scholarly journals HbSnRK2.6 Functions in ABA-Regulated Cold Stress Response by Promoting HbICE2 Transcriptional Activity in Hevea brasiliensis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (23) ◽  
pp. 12707
Author(s):  
Xue Wang ◽  
Wen-Cheng Liu ◽  
Xue-Wei Zeng ◽  
Sa Yan ◽  
Yi-Min Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Hevea Brasiliensis ◽  
Transcriptional Activity ◽  
Rubber Tree ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Aba Signaling ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Cor Genes ◽  
Latex Production

Low temperature remarkably limits rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.) growth, latex production, and geographical distribution, but the underlying mechanisms of Hevea brasiliensis cold stress response remain elusive. Here, we identified HbSnRK2.6 as a key component in ABA signaling functions in phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA)-regulated cold stress response in Hevea brasiliensis. Exogenous application of ABA enhances Hevea brasiliensis cold tolerance. Cold-regulated (COR) genes in the CBF pathway are upregulated by ABA. Transcript levels of all five HbSnRK2.6 members are significantly induced by cold, while HbSnRK2.6A, HbSnRK2.6B, and HbSnRK2.6C can be further activated by ABA under cold conditions. Additionally, HbSnRK2.6s are localized in the cytoplasm and nucleus, and can physically interact with HbICE2, a crucial positive regulator in the cold signaling pathway. Overexpression of HbSnRK2.6A or HbSnRK2.6B in Arabidopsis extensively enhances plant responses to ABA and expression of COR genes, leading to increased cold stress tolerance. Furthermore, HbSnRK2.6A and HbSnRK2.6B can promote transcriptional activity of HbICE2, thus, increasing the expression of HbCBF1. Taken together, we demonstrate that HbSnRK2.6s are involved in ABA-regulated cold stress response in Hevea brasiliensis by regulating transcriptional activity of HbICE2.

Transcriptome profiling of rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) discovers candidate regulators of the cold stress response

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 1181-1197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Xiao Gong ◽  
Bing-Yu Yan ◽  
Jin Hu ◽  
Cui-Ping Yang ◽  
Yi-Jian Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Hevea Brasiliensis ◽  
Rubber Tree ◽  
Transcriptome Profiling

scholarly journals Physiological and Molecular Mechanism Involved in Cold Stress Tolerance in Plants

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faujiah Nurhasanah Ritonga ◽  
Su Chen
Keyword(s):  
Cold Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Cold Acclimation ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Cis Elements ◽  
The Past ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Cor Genes ◽  
Cold Induction

Previous studies have reported that low temperature (LT) constrains plant growth and restricts productivity in temperate regions. However, the underlying mechanisms are complex and not well understood. Over the past ten years, research on the process of adaptation and tolerance of plants during cold stress has been carried out. In molecular terms, researchers prioritize research into the field of the ICE-CBF-COR signaling pathway which is believed to be the important key to the cold acclimation process. Inducer of CBF Expression (ICE) is a pioneer of cold acclimation and plays a central role in C-repeat binding (CBF) cold induction. CBFs activate the expression of COR genes via binding to cis-elements in the promoter of COR genes. An ICE-CBF-COR signaling pathway activates the appropriate expression of downstream genes, which encodes osmoregulation substances. In this review, we summarize the recent progress of cold stress tolerance in plants from molecular and physiological perspectives and other factors, such as hormones, light, and circadian clock. Understanding the process of cold stress tolerance and the genes involved in the signaling network for cold stress is essential for improving plants, especially crops.

scholarly journals Biofuel, Bioenergy and Feed Valorization of By-Products and Residues from Hevea brasiliensis Cultivation to Enhance Sustainability

Resources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 114
Author(s):  
Andrea Pizzi ◽  
Daniele Duca ◽  
Giorgio Rossini ◽  
Sara Fabrizi ◽  
Giuseppe Toscano
Keyword(s):  
Hevea Brasiliensis ◽  
Rubber Tree ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Rubber Seed Oil ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Animal Feeding ◽  
Tree Seeds ◽  
Latex Production

In the latex production chain, rubber tree seeds (Hevea brasiliensis) represent an underutilized fraction with high potentialities, which can increase the sustainability of the whole process if rightly valorized. In the present study, the quality of all the fractions obtained from the rubber fruit were evaluated, with the aim to identify possible applications for their valorization with a circular economy perspective. Seeds from five different varieties of rubber tree were analyzed. Furthermore, a whole mass and energy balance was defined, which has allowed us to define hypothetical production scenarios. The obtained results show negligible differences among varieties. Shells and capsules have shown a composition similar to woody biomass, with high heating values (more than 16.5 MJ kg−1), low nitrogen content (below 0.5% on weight basis (w/w)) and reduced ash content (0.51% w/w and 1.90% w/w, respectively). Kernels were chemically extracted comparing two different solvents: n-hexane and ethanol. Both solvents showed similar extraction yields, i.e., 49% w/w and 46% w/w for n-hexane and ethanol, respectively. The resulting extraction flour was characterized by a high protein content (around 40% w/w) making it suitable for animal feeding. The rubber seed oil could be used in blends of different vegetable oils for biodiesel production. All this information is useful for improving the sustainability of the latex production chain and to assess the sustainability of possible bioenergy value chains.

Contribution of the carbon sources involved in latex regeneration in rubber trees (Hevea brasiliensis): an in situ 13CO2 labelling experiment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorine Desalme ◽  
Ornuma Duangngam ◽  
Philippe Thaler ◽  
Poonpipope Kasemsap ◽  
Jate Sathornkich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hevea Brasiliensis ◽  
Rubber Tree ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Pulse Labelling ◽  
Phloem Sap ◽  
Labelling Experiment ◽  
Latex Regeneration ◽  
Source Sink ◽  
Latex Production

<p>Rubber trees (<em>Hevea brasiliensis</em>) are the main source of natural rubber, extracted from latex, which exudes from the trunk after tapping. Tapped trees require large amounts of carbon (C) to regenerate the latex after its collection. Knowing the contribution of C sources involved in latex biosynthesis will help understand how rubber trees face this additional C demand. Whole crown<sup> 13</sup>CO<sub>2 </sub>pulse labelling was performed on 4-year-old rubber trees in June when latex production was low and in October, when it was high. <sup>13</sup>C contents were quantified in the foliage, phloem sap, wood and latex. In both labelling periods, <sup>13</sup>C was recovered in latex just after labelling, indicating that part of the carbohydrates was directly allocated to latex. However, significant <sup>13</sup>C amounts were still recovered in latex after 100 days and the peak was reached significantly later than in phloem sap, demonstrating the contribution of a reserve pool as a source of latex C. The contribution of new photosynthates to latex regeneration was faster and higher when latex metabolism was well established, in October than in June. An improved understanding of C dynamics and source-sink relationship in rubber tree is crucial to adapt tapping system practices and ensure sustainable latex production.</p>

scholarly journals The transcription factor ICE1 functions in cold stress response by binding to the promoters of CBF and COR genes

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 258-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Tang ◽  
Lun Zhao ◽  
Yuying Ren ◽  
Shuhua Yang ◽  
Jian‐Kang Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Cor Genes

scholarly journals Novel insights into the cold resistance of Hevea brasiliensis through coexpression networks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Cristina Silva ◽  
Stephanie Karenina Bajay ◽  
Alexandre Hild Aono ◽  
Felipe Roberto Francisco ◽  
Ramir Bavaresco Junior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Hevea Brasiliensis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Gene Expression Regulation ◽  
Rubber Tree ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Cold Response

Hevea brasiliensis, a tropical tree species from the Amazon rainforest, is the main source of natural rubber worldwide. Due to the high pressure of fungal diseases in hot, humid regions, rubber plantations have been moved to escape areas, which are dryer and have lower temperatures during the winter. Here, we combined gene expression data of a primary (GT1) and a secondary (RRIM600) young rubber tree clones, which present different cold tolerance strategies, to analyze rubber tree gene expression regulation during 24 h of cold exposure (10 degrees Celsius). Together with traditional differential expression approaches, a RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) gene coexpression network (GCN) comprising 27,220 genes was established in which the genes were grouped into 832 clusters. In the GCN, most of the rubber tree molecular responses to cold stress were grouped in 26 clusters, which were divided into three GCN modules: a downregulated group comprising 12 clusters and two upregulated groups comprising eleven and three clusters. Considering the three modules identified, the general Hevea response to short-term cold exposure involved downregulation of gibberellin (GA) signaling, complex regulation of jasmonic acid (JA) stress responses and programmed cell death (PCD) and upregulation of ethylene responsive genes. The hub genes of the cold-responsive modules were subsequently identified and analyzed. As a result of the GCN strategy applied in this study, we could not only access individual DEGs related to the Hevea cold response, but also provide insights into a deeper cascade of associated mechanisms involved in the response to cold stress in young rubber trees. Our results may represent the genetic stress responses of the species, developed during its evolution, since the varieties chosen for this work are genotypes that were selected during the early years of rubber tree domestication. The understanding of H. brasiliensis cold response mechanisms can greatly improve the breeding strategies for this crop, which has a narrow genetic base, is impacted by climate change and is the only source for large-scale rubber production.

scholarly journals Respons produksi tanaman karet klon BPM 24 terhadap jenis dan konsentrasi stimulan etilen organik kulit pisang

Kultivasi ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syamsiyah Syamsiyah ◽  
Cucu Suherman ◽  
Santi Rosniawaty ◽  
Fetrina Oktavia
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Hevea Brasiliensis ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rubber Tree ◽  
Research Institution ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Latex Production ◽  
Tree Production ◽  
Latex Rubber

AbstrakPuncak produksi tanaman karet klon BPM 24 dicapai pada tahun sadap ke-7 sampai 10, tetapi produksi menurun dengan cepat hingga mencapai titik terendah pada tahun sadap ke-15.  Stimulan merupakan teknologi yang digunakan untuk meningkatkan produksi lateks. Penggunaan stimulan sintetik yang berlebih dapat menurunkan produksi sehingga perlu dicoba stimulant organik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui respons produksi tanaman karet klon BPM 24 terhadap aplikasi stimulan organik kulit pisang. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Balai Penelitian Karet Sembawa, Palembang, Sumatera Selatan dari September sampai November 2019. Metode percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok  dengan 11 perlakuan stimulan dan  5 ulangan. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap produksi lama aliran lateks, volume lateks dan kadar karet kering. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan stimulan organik kulit pisang Ambon dengan konsentrasi 200 g/L mampu meningkatkan lama aliran lateks, dan volume lateks, tetapi pemberian stimulan menurunkan kadar karet kering.Kata kunci : Stimulan Organik , kulit pisang, Lateks, karet Klon BPM 24 AbstractThe rubber tree production clone BPM 24 reaches its peak on 7th to 10th years of tapping incision. After that, the production declines rapidly to the lowest point at 15th year. Stimulant application is one of the technology to increase latex production. Excess application of synthetic stimulants can reduce production, so organic stimulants should be tried. The research intended to know the response of production of rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg) clone BPM 24 due to application of the organic ethylene stimulant made of  banana peels. The research was conducted from September to November 2019, at Experimental Plantation of Rubber Research Institution, Sembawa, Palembang, South Sumatra. The method of this research was the experimental design that used Randomized Block Design with 11 treatment and three times replication. The observation made on latex flowing duration, latex volume, and dried latex content. The result showed that application of organic ethylene stimulant made of banana peels cv. Ambon on 200 g concentration could increase latex flowing duration and latex volume,  but reduced dried latex content. Keywords: stimulant, banana peels, latex, rubber clone BPM 24. 

scholarly journals Pengaruh metode aplikasi dan dosis stimulan cair terhadap produksi lateks pada tanaman karet Klon PR 300 umur 25 tahun

Kultivasi ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 1023
Author(s):  
Cucu Suherman ◽  
Intan Ratna Dewi ◽  
Ria Wulansari
Keyword(s):  
Hevea Brasiliensis ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rubber Tree ◽  
Treatment Combination ◽  
Application Method ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
The Common ◽  
Latex Production

Sari. Penggunaan stimulan pada tanaman karet (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.) merupakan salah satu upaya yang umum dilakukan untuk meningkatkan produksi lateks. Penggunaan stimulan bertujuan untuk memperpanjang masa aliran lateks sehingga lateks yang dihasilkan dapat lebih banyak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan kombinasi perlakuan terbaik dari metode aplikasi dan dosis stimulan cair yang digunakan untuk meningkatkan produksi lateks pada klon PR 300. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret sampai Mei 2015 di PT. PP Bajabang Indonesia yang memiliki ketinggian tempat 200 meter di atas permukaan laut dengan ordo tanah Inceptisol. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok yang terdiri dari 11 kombinasi perlakuan yang diulang sebanyak tiga kali dengan susunan perlakuan sebagai berikut: Tanpa stimulant (A); Metode Groove + dosis 0,5 mL/pohon (B); Metode Groove + dosis 0,6 mL/pohon (C); Metode Groove + dosis 0,7 mL/pohon (D); Metode Groove + dosis 0,8 mL/pohon (E); Metode Groove + dosis 0,9 mL/pohon (F); Metode Bark + dosis 0,5 mL/pohon (G); Metode Bark + dosis 0,6 mL/pohon (H); Metode Bark + dosis 0,7 mL/pohon (I); Metode Bark + dosis 0,8 mL/pohon (J); dan Metode Bark + dosis 0,9 mL/pohon. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode aplikasi groove dan bark yang dikombinasikan dengan beberapa dosis stimulan cair pada tanaman karet umur 25 tahun menghasilkan volume lateks yang relatif sama dengan tanpa stimulan pada klon PR 300.Kata kunci: Klon PR 300 ∙ Stimulan karet ∙ Penyadapan Abstract. The application of stimulant on rubber tree is one of the common efforts to increase latex production. This application is supposed to extend the period of latex flow, so that can produce more latex. The aim of this research was to get the best treatment combination of application method and liquid stimulant dosage that used to increase latex production on clone PR 300. The research was conducted from March to May 2015 at PT. PP Bajabang Indonesia at 200 meters altitude. The research was arranged using Randomized Block Design (RBD), consisted of 11 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments were: Without Stimulant (A); Groove Method + 0.5 mL/tree dose (B); Groove Method + 0.6 mL/tree dose (C); Groove Method + 0.7 mL/tree dose (D); Groove Method + 0.8 mL/tree dose (E); Groove Method + 0.9 mL/tree dose (F); Bark Method + 0.5 mL/tree dose (G); Bark Method + 0.6 mL/tree dose (H); Bark Method + 0.7 mL/tree dose (I); Bark Method +0.8 mL/tree dose (J); and Bark Method + 0.9 mL/tree dose (K). The results of this research showed that groove method and bark method that combined with variant dosage of liquid stimulant in 25 years old rubber plants produced the same latex with no stimulant on clone PR 300.Keywords: Clone PR 300 ∙ Rubber stimulant ∙ Tapping 

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