scholarly journals A Review of the Migration and Transformation of Microplastics in Inland Water Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 148
Author(s):  
Yamei Cai ◽  
Chen Li ◽  
Yaqian Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Marine Environment ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Freshwater Environment ◽  
Inland Water ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Transformation Mechanisms ◽  
Lakes And Reservoirs ◽  
Transformation Processes

Plastic productions continue to grow, and improper management of plastic wastes has raised increasing concerns. This reflects the need to explore the microplastics in water bodies. Microplastics have been regarded as emerging pollutants in water systems. In recent years, large numbers of studies across the world were conducted to investigate the distribution, behavior and the integrated impacts of microplastics in both the marine environment and the freshwater environment. Compared with the marine environment, the migration and transformation of microplastics in inland water systems seem more informative as they may reach the marine environment as one of their final destinations. Based on the updated literature, this review aims at overviewing the migration and transformation processes/behavior of microplastics in rivers, lakes and reservoirs. As for the migration, the microplastics’ fate is from manufacturing, consuming, discarding to migrating and returning to the human society which could form a closed though complicated circle. For transformation, microplastics experience five stages of their fate in inland water systems. These include changing into suspending pieces; ending up deposited as the sediment; resuspending under various changing conditions; ending up via burying into the soil as the part of the riverbed; reaching the marine environment; and being ingested by organisms and also becoming entangled with aquatic plants, etc. It is highly expected that this review can provide a valuable reference for better understanding microplastics’ migration and transformation mechanisms and a guide for the future study of microplastics in an inland water environment.

scholarly journals Advances in Environmental Hydraulics

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1192
Author(s):  
Carlo Gualtieri ◽  
Dongdong Shao ◽  
Athanasios Angeloudis
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Natural Water ◽  
Environmental Water ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Scientific Study ◽  
Environmental Hydraulics ◽  
Transport And Transformation ◽  
Water Flows ◽  
Transformation Processes

Environmental Hydraulics (EH) is the scientific study of environmental water flows and their related transport and transformation processes affecting the environmental quality of natural water systems, such as rivers, lakes, and aquifers, on our planet Earth [...]

The Presence of Coliform Bacteria in Canadian Pulp and Paper Mill Water Systems — a Cause for Concern?

2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick Archibald
Keyword(s):  
Health Hazard ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Enteric Bacteria ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Current Understanding ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Pulp And Paper Mill ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Large Numbers

Abstract A question raised again and again over many decades by pulp and paper mill personnel and local authorities in many countries is, "Does the finding of large numbers of coliform enteric bacteria in the mill water or biotreatment system indicate a real health hazard for the mill workers or the downstream public?" Some of the difficulties in answering this question arise from the widespread misunderstanding of what coliform indicator (enumeration) tests can tell us. Increasing scientific understanding over the last 30 years has greatly altered the coliform indicator tests, the types of bacteria enumerated, and our ability to distinguish harmless from pathogenic (disease-producing) bacteria. This brief review discusses our current understanding of where and when it is appropriate to use coliform indicator assays and the meaning of the results.

Karyotypes ofGarra rufaandG. ghorensis(Pisces, Cyprinidae) inhabiting the inland water systems of the Jordan basin

2012 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Gorshkova ◽  
S. Gorshkov ◽  
A. Abu-Ras ◽  
D. Golani
Keyword(s):  
Water Systems ◽  
Inland Water

Countermeasure and Research of Jingbo Lake Water Environment Rehabilitation

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 164-167
Author(s):  
Bao Yuan Pan ◽  
Guo Ting Yang ◽  
Yun Ma ◽  
Yi Bin Ren
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Lake Water ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Social Economy ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Large Lakes ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Lakes And Reservoirs

China is a country with a large lakes, with the development of social economy, the water pollution of lakes is more serious, lake’s eutrophication has become the major environmental problems of the China's lakes and reservoirs. This document explains through the investigation and evaluation environment to analyze the current situation and the pollution of Jingbo Lake, and puts forward countermeasures and pollution control environmental protection measures for management of Jingbo Lake, develop and provide technical reference of Jingbo Lake.

scholarly journals On the Dependence of Prion and Amyloid Structure on the Folding Environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (24) ◽  
pp. 13494
Author(s):  
Irena Roterman ◽  
Katarzyna Stapor ◽  
Krzysztof Gądek ◽  
Tomasz Gubała ◽  
Piotr Nowakowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Force Field ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Hydrophobic Core ◽  
External Force Field ◽  
Protein Status ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Transformation Processes

Currently available analyses of amyloid proteins reveal the necessity of the existence of radical structural changes in amyloid transformation processes. The analysis carried out in this paper based on the model called fuzzy oil drop (FOD) and its modified form (FOD-M) allows quantifying the role of the environment, particularly including the aquatic environment. The starting point and basis for the present presentation is the statement about the presence of two fundamentally different methods of organizing polypeptides into ordered conformations—globular proteins and amyloids. The present study shows the source of the differences between these two paths resulting from the specificity of the external force field coming from the environment, including the aquatic and hydrophobic one. The water environment expressed in the fuzzy oil drop model using the 3D Gauss function directs the folding process towards the construction of a micelle-like system with a hydrophobic core in the central part and the exposure of polarity on the surface. The hydrophobicity distribution of membrane proteins has the opposite characteristic: Exposure of hydrophobicity at the surface of the membrane protein with an often polar center (as in the case of ion channels) is expected. The structure of most proteins is influenced by a more or less modified force field generated by water through the appropriate presence of a non-polar (membrane-like) environment. The determination of the proportion of a factor different from polar water enables the assessment of the protein status by indicating factors favoring the structure it represents.

scholarly journals Agrochemical exposure in Sri Lankan inland water systems

2021 ◽  
pp. 100150
Author(s):  
Emma R. Shipley ◽  
Penny Vlahos ◽  
Rohana Chandrajith ◽  
Prasanna Wijerathna
Keyword(s):  
Water Systems ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Inland Water

scholarly journals PERMO-TRIASSIC PALYNOLOGY OF THE WEST TIMOR

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Eko Budi Lelono ◽  
L. Nugrahaningsih ◽  
Dedi Kurniadi
Keyword(s):  
Marine Environment ◽  
Black Shale ◽  
Freshwater Environment ◽  
Tectonic Event ◽  
Palynological Analysis ◽  
Shallow Marine ◽  
Surface Samples ◽  
Calcareous Shale ◽  
Australian Continent ◽  
West Timor

Fifteen surface samples were examined to analyze palynology of the Permo-Triassic sediments of West Timor. The studied samples were collected from the clastic sediment of Bisane Formation which is considered to be the oldest formation. It derives from the Australian continent (Gondwana) following thecollision with the Banda volcanic arc. The Bisane Formation generally comprises thick calcareous sandstone (0.3-5 meters) with shale alternation and abundant marine microfossil of Chrinoid. The appearance of Chrinoid may indicate Permian age and shallow marine environment. Meanwhile, other Bisane sediment shows different lithology in which it is composed of the intercalation of non-calacreous, dark gray to black shale and siltstone showing papery structure and rich in sulphur. Generally, palynological assemblage of the studied samples characterises Permo-Triassic age as indicated by the existence of common striate-bisaccate pollen including Protohaploxypinus samoilovichii, P. fuscus, P. goraiensis, Striatopodocarpidites phaleratus, Pinuspollenites globosaccus and Lunatisporites pellucidus. However, the appearance of trilete-monosaccate spores of Plicatipollenites malabarensis and Cannanoropollis janakii within the non-calcareous shale samples de􀂿 nes the age as Permian or older for these samples. Interestingly, marine dino􀃀 agellates appear to mark calcareous samples suggesting the in􀃀 uence of a marine environment. They disappear from the non-calcareous samples indicating a freshwater environment. By integrating this palynological analysis and Permian tectonic event which is marked by rifting, it can be interpreted that the non-calcareous samples were formed during early syn-rift as evidenced by the occurrence of freshwater deposit (may be lacustrine). Subsequently, following sea level rises during post rift, the depositional environment shifted to shallow marine as indicated by the existence of calcareous Permo-Triassic samples. If this is the case, the appearance of Permo-Triassic sediments provides an opportunity to 􀂿 nd a new petroleum system in the Paleozoic series of West Timor. Source rock is represented by black shale, whereas reservoir is represented by thick sandstone.

Leadership in Sport: Creative Challenges and Encouragement, Optimal Effectiveness in Integral Interactive Transformation and High Effectiveness in Final Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-28
Author(s):  
Julijan Malacko ◽  
Veroljub Stanković ◽  
Emilija Marković ◽  
Ljiljana Arsić
Keyword(s):  
Human Society ◽  
Sports Management ◽  
Information Communication ◽  
Organizational System ◽  
Sports Organizations ◽  
Partial Models ◽  
Business Functions ◽  
Transformation Processes ◽  
Modern Technologies

Summary The aim of the paper is to provide an overview of a series of processes which a leader in sport has to design and realize. The necessity of leadership presence (guidance) in sport can be found in the dynamic polyvalent and multidisciplinary development of contemporary human society, with the added note that management is more closely related to efficiency, and leadership with effectiveness and change. Based on the partial models of the structural and organizational system of sport constructed and presented so far, and the current global analyses of sports management and marketing, quality management, information, communication, scientific and training technology, as well as the analysis of individual models and their mutual interactions, we can conclude that the transformation processes which are in sport defined by applying increasingly more modern technologies, and in the world at large take place in a continued, dynamic and intense manner in sports organizations, should lead to the most efficient, optimal and effective modeling of increasingly newer and more modern creations, conceptions, projections and strategies, so that they could as a consequence lead to the strengthening of the role of specific sports and business functions.

Advances in Fish Tagging and Marking Technology

2012 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Marine Environment ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Freshwater Environment ◽  
Southern Boundary ◽  
Thermal Habitat ◽  
Central California ◽  
Archival Tags ◽  
Thermal Changes ◽  
Seasonal Time Scale ◽  
Thermal Preferences

<i>Abstract</i>.—We deployed archival temperature loggers on juvenile and adult coho salmon <i>Oncorhynchus kisutch </i>and steelhead (anadromous rainbow trout) <i>O. mykiss </i>over both the freshwater and marine portions of their lifecycle in order to study their movements and thermal preferences. Beginning in 2003, loggers were deployed on juvenile coho salmon and juvenile and adult steelhead in a small central California coastal stream. A tag recovery from a coho salmon indicates the fish experienced variable temperatures on a daily to weekly basis in the marine environment (mean 13.3°C, range 10–18°C). Tags recovered from steelhead indicate use of a cooler, more stable, thermal habitat window in the marine environment (mean 11.0°C, range 8–14°C), often with little fluctuation over a period of weeks to months, and most thermal changes occurring at the seasonal time scale. Comparisons of steelhead data with sea surface temperature data suggest a northern migration out of the California Current to a narrow band of habitat that fluctuates between the southern boundary of the Bering Sea and north of the 40th parallel. In the shallow freshwater environment, steelhead appeared to be at the mercy of stream temperatures. However, in the estuary, where thermally variable habitats were available, steelhead used a surprisingly broad temperature range, including entering water thought to challenge their thermal tolerances (>20°C) even when cooler waters were available. Temperature loggers recovered on a local beach and island indicate tagged fish were consumed in the estuary by warm-blooded predators. All of these data coupled with a larger number of passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags, are helping to identify discrete habitats fish are using, exact dates of ocean entry and return, and enhance our understanding of marine survival and predation. Finally, archival tags may be useful in understanding habitat use of pelagic long-migrating species like steelhead, by tracking individuals in areas where other tagging technologies are poorly suited.

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