scholarly journals Collection of Data on Sex, Sexual Orientation, and Gender Identity by U.S. Public Health Data and Monitoring Systems, 2015–2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 12189
Author(s):  
Alissa C. Kress ◽  
Asia Asberry ◽  
Julio Dicent Taillepierre ◽  
Michelle M. Johns ◽  
Pattie Tucker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Gender Identity ◽  
Health Data ◽  
Monitoring Systems ◽  
Data Systems ◽  
Public Health Data ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
And Gender

We aimed to assess Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) data systems on the extent of data collection on sex, sexual orientation, and gender identity as well as on age and race/ethnicity. Between March and September 2019, we searched 11 federal websites to identify CDC-supported or -led U.S. data systems active between 2015 and 2018. We searched the systems’ website, documentation, and publications for evidence of data collection on sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, age, and race/ethnicity. We categorized each system by type (disease notification, periodic prevalence survey, registry/vital record, or multiple sources). We provide descriptive statistics of characteristics of the identified systems. Most (94.1%) systems we assessed collected data on sex. All systems collected data on age, and approximately 80% collected data on race/ethnicity. Only 17.7% collected data on sexual orientation and 5.9% on gender identity. Periodic prevalence surveys were the most common system type for collecting all the variables we assessed. While most U.S. public health data and monitoring systems collect data disaggregated by sex, age, and race/ethnicity, far fewer do so for sexual orientation or gender identity. Standards and examples exist to aid efforts to collect and report these vitally important data. Additionally important is increasing accessibility and appropriately tailored dissemination of reports of these data to public health professionals and other collaborators.

Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity Data Collection: Clinical and Public Health Importance

2020 ◽  
Vol 110 (7) ◽  
pp. 991-993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl G. Streed ◽  
Chris Grasso ◽  
Sari L. Reisner ◽  
Kenneth H. Mayer
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Gender Identity ◽  
Public Health Importance ◽  
And Gender

scholarly journals Opportunities and Challenges in Public Health Data Collection in Southern Asia: Examples from Western India and Kathmandu Valley, Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amruta Nori-Sarma ◽  
Anobha Gurung ◽  
Gulrez Azhar ◽  
Ajit Rajiva ◽  
Dileep Mavalankar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Health Data ◽  
Kathmandu Valley ◽  
Western India ◽  
Southern Asia ◽  
Public Health Data

Testing Mark-all-that-apply Measures of Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity

Field Methods ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip S. Brenner ◽  
Justine Bulgar-Medina
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Gender Identity ◽  
Data Quality ◽  
Forced Choice ◽  
Social Identities ◽  
Factorial Survey ◽  
Survey Experiment ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
And Gender

Many social identities (e.g., race, ethnicity) are measured using mark-all-that-apply (MATA) questions because they allow survey respondents to account for the multiple, nonexclusive ways in which they identify themselves. We test the use of MATA measures of sexual orientation and gender identity and compare them with forced choice (FC), an alternative format using a series of yes-or-no questions. Respondents, including an oversample of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and queer (LGBQ) individuals, participated in a 2 × 3 factorial survey experiment. For the first factor, we hypothesize that respondents randomly assigned to FC will report a higher count of identities than those assigned to MATA. For the second factor, we hypothesize that increased topic salience will help LGBQ respondents in particular to overcome poor question design. Findings suggest that MATA and FC measure comparably when question writing best practices are followed, but topic salience can yield higher data quality when poorly formatted questions are used.

scholarly journals Collection of Data on Race, Ethnicity, Language, and Nativity by US Public Health Surveillance and Monitoring Systems: Gaps and Opportunities

2017 ◽  
Vol 133 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfonso Rodriguez-Lainz ◽  
Mariana McDonald ◽  
Maureen Fonseca-Ford ◽  
Ana Penman-Aguilar ◽  
Stephen H. Waterman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Public Health Surveillance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Surveillance ◽  
Monitoring Systems ◽  
Primary Language ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
Race Ethnicity

Objective: Despite increasing diversity in the US population, substantial gaps in collecting data on race, ethnicity, primary language, and nativity indicators persist in public health surveillance and monitoring systems. In addition, few systems provide questionnaires in foreign languages for inclusion of non-English speakers. We assessed (1) the extent of data collected on race, ethnicity, primary language, and nativity indicators (ie, place of birth, immigration status, and years in the United States) and (2) the use of data-collection instruments in non-English languages among Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)–supported public health surveillance and monitoring systems in the United States. Methods: We identified CDC-supported surveillance and health monitoring systems in place from 2010 through 2013 by searching CDC websites and other federal websites. For each system, we assessed its website, documentation, and publications for evidence of the variables of interest and use of data-collection instruments in non-English languages. We requested missing information from CDC program officials, as needed. Results: Of 125 data systems, 100 (80%) collected data on race and ethnicity, 2 more collected data on ethnicity but not race, 26 (21%) collected data on racial/ethnic subcategories, 40 (32%) collected data on place of birth, 21 (17%) collected data on years in the United States, 14 (11%) collected data on immigration status, 13 (10%) collected data on primary language, and 29 (23%) used non-English data-collection instruments. Population-based surveys and disease registries more often collected data on detailed variables than did case-based, administrative, and multiple-source systems. Conclusions: More complete and accurate data on race, ethnicity, primary language, and nativity can improve the quality, representativeness, and usefulness of public health surveillance and monitoring systems to plan and evaluate targeted public health interventions to eliminate health disparities.

Public Health Data Collection and Implementation of the Revised Common Rule

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 232-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa M. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Public Health Surveillance ◽  
Health Data ◽  
Health Surveillance ◽  
Common Rule ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Health Data ◽  
First Time

For the first time, the revised Common Rule specifies that public health surveillance activities are not research. This article reviews the historical development of the public health surveillance exclusion and implications for other foundational public health practices.

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