The Influence of Running and Dancing on the Occurrence and Progression of Premenstrual Disorders

Background: The aim of the study was to assess the influence of both physical activity, such as running and dancing, and the personal characteristics of the studied women on the occurrence and progression of premenstrual disorder (PMD). Methods: We surveyed 414 women aged 22–48 who were experiencing the menstrual cycle but not using hormonal contraception. There were two physically active groups, runners (N = 215) and Argentine tango dancers (N = 94), and there was one group not undertaking any physical activity—the control group (N = 104). The research was conducted using the researchers’ own questionnaire. Results: The number of days of PMD symptoms in the tango vs. runner vs. control groups are as follows: pre-bleeding (mean: 4.14 vs. 4.86 vs. 4.85; p = 0.024), after the onset of bleeding (mean: 1.76 vs. 2.39 vs. 2.16; p = 0.001), and in total (mean: 5.94 vs. 7.25 vs. 7.01; p < 0.001). The regression analysis results without grouping results are as follows: the number of days of symptoms before bleeding and menarche (B: −0.16; 95% CIs: from −0.29 to −0.04; p = 0.011), the total duration of symptoms and menarche (B: −0.17; 95% CIs: from −0.32 to −0.01; p = 0.036), lower abdominal pain and age (B: −0.05; 95% CIs: 0.92–0.98; p = 0.002), diarrhoea (B: −0.08; 95% CIs: 0.88–0.97; p < 0.001), tearfulness, depressive states and age (B: −0.06; 95% CIs: 0.91–0.97; p < 0.001), skin problems and age (B: −0.05; 95% CIs: 0.92–0.98; p = 0.004), joint pain and age (B: −0.09; 95% CIs: 0.86–0.96; p = 0.001), pain in the lumbar spine (B: −0.06, 95% CIs: 0.91–0.98; p = 0.001), water retention and BMI (B: 0.09; 95% CIs: 0.92–0.98; p = 0.007), and water retention and menarche (B: −0.19; 95% CIs: 0.73–0.94; p = 0.003). Information: generally there is one regression model, we have several here, we have a bit the description. Conclusions: Physical activity such as dancing (tango) shortens the duration of PMD symptoms but does not completely eliminate them. Running does not have as beneficial an effect on symptom relief as dancing. Current age, age when menstruation began (menarche), and BMI were revealed to be important factors influencing the symptoms of premenstrual disorders.

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Physically Active Breaks in the Teaching Process

Collegium Antropologicum ◽

10.5671/ca.45.3.7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 45 (3) ◽

pp. 235-242

Author(s):

Ivan Holik ◽

Vesna Štemberger ◽

Petra Pejić Papak ◽

Vilko Petrić ◽

Matea Kitak

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Educational Achievement ◽

Positive Influence ◽

Educational Process ◽

T Test ◽

Control Group ◽

Teaching Process ◽

Physically Active ◽

Active Breaks ◽

The Impact

The aim of this research is to study the impact of physically active breaks, accompanied by video materials, on the level of pupils’ educational achievement and their attitudes toward physically active breaks during the teaching process in the classroom. The research lasted for two months, and the apposite sample consisted of a total of 38 pupils aged 10 to 11. The influence of physically active breaks on the educational achievement was estimated by the percentage of correct answers in the tasks of mathematics, while the Croatian version of the questionnaire Attitudes towards the Physical Activity Scale (APAS) was used for evaluating the attitudes toward physically active breaks with video materials. Differ ences between the initial and final measuring inside the same group were tested by the Student’s dependent sample t-test, while for differences between the experimental and control group the Student’s independent sample t-test was used. The obtained results showed that the ability to solve mathematical tasks in the experimental group has significantly improved when compared to the control one and that physically active breaks have a positive influence on the pupils’ attitudes toward physical activity. The implementation of physically active breaks into teaching has an impact on pupils’ productivity in the educational process, while at the same time their need for movement is fulfilled.

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Acute Effects of a Short Bout of Physical Activity on Cognitive Function in Sport Students

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17103678 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (10) ◽

pp. 3678

Author(s):

Martin Niedermeier ◽

Elisabeth M. Weiss ◽

Lisa Steidl-Müller ◽

Martin Burtscher ◽

Martin Kopp

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Visual Attention ◽

Control Group ◽

Affective States ◽

Sedentary Control ◽

Post Intervention ◽

Physically Active ◽

Activity Group ◽

Physical Activity Group ◽

Active Sport

Physical activity is a promising intervention to restore cognitive function after prolonged sedentary periods. However, little is known about the effect of short physical activity bouts on cognition especially among individuals that are used to physical activity. Therefore, the goal of the present study was to assess the impact of a single ten-minute physical activity bout on the cognitive domain of visual attention compared to sedentary behavior in a population of physically active sport students. Using a randomized controlled design, 51 healthy and physically active sport students [mean age: 22.3 (SD: 2.0) years, 33.3% female] were allocated to one of the following interventions in the break of a two-hour study course: physical activity group (running for ten minutes) and sedentary control group. Visual attention was measured post-intervention using a modified trail making test. Pre-, post-, and 30 min after intervention, perceived attention, and affective states were measured. Between-group comparisons were used to analyze whether visual attention and/or changes in perceived attention or affective states differed between groups. The physical activity group showed significantly higher visual attention post-intervention compared with the sedentary control group, p = 0.003, d = 0.89. Perceived attention, p = 0.006, d = 0.87, and arousal, p < 0.001, d = 1.68, showed a significantly larger pre- and post-intervention increase in the physical activity group compared with the sedentary control group, which was not evident 30 min after intervention. A single ten-minute running intervention in study breaks might help to restore the basal visual attentional domain of cognition after prolonged sedentary periods more effectively compared with common sedentary behavior in breaks between study lessons.

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Sedentary Death Syndrome

Canadian Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1139/h04-029 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. 447-460 ◽

Cited By ~ 65

Author(s):

Simon J. Lees ◽

Frank W. Booth

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Physical Activity ◽

Chronic Diseases ◽

Physical Inactivity ◽

Scientific Basis ◽

Control Group ◽

Physically Active ◽

Public Health Burden ◽

The Impact ◽

Active Controls

Sedentary death syndrome (SeDS) is a major public health burden due to its causing multiple chronic diseases and millions of premature deaths each year. Despite the impact of physical inactivity, very little is known about the actual causes of physical inactivity-induced chronic diseases. It is important to study the mechanisms underlying molecular changes related to physical inactivity in order to better understand the scientific basis of individualized exercise prescription and the rapies for chronic diseases, and to support improved public health efforts by providing molecular proof that physical inactivity is an actual cause of chronic diseases. Physical activity has a genetic basis. A subpopulation of genes, which have functioned to support physical activity for survival through most of humankind's existence, require daily exercise to maintain long-term health and vitality. Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is an example of a SeDS condition, as it is almost entirely preventable with physical activity. To determine the true role of physical inactivity in the development and progression of T2D, information is presented which indicates that comparisons should be made to physically active controls, rather than sedentary controls, as this population is the healthiest. Use of sedentary subjects as the control group has led to potentially misleading interpretations. If physically active individuals were designated as the control group, a different interpretation would have been drawn. It is thought that there is no difference in GLUT4 concentration between T2D and sedentary groups. However, GLUT4 expression is higher in active controls than in sedentary and T2D groups. Therefore, to obtain causal mechanisms for SeDS in order to allow for scientifically based prevention and therapy strategies, physically active subjects must serve as the control group. Key words: physical inactivity, chronic diseases, diabetes, glucose

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Physically Active Lessons Meta-Analysis - Norris et al. POST-PRINT

10.31234/osf.io/xdusz ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Emma Norris ◽

Tommy van Steen ◽

Artur Direito ◽

Emmanuel Stamatakis

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Health Outcomes ◽

Educational Outcomes ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Risk Of Bias ◽

Control Group ◽

Physically Active ◽

Meta Analyses

Objective: This review provides the first meta-analysis of the effects of physically active lessons on lesson-time and overall physical activity (PA), as well as health, cognition and educational outcomes. Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Six meta-analyses pooled effects on lesson-time PA, overall PA, in-class educational and overall educational outcomes, cognition and health outcomes. Meta-analyses were conducted using the metafor package in R. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane tool for risk of bias. Data sources: PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, ERIC and Web of Science, grey literature and reference lists were searched in December 2017 and April 2019. Studies eligibility criteria: Physically active lessons compared to a control group in a randomised or non-randomised design, within single component interventions in general school populations. Results: 42 studies (39 in preschool or elementary school settings, 27 randomised controlled trials) were eligible for inclusion in the systematic review and 37 of them were included across the six meta-analyses (n=12,663). Physically active lessons were found to produce large, significant increases in lesson-time PA (d=2.33; 95%CI 1.42, 3.25: k=16) and small, significant effects on overall PA (d= 0.32, 95%CI 0.18, 0.46: k=8). A large, significant effect was shown on lesson-time educational outcomes (d=0.81; 95%CI 0.47, 1.14: k=7) and a small, significant effect on overall educational outcomes (d=0.36, 95%CI [0.09, 0.63], k=25). No effects were seen on cognitive (k=3) or health outcomes (k=3). 25/42 studies had high risk of bias in at least 2 domains. Conclusion: In elementary and preschool settings, when physically active lessons were added into the curriculum they had a positive impact on both physical activity and educational outcomes. These findings support policy initiatives encouraging the incorporation of physically active lessons into teaching in elementary and preschool settings.

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P–640 High physical activity and ovarian reserve: A prospective study of normo-ovulatory professional athletes

Human Reproduction ◽

10.1093/humrep/deab130.639 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

N Miller ◽

Y Pasternak ◽

C Dornstein ◽

E Haiki. Herzberger ◽

N Zada ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Ovarian Reserve ◽

Inhibin B ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Control Group ◽

Age At Menarche ◽

Physically Active ◽

High Physical Activity ◽

Reproductive Age Women ◽

Ovarian Reserve Markers

Abstract Study question Is high physical activity (HPA) associated with low ovarian reserve in normo-ovulatory, reproductive-age women? Summary answer HPA does not affect ovarian reserve negatively. What is known already HPA is associated with menstrual irregularities and subsequent potential infertility, probably through hypothalamic neuroendocrine pathways. However, it is not yet known whether HPA influences the ovarian reserves of normo-ovulatory, reproductive-age women. Study design, size, duration This observational, cross-sectional study compared 30 professional female athletes who were engaged in HPA for at least 3 years prior to study recruitment, with high International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) scores and 30 women who did not engage in physical activity. The study was conducted at a tertiary medical center from 2017–2020. Participants/materials, setting, methods Physically active, normo-ovulatory women (n = 30), ages 20–35 years were recruited from The Wingate Institute, the Israeli National Institute for Sport Excellence. Non-physically active women (n = 30), matched by age and BMI to the HPA group, were recruited from the hospital staff. Both groups were evaluated for ovarian reserve markers on day 2–5 of the menstrual cycle, including follicular stimulating hormone (FSH), antral follicle count (AFC), anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) and Inhibin B. Main results and the role of chance The average age of the athletes (HPA group) was 30.1±2.1 years and of the nonactive (control) group 31.6±3.8 years (p = 0.071). BMI of the 2 groups was similar (22.6±2.4 vs. 21.3±2.6; p = 0.075) for the HPA and control groups, respectively. Regarding ovarian reserve, no significant differences were observed between the HPA group and the control group with respect to FSH (p = 0.304), AFC (p = 0.27), AMH (0.507) or Inhibin B (p = 0.074). For the HPA group, older age at menarche was positively associated with AFC (p = 0.008) and AMH (p = 0.009) and not with FSH levels (p = 0.313). For the nonactive group, no significant association between age at menarche and FSH levels, AFC or AMH was found (p = 0.433, p = 0.274 and p = 0.163, respectively). Additionally, for the HPA group, duration of physical activity per week (hours) was not significantly associated with FSH levels, AFC or AMH (p = 0.619, p = 0.608 or p = 0.997, respectively). Limitations, reasons for caution Although we investigated the ovarian reserves of 30 women engaged in HPA, a larger cohort would provide more information. Information on diet and sleep habits was not evaluated and may result in some confounding. Moreover, it would be more informative if we also followed these women regarding fecundability and fertility. Wider implications of the findings: This study demonstrated that HPA may not negatively affect ovarian reserve markers. These findings may provide reassurance for women who are engaged in HPA and attempting pregnancy. Further research needs s to be confuted. Trial registration number 0247–16

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Physical activity in type 1 diabetic young and early adults treated with insulin pump therapy. A preliminary report.

Progress in Health Sciences ◽

10.5604/01.3001.0013.3689 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. 13-21

Author(s):

A. Roszkowski ◽

K. Kulesza ◽

M. Cybulski ◽

A.M. Witkowska

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Insulin Pump ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Insulin Pump Therapy ◽

Control Group ◽

Pump Therapy ◽

Physically Active ◽

Self Monitoring

Purpose: To determine the level of physical activity in young and early adults with type 1 diabetes in comparison with their healthy counterparts and to determine whether the use of insulin pump facilitates physical activity. Materials and methods: This study included 40 type 1 diabetes (T1D) subjects of both sexes treated with a personal insulin pump therapy, and 30 healthy controls. The diagnostic survey included questions about nutrition, knowledge about the disease and whether the patient can control diabetes through physical activity, diet and self-monitoring. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire – long form (IPAQ-L), was used to assess the level of physical activity of both diabetic and control individuals. Results: 87.5% T1D subjects believe that using an insulin pump facilitates their physical activity. The level of physical activity associated with cycling (p=0.038) and vigorous physical activity (p=0.008) was higher in T1D than in the control group. Statistically significant differences (p=0.043) were found for total physical activity. The total mean activity was higher in participants with T1D (8147.70 MET-min/week) compared to the control group (5857.55 MET-min/week). Conclusions: Young and early adults with type 1 diabetes may be more physically active than their healthy counterparts, mainly in their leisure time. The use of a personal insulin pump facilitates physical activity, but most diabetics experience episodes of hypoglycemia after physical activity.

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Predictors of Longitudinal Changes in Older Adults’ Physical Activity Engagement

Journal of Aging and Physical Activity ◽

10.1123/japa.18.2.141 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 141-157 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Jiska Cohen-Mansfield ◽

Dov Shmotkin ◽

Shira Goldberg

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Older Adults ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Personal Characteristics ◽

Female Gender ◽

Cognitive Status ◽

Physically Active ◽

Activity Engagement ◽

The Face

The study aimed to investigate factors influencing older adults’ physical activity engagement over time. The authors analyzed 3 waves of data from a sample of Israelis age 75–94 (Wave 1n= 1,369, Wave 2n= 687, Wave 3n= 154). Findings indicated that physical activity engagement declined longitudinally. Logistic regressions showed that female gender, older age, and taking more medications were significant risk factors for stopping exercise at Wave 2 in those physically active at Wave 1. In addition, higher functional and cognitive status predicted initiating exercise at Wave 2 in those who did not exercise at Wave 1. By clarifying the influence of personal characteristics on physical activity engagement in the Israeli old-old, this study sets the stage for future investigation and intervention, stressing the importance of targeting at-risk populations, accommodating risk factors, and addressing both the initiation and the maintenance of exercise in the face of barriers.

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Barriers and facilitators of physical activity in knee and hip osteoarthritis: a systematic review of qualitative evidence

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017042 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (12) ◽

pp. e017042 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Archontissa M Kanavaki ◽

Alison Rushton ◽

Nikolaos Efstathiou ◽

Asma Alrushud ◽

Rainer Klocke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Social Policy ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Symptom Relief ◽

Hip Osteoarthritis ◽

Barriers And Facilitators ◽

Physically Active ◽

Knee Oa ◽

Qualitative Evidence

Physical activity (PA), including engagement in structured exercise, has a key role in the management of hip and knee osteoarthritis (OA). However, maintaining a physically active lifestyle is a challenge for people with OA. PA determinants in this population need to be understood better so that they can be optimised by public health or healthcare interventions and social policy changes.ObjectivesThe primary aim of this study is to conduct a systematic review of the existing qualitative evidence on barriers and facilitators of PA for patients with hip or knee OA. Secondary objective is to explore differences in barriers and facilitators between (1) lifestyle PA and exercise and (2) PA uptake and maintenance.MethodsMedline, Embase, Web of Science, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, SPORTDiscus, Scopus, Grey literature and qualitative journals were searched. Critical Appraisal Skills Programme—Qualitative checklist and Lincoln and Guba’s criteria were used for quality appraisal. Thematic synthesis was applied.FindingsTen studies were included, seven focusing on exercise regimes, three on overall PA. The findings showed a good fit with the biopsychosocial model of health. Aiming at symptom relief and mobility, positive exercise experiences and beliefs, knowledge, a ‘keep going’ attitude, adjusting and prioritising PA, having healthcare professionals’ and social support emerged as PA facilitators. Pain and physical limitations; non-positive PA experiences, beliefs and information; OA-related distress; a resigned attitude; lack of motivation, behavioural regulation, professional support and negative social comparison with coexercisers were PA barriers. All themes were supported by high and medium quality studies. Paucity of data did not allow for the secondary objectives to be explored.ConclusionOur findings reveal a complex interplay among physical, personal including psychological and social-environmental factors corresponding to the facilitation and hindrance of PA, particularly exercise, engagement. Further research on the efficacy of individualised patient education, psychological interventions or social policy change to promote exercise engagement and lifestyle PA in individuals with lower limb OA is required.Trial registration numberCRD42016030024.

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cfDNA Changes in Maximal Exercises as a Sport Adaptation Predictor

Genes ◽

10.3390/genes12081238 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (8) ◽

pp. 1238

Author(s):

Kinga Humińska-Lisowska ◽

Jan Mieszkowski ◽

Andrzej Kochanowicz ◽

Błażej Stankiewicz ◽

Bartłomiej Niespodziński ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Tissue Injury ◽

Control Group ◽

Plasma Dna ◽

Wingate Anaerobic Test ◽

Physically Active ◽

Exercise Load ◽

Potential Marker ◽

Different Types

Changes of circulating free plasma DNA (cfDNA) are associated with different types of tissue injury, including those induced by intensive aerobic and anaerobic exercises. Observed changes are dependent from induced inflammation, and thus it may be a potential marker for athletic overtraining. We aimed to identify the response of cfDNA to different types of exercise, with association to exercise intensity as a potential marker of exercise load. Fifty volunteers (25 athletes and 25 physically active men) were assigned to the study and performed maximal aerobic (Bruce test) and anaerobic (Wingate Anaerobic Test) test. Blood samples for cfDNA analysis were collected at four time-points: before, 2–5 min after, 30 min after and 60 min after each type of maximal physical activity. The two-way ANOVA revealed a significant effect of group factor on serum cfDNA concentrations (32.15% higher concentration of cfDNA in the athletes). In turn the results of the post hoc test for the interaction of the repeated measures factor and the group showed that while the concentration of cfDNA decreased by 40.10% in the period from 30 min to 60 min after exercise in the control group, the concentration of cfDNA in the group of athletes remained at a similar level. Our analysis presents different responses depending on the intensity and duration of exercise. Our observations imply that formation of cfDNA is associated with response to physical activity but only during maximal effort.

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A Pedometer-Based Physically Active Learning Intervention: The Importance of Using Preintervention Physical Activity Categories to Assess Effectiveness

Pediatric Exercise Science ◽

10.1123/pes.2018-0128 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 31 (3) ◽

pp. 356-362 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jade L. Morris ◽

Andy Daly-Smith ◽

Margaret A. Defeyter ◽

Jim McKenna ◽

Steve Zwolinsky ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Active Learning ◽

Sedentary Time ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Primary School Children ◽

Control Group ◽

Physically Active ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Learning Intervention

Purpose: To assess physical activity outcomes of a pedometer-based physically active learning (PAL) intervention in primary school children. Methods: Six paired schools were randomly allocated to either a 6-week teacher-led pedometer-based physically active learning intervention or a control (n = 154, female = 60%, age = 9.9 [0.3] y). Accelerometers assessed total daily sedentary time, light physical activity (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Preintervention mean daily MVPA minutes grouped participants as Low Active (<45 min/d) and High Active (≥45 min/d). Results: From the final sample size, the intervention (n = 52) significantly improved LPA versus control (n = 31, P = .04), by reducing sedentary time. More intervention (+10%) than control (+3%) pupils met the 60 minutes per day guidelines. In both intervention subgroups, pupils spent less time in LPA (P < .05) versus control. The greatest nonsignificant increase was found in the Low Active pupils MVPA levels. Conclusions: Improvements in LPA were statistically significant in the intervention versus control group. In subgroup analysis, Low Active pupils in the intervention showed the greatest beneficial effects and the Most Active pupils may have replaced MVPA and sedentary time with LPA. The intervention group housed clusters of pupils showing variable responsiveness, justifying routine examination of subgroup variability in future studies.

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