scholarly journals Analysis of Cryopreservation Protocols and Their Harmful Effects on the Endothelial Integrity of Human Corneas

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (22) ◽  
pp. 12564
Author(s):  
Silvia Rodríguez-Fernández ◽  
Marcelino Álvarez-Portela ◽  
Esther Rendal-Vázquez ◽  
María Piñeiro-Ramil ◽  
Clara Sanjurjo-Rodríguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ph Value ◽  
Tissue Bank ◽  
Aortic Valves ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Corneal Structure ◽  
Temperature Rate ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Endothelial Integrity ◽  
Cryopreservation Protocol ◽  
Harmful Effects

Corneal cryopreservation can partially solve the worldwide concern regarding donor cornea shortage for keratoplasties. In this study, human corneas were cryopreserved using two standard cryopreservation protocols that are employed in the Tissue Bank of the Teresa Herrera Hospital (Spain) to store corneas for tectonic keratoplasties (TK protocol) and aortic valves (AV protocol), and two vitrification protocols, VS55 and DP6. Endothelial viability and general corneal state were evaluated to determine the protocol that provides the best results. The potential corneal cryopreservation protocol was studied in detail taking into consideration some cryopreservation-related variables and the endothelial integrity and stroma arrangement of the resulting cryopreserved corneas. TK corneas showed mostly viable endothelial cells, while the others showed few (AV) or none (DP6 and VS55). The corneal structure was well maintained in TK and AV corneas. TK corneas showed endothelial acellular areas surrounded by injured cells and a normal-like stromal fiber arrangement. Cryoprotectant solutions of the TK protocol presented an increasing osmolality and a physiological pH value. Cooling temperature rate of TK protocol was of 1 °C/min to −40 °C and 3 °C/min to −120 °C, and almost all of dimethyl sulfoxide left the tissue after washing. Future studies should be done changing cryopreservation-related variables of the TK protocol to store corneas of optical grade.

Fruits for Seizures? A Systematic Review on the Potential Anti- Convulsant Effects of Fruits and its Phytochemicals

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee Hsien Siang ◽  
Alina Arulsamy ◽  
Yeong Keng Yoon ◽  
Mohd. Farooq Shaikh
Keyword(s):  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Seizure Models ◽  
Epileptic Patients ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Excitatory Neurotransmission ◽  
Harmful Effects

: Epilepsy is a devastating neurological disorder. Current anti-convulsant drugs are only effective in about 70% of patients, while the rest remain drug-resistant. Thus, alternative methods have been explored to control seizures in these drug-resistant patients. One such method may be through the utilization of fruit phytochemicals. These phytochemicals have been reported to have beneficial properties such as anti-convulsant, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. However, some fruits may also elicit harmful effects. This review aims to summarize and elucidate the anti- or pro- convulsant effects of fruits used in relation to seizures, in hopes to provide a good therapeutic reference to epileptic patients and their carers. Three databases; SCOPUS, ScienceDirect and PubMed were utilized for the literature search. Based on the PRISMA guidelines, a total of 40 articles were selected for critical appraisal in this review. Overall, the extracts and phytochemicals of fruits managed to effectively reduce seizure activities in various preclinical seizure models, acting mainly through the activation of the inhibitory neurotransmission and blocking the excitatory neurotransmission. Only star fruit has been identified as a pro-convulsant fruit, which was attributed to the its caramboxin and oxalate compounds. Future studies should focus more on utilizing these fruits as possible treatment strategies for epilepsy.

scholarly journals Effect of storage temperature on Streptococcus mutans viability

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-78
Author(s):  
Ana Lídia Soares COTA ◽  
Ronaldo Gomes ALVIM
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Microbiological Research

Abstract Introduction Proper storage conditions and maintenance of viable biological material plays an important role in microbiological research, allowing for the opportunity to conduct future studies. Objective To evaluate the viability of Streptococcus mutans strains that were previously grown and stored under different temperatures for approximately eight years. Material and method In this study, we evaluated 393 bacterial isolates that were stored in a freezer at -80°C (G1) and 200 isolates stored in a freezer at -20°C (G2). Aliquots of each sample were plated on blood agar and mitis-salivarius bacitracin sucrose agar-solidified medium. After incubating under microaerophilic conditions in an incubator at 37°C for 72 hours, the presence, morphology and purity of bacterial growth was observed. The data were analyzed by means of descriptive statistics. Result Microbial viability was observed in almost all samples (99.7%) in G1, whereas all isolates stored at -20°C were considered inviable. Conclusion The viability of S. mutans is influenced by the storage temperature of the samples, and the strains remain viable when stored under ideal temperature conditions (-80°C), even when stored for a long period of time.

Amelioration of sperm count and sperm quality by lycopene supplementation in irradiated mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (12) ◽  
pp. 1040
Author(s):  
Małgorzata M. Dobrzyńska ◽  
Aneta Gajowik
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Equivalent Time ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Harmful Effects

Male mice were exposed to lycopene (LYC; 0.15 and 0.30mg kg−1) and irradiation (0.5, 1 Gy) alone or in combination (0.5 Gy+0.15mg kg−1 LYC; 0.5 Gy+0.30mg kg−1 LYC; 1 Gy+0.15mg kg−1 LYC; 1 Gy+0.30mg kg−1 LYC) for 2 weeks. LYC administration in the drinking water was started 24h or on Day 8 after the first irradiation dose or equivalent time point for groups treated with LYC alone. Sperm count, motility, morphology and DNA damage were determined at the end of the 2-week treatment period. Irradiation deteriorated sperm count and quality. Supplementation with LYC from 24h significantly increased the sperm count compared with irradiation alone. In almost all combined treatment groups, the percentage of abnormal spermatozoa was significantly decreased compared with that after irradiation alone. In some cases, combined treatment reduced levels of DNA damage in gametes. Both doses of LYC administered from Day 8 significantly reduced the percentage of morphologically abnormal spermatozoa compared with that seen after 1 Gy irradiation and reduced DNA damage in all combined treatment groups. In conclusion, LYC supplementation after irradiation can ameliorate the harmful effects of irradiation on gametes. Mitigation of radiation-induced damage in germ cells following LYC administration may be useful for radiological accidents and to protect non-treated tissues in patients with cancer undergoing radiotherapy.

(Almost) All Nonstenotic Bicuspid Aortic Valves Should Be Preserved or Repaired

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 656-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunsuke Miyahara ◽  
Ulrich Schneider ◽  
Lucie Morgenthaler ◽  
Hans-Joachim Schäfers
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Valves ◽  
Bicuspid Aortic Valves ◽  
Almost All

Plasticization of Rubber in the Form of Latex

1954 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 271-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Conté
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Rubber Latex ◽  
Adhesive Properties ◽  
Harmful Effects ◽  
Latex Rubber

Abstract When in the form of latex, rubber can be oxidized by thiols under hot conditions. The reaction apparently proceeds by the same mechanism as that characteristic in the action of peptizing agents on rubber during mastication. The results obtained confirm the hypothesis that the thiol is transformed quantitatively into the corresponding disulfide, with resultant oxidation of the rubbert. This transformation is a function of the pH value, and the best results are obtained when the pH value is around 4 and in the absence of NH4 ions (which have an inhibitory effect). Latex preparations of this type can be utilized for studying the chemical reactions of rubber in emulsion and for the preparation of rubber derivatives which are more soluble than those prepared from rubber latex which has not been degraded. In addition, such latex preparations are excellent adhesives which, in contrast to already known products (latex treated with hydrogen peroxide or other peroxides), give a sticky film by simple drying at room temperature. In this way heating can be avoided in cases where it has harmful effects and where the use of an oven is inconvenient. Finally, this type of latex is more adaptable to certain direct applications, both because of the superior adhesive properties of the rubber and because, with a relatively plastic coagulum, mastication is easier.

Day-to-Day Consistency of Lower Extremity Kinematics during Walking and Running

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Wolf ◽  
Renate List ◽  
Thomas Ukelo ◽  
Christian Maiwald ◽  
Alex Stacoff
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Gait Analysis ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Human Gait ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Almost All

Before conclusions can be drawn with respect to the quality of adaptations in human gait, the day-to-day consistency of the variables of interest must be known. The present study estimated the day-to-day consistency of kinematic variables collected during barefoot walking and running. Sixteen healthy subjects performed two gait analysis sessions based on skin markers. Test sessions were at least 1 week apart. In total, 48 ranges of motion were monitored for the hip, knee, ankle, and midfoot joint. Based on differences between the repeated gait analysis sessions, the day-to-day consistency was estimated. It was found that the day-to-day consistency was of the magnitude of 3 to 4 degrees for almost all ranges of motion independently of the test condition, the investigated joints, or the cardinal body plane. It was concluded that future studies on effects of interventions or on the characterization of pathological versus normative gait should consider the provided values of day-to-day consistency to improve their interpretation and conclusions.

scholarly journals Clinical Effects of Krachaidum (Kaempferia parviflora): A Systematic Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 413-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surasak Saokaew ◽  
Preyanate Wilairat ◽  
Paranya Raktanyakan ◽  
Piyameth Dilokthornsakul ◽  
Teerapon Dhippayom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Kaempferia Parviflora ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Erotic Stimuli ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
The Family ◽  
Pharmacological Studies ◽  
Harmful Effects

Kaempferia parviflora (Krachaidum) is a medicinal plant in the family Zingiberaceae. Its rhizome has been used as folk medicine for many centuries. A number of pharmacological studies of Krachaidum had claimed benefits for various ailments. Therefore, this study aimed to systematically search and summarize the clinical evidences of Krachaidum in all identified indications. Of 683 records identified, 7 studies were included. From current clinical trials, Krachaidum showed positive benefits but remained inconclusive since small studies were included. Even though results found that Krachaidum significantly increased hand grip strength and enhanced sexual erotic stimuli, these were based on only 2 studies and 1 study, respectively. With regard to harmful effects, we found no adverse events reported even when Krachaidum 1.35 g/day was used. Therefore, future studies of Krachaidum are needed with regards to both safety and efficacy outcomes.

PREPARATION OF Co–W–P MAGNETIC THIN FILMS BY ELECTROLESS DEPOSITION

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (04) ◽  
pp. 635-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
YUNDAN YU ◽  
GUOYING WEI ◽  
HONGLIANG GE ◽  
YING GAO ◽  
ZHEN ZHAO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Electroless Deposition ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Copper Substrate ◽  
Cobalt Content ◽  
Magnetic Thin Films ◽  
Ultrasonic Power ◽  
Maximum Magnetization ◽  
Effects Of Ph ◽  
Almost All

An alkaline bath was developed for electroless deposition of Co – W – P thin films on a copper substrate. Effects of pH values, various concentrations of reducing agent, and different powers of ultrasonic on composition, microstructure, and magnetic properties of the films were investigated. It was found out that higher pH could improve cobalt atomic percentage and reduce amounts of phosphorus and tungsten in the film while larger amounts of NaH 2 PO 2 would decrease the cobalt content but increase the tungsten and phosphors content. The ultrasonic was introduced during the electroless deposition. Few effects of ultrasonic on the cobalt content were observed. X-ray diffraction showed that almost all of the deposited films were crystalline and contained hexagonal cobalt with a preferred crystallographic orientation (002). However, a typical amorphous Co – W – P film, which has smooth surface, and no crystallite with definite grains could be obtained when the concentration of NaH 2 PO 2 in the bath was over 1.2 mol/L. The films with rougher and agglomerate nodular structures would be formed in the bath with a higher pH value. Certain power (60 W, 40 kHz) of ultrasonic could smash the grains and led to the formation of a denser and smoother surface. Cracks appeared at the surface of the film when the ultrasonic power was 150 W. Vibration sample magnetometer results showed that the film with maximum magnetization (600 emu/g) and coercivity (1000 Oe) could be achieved when introducing ultrasonic (60 W, 40 kHz) during the deposition.

Effects of Ensiling Fodder Ramie (Boehmeria nivea L.) with Lactic Acid Bacteria and Molasses on Fermentation Quality

2012 ◽  
Vol 524-527 ◽  
pp. 2167-2171
Author(s):  
Ting Ting Ning ◽  
Chun Cheng Xu ◽  
Hui Li Wang ◽  
Wei Hao ◽  
Heng Lei
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Significant Decline ◽  
Lactic Acid Concentration ◽  
Fermentation Quality ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Additive Control

This experiment was conducted to determine the ensiling characteristics and microbial changes of fodder ramie silage treated without additive (Control), or with molasses (M), lactic acid bacteria (LAB), and mixtures of lactic acid bacteria and molasses (LABM). Triplicate samples were randomly opened on days 0, 3, 7, 14, 28 and 60 of ensiling for sampling and the contents were processed for quality assessment and laboratory analysis. Compared with control silage, addition of M and LABM decreased pH and butyric acid while increasing lactic acid during ensiling (P < 0.05). For the LAB treatment, the pH value declined slowly at initial days then kept relatively stable at about 5.39 and the concentration of lactic acid increased for the first 7 days then maintained stable until day 60. The control silage showed a rise in pH and a significant decline in lactic acid concentration at later stage. Microbial changes had similar trend during ensiling for all the treatments where the lactic acid bacteria increased at initial days then showed a decline at later stage. Furthermore, LAB treatment had the highest (P<0.05) lactic acid bacteria population at almost all ensiling periods. It was concluded that both M and LABM treatment can improve the fermentation quality of fodder ramie silage to some extent, but the effects of adding lactic acid bacteria still need further research.

scholarly journals Determination of Surface Water Quality for Irrigation in Dinajpur

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1782-1791
Author(s):  
Md. Motaharul Islam ◽  
Mst. Taslema Nasrin ◽  
Md. Mofizul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Almost All

A research was carried out to assess the suitability of surface water for irrigation purposes. For this reason, 56 samples of surface water were collected from each union of Dinajpur sadar upazilla, Dinajpur. The analysis was included pH, EC, TDS, Ca, Mg, S, P, Na, K, Cl- and HCO3- to evaluate the suitability of surface water for irrigation purposes. Almost all the water samples were within the recommended pH value for irrigation and a great impact on crop production. With respect to electrical conductivity (EC) samples were low to medium salinity. For total dissolved solids (TDS), all samples were considered as freshwater for irrigation. On the basis of Ca, Mg, S, P, Na, K, Cl- and HCO3- all samples could safely be used for irrigation and would not affect the soils.

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