scholarly journals Human MSC-Derived Exosomes Reduce Cellular Senescence in Renal Epithelial Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (24) ◽  
pp. 13562
Author(s):  
Chieh Ming Liao ◽  
Tianjiao Luo ◽  
Juliane von der Ohe ◽  
Blanca de Juan Mora ◽  
Roland Schmitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Cellular Senescence ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Proliferating Cells ◽  
Renal Tubular Cells ◽  
Age Related ◽  
New Information ◽  
Renal Tubular

Cellular senescence of renal tubular cells is associated with chronic diseases and age-related kidney disorders. Therapies to antagonize senescence are, therefore, explored as novel approaches in nephropathy. Exosomes derived from human mesenchymal stroma-/stem-like cells (MSC) entail the transfer of multiple bioactive molecules, exhibiting profound regenerative potential in various tissues, including therapeutic effects in kidney diseases. Here, we first demonstrate that exosomes promote proliferation and reduce senescence in aged MSC cultures. For potential therapeutic perspectives in organ rejuvenation, we used MSC-derived exosomes to antagonize senescence in murine kidney primary tubular epithelial cells (PTEC). Exosome treatment efficiently reduced senescence while diminishing the transcription of senescence markers and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors. Concomitantly, we observed less DNA damage foci and more proliferating cells. These data provide new information regarding the therapeutic property of MSC exosomes in the development of renal senescence, suggesting a contribution to a new chapter of regenerative vehicles in senotherapy.

scholarly journals MnTBAP Therapy Attenuates Renal Fibrosis in Mice with 5/6 Nephrectomy

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Yu ◽  
Song Mao ◽  
Yue Zhang ◽  
Wei Gong ◽  
Zhanjun Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Renal Fibrosis ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Pathological Feature ◽  
Tubular Epithelial Cells ◽  
Renal Tubular Cells ◽  
Collagen Iii ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Renal Tubular

Renal fibrosis is a common pathological feature of all kinds of chronic kidney diseases (CKDs) with uncertain mechanisms. Accumulating evidence demonstrated an important role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of CKD. Here we hypothesized that MnTBAP (manganese (III) tetrakis (4-benzoic acid)porphyrin chloride), a cell-permeable mimic of superoxide dismutase (SOD), may protect against the fibrotic response in CKD by antagonizing oxidative stress. To verify this hypothesis, we performed experiments in tubular epithelial cells and mice with 5/6 nephrectomy (Nx). In mouse tubular epithelial cells, TGF-β1 induced a significant transition to fibrotic phenotype in line with a remarkable mitochondrial dysfunction, which was markedly improved by MnTBAP (1.14 μM) pretreatment. In remnant kidneys of 5/6 Nx mice, tubulointerstitial fibrosis occurred in parallel with mitochondrial abnormality in renal tubular cells. Administration of MnTBAP significantly attenuated the deposition of extracellular matrix as evidenced by the blocked expressions of fibronectin, collagen I, and collagen III. Masson staining also displayed an ameliorated accumulation of collagenous matrix in MnTBAP-treated mice. Moreover, MnTBAP also significantly improved the severity of proteinuria without altering CKD-related hypertension. Collectively, MnTBAP therapy served as a promising strategy in preventing renal fibrosis in CKDs possibly via antagonizing mitochondrial-derived oxidative stress and subsequent protection of mitochondrial function.

Redistribution and dysfunction of integrins in cultured renal epithelial cells exposed to oxidative stress

1993 ◽  
Vol 264 (1) ◽  
pp. F149-F157 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Gailit ◽  
D. Colflesh ◽  
I. Rabiner ◽  
J. Simone ◽  
M. S. Goligorsky
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Apical Cell ◽  
Flow Cytometric Analysis ◽  
Adhesion Properties ◽  
Renal Tubular Cells ◽  
Renal Tubular

Tubular obstruction by detached renal tubular epithelial cells is a major cause of oliguria in acute renal failure. Viable renal tubular cells can be recovered from urine of patients with acute tubular necrosis, suggesting a possible defect in cell adhesion to the basement membrane. To study this process of epithelial cell desquamation in vitro, we investigated the effect of nonlethal oxidative stress on the integrin adhesion receptors of the primate kidney epithelial cell line BS-C-1. Morphological and functional studies of cell adhesion properties included the following: interference reflection microscopy, intravital confocal microscopy and immunocytochemistry, flow cytometric analysis of integrin receptor abundance, and cell-matrix attachment assay. High levels of the integrin subunits alpha 3, alpha v, and beta 1 were detected on the cell surface by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis, as well as lower levels of alpha 1, alpha 2, alpha 4, alpha 5, alpha 6, and beta 3. Exposure of BS-C-1 cells to nonlethal oxidative stress resulted in the disruption of focal contacts, disappearance of talin from the basal cell surface, and in the redistribution of integrin alpha 3-subunits from predominantly basal location to the apical cell surface. As measured in a quantitative cell attachment assay, oxidative stress decreased BS-C-1 cell adhesion to type IV collagen, laminin, fibronectin, and vitronectin. Defective adhesion was not associated with a loss of alpha 3-, alpha 4-, or alpha v-integrin subunits from the cell surface.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

scholarly journals Single-cell RNA sequencing of human kidney

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinling Liao ◽  
Zhenyuan Yu ◽  
Yang Chen ◽  
Mengying Bao ◽  
Chunlin Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
Rna Sequencing ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Human Kidney ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Renal Tubular Cells ◽  
Single Cell Rna Sequencing ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Renal Tubular

AbstractA comprehensive cellular anatomy of normal human kidney is crucial to address the cellular origins of renal disease and renal cancer. Some kidney diseases may be cell type-specific, especially renal tubular cells. To investigate the classification and transcriptomic information of the human kidney, we rapidly obtained a single-cell suspension of the kidney and conducted single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). Here, we present the scRNA-seq data of 23,366 high-quality cells from the kidneys of three human donors. In this dataset, we show 10 clusters of normal human renal cells. Due to the high quality of single-cell transcriptomic information, proximal tubule (PT) cells were classified into three subtypes and collecting ducts cells into two subtypes. Collectively, our data provide a reliable reference for studies on renal cell biology and kidney disease.

scholarly journals Telmisartan Attenuates Uric Acid-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Renal Tubular Cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongqing Zha ◽  
Saiqun Wu ◽  
Ping Gao ◽  
Xiaoyan Wu
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Nadph Oxidase ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Tubular Epithelial Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Tubular Cells ◽  
Renal Tubular Cells ◽  
Diphenylene Iodonium ◽  
Renal Tubular

We examined whether and how uric acid induces epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) in renal tubular cells, along with the mechanism by which telmisartan acts on uric acid-induced renal injury. Rat renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (NRK-52E) were exposed to various concentrations of uric acid in the presence or absence of telmisartan. Treatment with uric acid increased the expression of α-SMA, decreased the expression of E-cadherin, and promoted EMT in NRK-52E cells. Uric acid treatment also led to increased endothelin-1 (ET-1) production, activation of extracellular-regulated protein kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), and the upregulation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 4 (NOX4). Use of ET-1 receptor inhibitor (BQ123 or BQ788) could inhibit uric acid-induced EMT in NRK-52E cells. Pretreatment with the ERK inhibitor (U0126 or PD98059) suppressed the release of ET-1 and EMT induced by uric acid. Additionally, pretreatment with a traditional antioxidant (diphenylene iodonium or apocynin) inhibited the activation of ERK1/2, release of ET-1, and uric acid-induced EMT in NRK-52E cells. These findings suggested that uric acid-induced EMT in renal tubular epithelial cells occurs through NADPH oxidase-mediated ERK1/2 activation and the subsequent release of ET-1. Furthermore, telmisartan (102 nmol/L to 104 nmol/L) inhibited the expression of NOX4, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), activation of ERK1/2, and the release of ET-1 in a dose-dependent manner, thereby preventing uric acid-induced EMT in NRK-52E. In conclusion, telmisartan could ameliorate uric acid-induced EMT in NRK-52E cells likely through inhibition of the NADPH oxidase/ERK1/2/ET-1 pathway.

High Uric Acid-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells via the TLR4/NF-kB Signaling Pathway

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 333-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huifang Liu ◽  
Jiachuan Xiong ◽  
Ting He ◽  
Tangli Xiao ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Interstitial Fibrosis ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Tubular Epithelial Cells ◽  
Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Renal Tubular Cells ◽  
Renal Tubular

Background: Hyperuricemia is an independent risk factor for causing chronic kidney disease and contributes to kidney fibrosis. After urate crystals get deposited in the kidney, they can cause hyperuricemia nephropathy, leading to glomerular hypertrophy and renal tubular interstitial fibrosis. Recent data showed that uric acid (UA) could induce epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) of renal tubular cells, in which NRLP3 inflammatory pathway was involved. However, whether TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway is also involved in EMT of renal tubular cells induced by UA is not clear. Methods: Human renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) were directly treated with UA and the phenotypic transition was detected by morphological changes and the molecular markers of EMT. The activation of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway induced by UA was measured by Western blot and its involvement was further confirmed by the inhibition of NF-κB activation or knockdown of toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression. Results: UA induced obvious morphological changes of HK-2 cell, accompanied with altered molecular markers of EMT including fibronectin, α-SMA and E-cadherin. In addition, UA significantly upregulated the gene expression of interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, UA significantly activated the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in HK-2 cells, while the inhibition of the TLR4 expression by siRNA and NF-κB activation by PDTC significantly attenuated EMT induced by UA in HK-2 cells. Conclusions: UA can induce EMT in renal tubular epithelial cells by the activation of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway, and the targeted intervention of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway might effectively inhibit UA-induced renal interstitial fibrosis mediated by EMT.

scholarly journals Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Ameliorate Cisplatin-Induced Renal Fibrosis via miR-146a-5p/Tfdp2 Axis in Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Wu ◽  
Chao Rong ◽  
Qing Zhou ◽  
Xin Zhao ◽  
Xue-Mei Zhuansun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Renal Fibrosis ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Tubular Epithelial Cells ◽  
Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells ◽  
Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Renal Tubular

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have regenerative properties in acute kidney injury (AKI). However, the potential function of MSCs in chronic kidney disease remains elusive. Renal fibrosis is the common endpoint of chronic progressive kidney diseases and causes a considerable health burden worldwide. In this study, the protective effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) were assessed in repeated administration of low-dose cisplatin-induced renal fibrosis mouse model in vivo as well as a TGF-β1-induced fibrotic model in vitro. Differentially expressed miRNAs in mouse renal tubular epithelial cells (mRTECs) regulated by BM-MSCs were screened by high-throughput sequencing. We found microRNA (miR)-146a-5p was the most significant up-regulated miRNA in mRTECs. In addition, the gene Tfdp2 was identified as one target gene of miR-146a-5p by bioinformatics analysis. The expression of Tfdp2 in the treatment of BM-MSCs on cisplatin-induced renal injury was evaluated by immunohistochemistry analysis. Our results indicate that BM-MSC attenuates cisplatin-induced renal fibrosis by regulating the miR-146a-5p/Tfdp2 axis in mRTECs.

scholarly journals Cellular senescence inhibits renal regeneration after injury in mice, with senolytic treatment promoting repair

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (594) ◽  
pp. eabb0203
Author(s):  
Katie J. Mylonas ◽  
Eoin D. O’Sullivan ◽  
Duncan Humphries ◽  
David P. Baird ◽  
Marie-Helena Docherty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Cellular Senescence ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Senescent Cell ◽  
Causative Role ◽  
Regenerative Capacity

The ability of the kidney to regenerate successfully after injury is lost with advancing age, chronic kidney disease, and after irradiation. The factors responsible for this reduced regenerative capacity remain incompletely understood, with increasing interest in a potential role for cellular senescence in determining outcomes after injury. Here, we demonstrated correlations between senescent cell load and functional loss in human aging and chronic kidney diseases including radiation nephropathy. We dissected the causative role of senescence in the augmented fibrosis occurring after injury in aged and irradiated murine kidneys. In vitro studies on human proximal tubular epithelial cells and in vivo mouse studies demonstrated that senescent renal epithelial cells produced multiple components of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype including transforming growth factor β1, induced fibrosis, and inhibited tubular proliferative capacity after injury. Treatment of aged and irradiated mice with the B cell lymphoma 2/w/xL inhibitor ABT-263 reduced senescent cell numbers and restored a regenerative phenotype in the kidneys with increased tubular proliferation, improved function, and reduced fibrosis after subsequent ischemia-reperfusion injury. Senescent cells are key determinants of renal regenerative capacity in mice and represent emerging treatment targets to protect aging and vulnerable kidneys in man.

scholarly journals Activin A: a novel urinary biomarker of renal impairment in multiple myeloma

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirono Iriuchishima ◽  
Akito Maeshima ◽  
Shunsuke Takahashi ◽  
Takuma Ishizaki ◽  
Akihiko Yokohama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Renal Impairment ◽  
Monoclonal Gammopathy ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Activin A ◽  
Therapy Regimen ◽  
Renal Tubular Cells ◽  
Plasma Cell Neoplasms ◽  
Renal Tubular

Abstract Renal impairment (RI) is a common complication of multiple myeloma (MM) that significantly affects treatment efficacy and mortality. However, no useful biomarkers for early detection of renal damage in MM exist. Reports indicate that activin A, a multifunctional cytokine of the TGF-β superfamily, is involved in the development and progression of various kidney diseases. In the present study, we measured urinary activin A levels in patients with newly diagnosed MM (NDMM) (n=41), smoldering MM (SMM) (n=10), and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) (n=28), including monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance (MGRS), and assessed the correlation between urinary activin A and several clinical parameters. Urinary activin A, undetectable in healthy volunteers, was significantly increased in NDMM patients but not in patients with SMM and MGUS (97.3, 25.0, and 6.61 mg/gCr, respectively, P<0.05). In all patients with NDMM, urinary activin A levels were significantly reduced after initial treatment regardless of the therapy regimen. There was a significant correlation of urinary activin A with spot urinary protein level (P<0.001) and serum M-protein (P=0.029) but not with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), serum creatinine (Cr), N-acetyl-glucosaminidase (NAG), and serum activin A level. Histological analysis using renal biopsy samples revealed that activin A, which was absent from normal kidneys, was detected in the renal tubular cells of patients with MGRS. These data suggest that urinary activin A reflects tubular injury in MM and might aid the early detection of RI in plasma cell neoplasms.

Abstract 132: Hypoxia-inducible Factor Prolyl-hydroxylase-2 Mediates Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1-induced Epithelial-mesenchymal Transition In Renal Tubular Cells

Hypertension ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiqing Han ◽  
Jun-Pin Hu ◽  
Pin-Lan Li ◽  
Ningjun Li
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Hypoxia Inducible Factor ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Tubular Cells ◽  
Renal Tubular Cells ◽  
Renal Tubular

Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1)-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in kidney epithelial cells plays a key role in renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis in chronic kidney diseases. As hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α is found to mediate TGFβ1 signaling pathway, we tested the hypothesis that HIF-1α and its upstream regulator prolyl hydroxylase domain-containing proteins (PHDs) are involved in TGFβ1-induced EMT in renal tubular cells. Our results showed that TGFβ1 treatment for 48 h stimulated EMT in cultured renal tubular cells as indicated by the decrease in epithelial marker P-cadherin from 1.0 ± 0.02 to 0.40 ± 0.05 ( P < 0.05), and the increase in mesenchymal markers α-smooth muscle actin (2.14 ± 0.32 fold, P < 0.05) and fibroblast-specific protein (2.0 ± 0.17 fold, P < 0.05) as shown in Western blot assay. Meanwhile, TGFβ1 time-dependently increased HIF-1α, which reached its maximum value (2.36 ± 0.2 fold, P < 0.05) at 24 h, and that HIF-1α siRNA significantly inhibited TGFβ1-induced EMT, suggesting that HIF-1α mediated TGFβ1 induced-EMT. Real-time PCR showed that PHD1 and PHD2, rather than PHD3, could be detected, with PHD2 as the predominant form of PHDs (PHD1 : PHD2 = 0.21:1.0). Importantly, TGFβ1 time-dependently decreased PHD2 mRNA and protein level, which reached their maximum value from 1.0 ± 0.15 to 0.45 ± 0.08 ( P < 0.05) for mRNA at 16 h and from 1.0 ± 0.08 to 0.26 ± 0.08 ( P < 0.05) for protein at 24 h, respectively. In contrast, TGFβ1 had no effect on PHD1 mRNA and protein levels. Furthermore, over-expression of PHD2 transgene almost fully prevented TGFβ1-induced HIF-1α accumulation and EMT marker changes, indicating that PHD2 is involved in TGFβ1-induced EMT. Finally, Smad2 inhibitor SB431542 prevented TGFβ1-induced PHD2 decrease, suggesting that Smad2 may mediate TGFβ1-induced EMT through PHD2/HIF-1α. It is concluded that TGFβ1 decreased PHD2 expression via a Smad2-dependent signaling pathway, thereby leading to HIF-1α accumulation and EMT in renal tubular cells. The present study suggests that PHD2/HIF-1α is a novel signaling pathway mediating the fibrogenic effect of TGFβ1 and that manipulating PHD2/HIF-1α pathway may be used as a therapeutic strategy in chronic kidney diseases. (support: NIH grant HL89563 and HL106042)

Effect of Forkhead Box O1 in Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells on Endotoxin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengxi Zhang ◽  
Wei Dong ◽  
Zhilian Li ◽  
Zhenmeng Xiao ◽  
Zhiyong Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Mitochondrial Damage ◽  
Tubular Epithelial Cells ◽  
Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells ◽  
Forkhead Box ◽  
Renal Tubular

Mitochondrial damage in renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs) is a hallmark of endotoxin-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). Forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) is responsible for regulating mitochondrial function and is involved in several kidney diseases. Herein, we investigated the effect of FOXO1 on endotoxin-induced AKI and the related mechanism. In vivo, FOXO1 downregulation in mouse RTECs and mitochondrial damage were found in endotoxin-induced AKI. Overexpression of FOXO1 by kidney focal adeno-associated virus (AAV) delivery improved renal function and reduced mitochondrial damage. PGC1-α, a master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis and function, was reduced in endotoxin-induced AKI, but the reduction was reversed by FOXO1 overexpression. In vitro, exposure to LPS led to a decline in HK-2 cell viability, mitochondrial fragmentation, and mitochondrial superoxide accumulation, as well as downregulation of FOXO1, PGC1-α and mitochondrial complex I/V. Moreover, overexpression of FOXO1 in HK-2 cells increased HK-2 cell viability and PGC1-α expression, and it alleviated the mitochondrial injury and superoxide accumulation induced by LPS. Meanwhile, inhibition of FOXO1 in HK-2 cells by siRNA treatment decreased PGC1-α expression and HK-2 cell viability. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays and PCR analysis confirmed that FOXO1 bound to the PGC1-α promoter in HK-2 cells. In conclusion, downregulation of FOXO1 in RTECs mediated endotoxin-induced AKI and mitochondrial damage. Overexpression of FOXO1 could improve renal injury and mitochondrial dysfunction, and this effect occurred at least in part as a result of PGC1-α signaling. FOXO1 might be a potential target for the prevention and treatment of endotoxin-induced AKI.

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