Scott chi-square test was performed to examine prevalence differences across socio-demographic variables. The overall age-standardized prevalence of CSDs increased substantially between 2013 and 2018 for inhabitants aged 20 years and older (14.25% vs. 21.25%; adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.24–2.04). Hypertensive disease was the most prevalent type of CSD, accounting for 87.24% and 83.83% of all CSDs in 2013 and in 2018, respectively. After controlling for other socio-demographic factors, the prevalence of CSDs was significantly higher in 2018 (adjusted OR = 1.40), urban residents (adjusted OR = 1.43), females (adjusted OR = 1.12) and older age groups (adjusted OR = 5.36 for 50–59 years, 9.51 for 60–69 years, 15.19 for 70–79 years, and 12.90 for 80 years and older) than in 2013, rural residents, males and the youngest age group (20–49 years). The recent increase in the overall age-standardized CSD prevalence and the large prevalence disparities across urban/rural residents, sex and age groups merit the attention of policymakers and researchers. Further prevention efforts are needed to curb the increasing tendency and to reduce the prevalence of disparities across socio-demographic groups.

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