scholarly journals Sustainable Use of Macrotermes spp. to Improve Traditional Poultry Farming through an Efficient Trapping System in Burkina Faso

Insects ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Aïchatou Nadia Christelle Dao ◽  
Fernand Sankara ◽  
Salimata Pousga ◽  
Kalifa Coulibaly ◽  
Jacques Philippe Nacoulma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Termite Mounds ◽  
Traditional Technique ◽  
Maize Cobs ◽  
Time Of Harvest ◽  
Poultry Farming

This study aimed to promote the use of termites as feed in traditional poultry farming by developing sustainable and inexpensive termite trapping techniques. Various tests were carried out in Burkina Faso to improve the traditional technique of trapping termites of the genus Macrotermes using a reversed container filled with organic matters. We studied the effect of containers’ types, substrates, habitats, harvesting times, duration of trap deposition, and season on the quantity of termites trapped. Calabashes and terra cotta pots trapped more termites than iron boxes, but calabashes were quickly destroyed by termites. The quantity of termites harvested increased proportionally with the volume of the pot and was higher in a cultivated habitat than in a forest, despite the higher number of termite mounds in the forest. The quantity of termites harvested was lowest in the cold-dry season and highest during the rainy season, however, sizeable amounts of termites were collected throughout the year. Among six substrates and mixtures of substrates tested, maize cobs trapped the highest number of termites and cow dung the lowest. The best time of harvest varied among seasons and, if substrates are abundant, it is more efficient to empty the containers on a daily basis.

Land management and sustainable use of land resources in the case of Burkina Faso

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 608-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigue Bazame ◽  
Harun Tanrıvermis ◽  
Yunus Emre Kapusuz
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Land Management ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Land Resources

scholarly journals Evaluation des méthodes de piégeage des termites au nord du Burkina Faso

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 2556-2566
Author(s):  
Aïchatou Nadia Christelle Dao ◽  
Saidou Nacambo ◽  
Fernand Sankara ◽  
Salimata Pousga ◽  
Kalifa Coulibaly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Traditional Method ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Poultry Feed ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Trapping Methods ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Protein Feed

En Afrique de l’Ouest, les termites sont communément utilisés comme alimentation protéinique pour la volaille. Cette étude avait pour objectif de tester et d’améliorer une méthode traditionnelle de collecte des termites par piégeage avec un récipient renversé, au Nord du Burkina Faso. Des essais ont été menés avec deux genres de termites (Macrotermes et Odontotermes) afin d’évaluer l’effet des saisons, des substrats, des récipients et de l’exposition au soleil sur leur piégeage. Six substrats ont été utilisés avec trois types de récipients (en terre cuite, en fer et en plastique) pour collecter les termites. Les résultats ont montré que le canari en terre cuite est le meilleur récipient pour la collecte des termites. Les meilleurs substrats pour capturer les Macrotermes, ont été les substrats contenant des tiges de sorgho et, pour les Odontotermes, les substrats contenant la bouse de vache. L’exposition des pièges au soleil a eu un effet négatif significatif sur les Odontotermes, mais pas sur les Macrotermes. Ces résultats peuvent aider les aviculteurs à améliorer le piégeage des termites en utilisant le récipient et les substrats les plus adéquats et en protégeant leur piège du soleil.Mots clés : Termites, aliments pour volaille, Macrotermes, Odontotermes, Burkina Faso.   English Title: Evaluation of termite trapping methods in northern Burkina Faso In West Africa, termites are commonly used as a protein feed for poultry. The objective of this study was to test and improve a traditional method of trapping termites with an overturned container in northern Burkina Faso. Trials have been conducted with two termite genera (Macrotermes and Odontotermes) to assess the effect of seasons, substrates, containers and sun exposure on their trapping. Six substrates were used with three types of containers (terracotta, iron and plastic) to collect termites. The results showed that the terracotta container is the best container for collecting termites. The best substrates for Macrotermes were the substrates containing sorghum stalks and, for Odontotermes, the substrates containing cow dung. Exposure of the traps to the sun had a significant negative effect on Odontotermes, but not on Macrotermes. These results can help poultry farmers improve termite trapping by using the most suitable container and substrates and protecting their trap from the sun.Keywords: Termites, poultry feed, Macrotermes, Odontotermes, Burkina Faso.

scholarly journals Upgrading biogas using Eburru zeolitic rocks and other adsorbent materials to remove carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulphide

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 421-431
Author(s):  
James K Mbugua ◽  
Joseph M Mwaniki ◽  
Damaris M Nduta ◽  
Francis B Mwaura
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Natural Zeolite ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Total Removal ◽  
Biogas Upgrading ◽  
Zeolite Rocks ◽  
Maize Cobs ◽  
Adsorbent Materials

The trace amounts of carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide in raw biogas lower its calorific value,cause corrosion and make it hard to compress biogas into the cylinder. Raw biogas was obtainedfrom anaerobic digestion of cow dung and market wastes. The gas was stored in tubes or urine bagbefore upgrading. Natural zeolite rocks, maize cobs, steel wire, desulphurizer, and worn-out tyreswere used as the upgrade materials. The composition of biogas was recorded before and afterupgrading using a GP180 portable biogas analyzer from Henan, China. The measured level of rawbiogas was 0.0227% H2S, >20% CO2 and 52-56% CH4. The most efficient upgrade materials werezeolite rocks with upgrade levels of 89–93% methane. The total removal using zeolite wasobserved to be 75% CO2 and 95.34% H2S. The morphological structures of zeolitic rocks accountfor its higher upgrading properties compared to other materials. In addition, the porosity in theserocks mean that CO2 and H2S were adsorbed resulting in high CH4 levels in the upgraded biogas.Other adsorbents showed upgrading properties with removal rates above 70% for both H2S andCO2. Keywords: Biogas, Upgrading, Natural zeolite, Bio-methane

scholarly journals THERAPEUTIC AND PREVENTIVE MEASURES FOR COLIBACTERIOSIS IN INDUSTRIAL POULTRY FARMING

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-57
Author(s):  
Eris Nuraliev ◽  
Kaisar Kushaliev
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Poultry Farm ◽  
Bird Mortality ◽  
Therapeutic Measures ◽  
Poultry Flock ◽  
Pathological Material ◽  
Poultry Farming

The aim of the research is improving measures for the prevention of periodic colisepticaemia infection of hens in industrial poultry farming. To ensure reliable protection of the poultry flock and break the epizootological chain, an optimal scheme of therapeutic measures was developed for chickens of the Rhodonit 3, Hajseks Braun, Braun Nik crosses. Therapeutic measures were carried out in private farms as of causative agent of infection for industrial poultry farming. In the course of conducting an administrative control of private farms of entrepreneurs engaged in incubation, breeding and keeping in exercise pens chickens, guinea fowls, pheasants and turkeys in exercise pens, it was found that periodic mortality of birds from colisepticaemia was the result of violations or non-implementation of therapeutic and preventive measures. Past-mortem examination of non-incubated chickens, tur-keys, guinea fowls and pheasants revealed pathanatomical changes in liver, lungs, heart, and kidneys. In the ex-periment with colistin antibiotic use, of the polypeptide group, which is active in regard to colibacillosis, the flock of 126990 heads participated. With oral use, colistin is practically not absorbed, it is not exposed to digestive en-zymes, thus creating a high colistin antibacterial concentration in the intestine. In an experimental poultry farm, 30- and 60-days-old chickens were treated with the colistin AVZ antibiotic. The drug was prescribed at the rate of 1 liter of the antibiotic colistin AVZ per 4000 liters of drinking water. The colistin AVZ solution was prepared just before drinking and chickens had it during 2 hours after morning feeding for 7 days (the same procedure was repeated until the flock reached 60 days of age). Chickens were not given antibiotics of the controlled farm. After the antibiotic treatment, the safety of the flock was controlled on the daily basis. A Past-mortem examination was performed with a pathoanatomical diagnosis determination and subsequent laboratory test of the pathological material. The bird mortality in the experimental poultry farm was significantly less (949 heads for the entire period of the experiment) than that in the control group (6931 heads).

Managing pluvial resources and improving soil hydrology: Survival questions for cotton farming systems. The case study of the Mouhoun (Burkina Faso)

Biologia ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Valérie Hauchart
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Hydrological Processes ◽  
Erosion Processes

AbstractCotton cropping has been developing for more than 40 years in the western part of Burkina Faso. It has made a definite modernization of the traditional farming system. Modernization is illustrated by adoption of specific agricultural practices like monoculture, tillage, straight sowing and slope ridge planting. Misuse and non-adaptable local pedologic and climatic context of these new practices perturb soil hydrological processes. Outcomes are water loss by runoff, erosion and changes in the soils physical and physiochemical properties.Besides, we can notice in this area for more than 30 years climatic changes which require us to ask ourselves what are the resulting consequences. In fact, these climatic changes generate an extension of the rainy season, an increase in the frequency of high intensity spells but also recurrence of dry spells during the rainy season. Do these new climatic conditions exacerbate the consequences of cotton practices on hydrological processes and induce an aggravation of flow and erosion processes?These evolutions have direct consequences on crop production whereas needs are highly increasing. The improvement of the prevailing agricultural practices and innovative practices might provide improved pluvial resources in critical moments such as rainfall excess at the beginning and the end of the rainy season and short drought conditions after sowing or germination and during flowering. However two questions arise. In the rainfed agriculture, which cultural practices (to reduce runoff and to favour infiltration) are, in regard to pedologic, climatic or socio-economic context, able to allow improved water efficiency and, as a result, an increase of the food grains production? Might selected practices and production addition satisfy requirements of the coming population?

scholarly journals Seasonal and socio-demographic patterns of self-reporting major disease groups in north-west Burkina Faso: an analysis of the Nouna Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) data

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Gottlieb-Stroh ◽  
Aurélia Souares ◽  
Till Bärnighausen ◽  
Ali Sié ◽  
Somkeita Pascal Zabre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Demographic Surveillance System ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
North West ◽  
Major Disease ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Abstract Background Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is facing a rapid growth of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), while communicable diseases still prevail. For rural SSA, evidence for this development is scarce. We aimed at quantifying self-reported major disease groups according to season, and determining the associations with socio-economic factors in rural Burkina Faso. Methods This study used data of 4192 adults (age range: 18–101 years; male: 49.0%) from the Nouna Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) in north-west Burkina Faso, rainy season of 2010 and dry season of 2011. We assessed the proportions and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of self-reported major disease groups as defined by the World Health Organization. For their associations with socio-economic factors, odds ratios (OR), 95% CIs and p-values were calculated by logistic regression. Results The surveys were completed by 3949 adults in 2010 (mean age: 37.5 ± 14.9 years, male: 48.8%) and by 4039 adults in 2011 (mean age: 37.3 ± 16.2 years, male: 49.1%). The proportions of self-reported communicable diseases were 20.7% (95% CI: 19.4–21.9%) in the rainy season and 11.0% (10.0–11.9%; McNemar’s p < 0.0001) in the dry season. Self-reported NCDs amounted to 5.3% (4.6–6.0%) and 4.5% (3.8–5.1%; p = 0.08), respectively. In each year, less than 1% reported injuries (p = 0.57). Few individuals reported an overlap of communicable diseases and NCDs: 1.4% in 2010 and 0.6% in 2011. In the multiple-adjusted models, formal education (vs. lack of education) showed the strongest association with self-reporting of communicable diseases in both seasons. For NCD-reporting, non-manual occupation (vs. manual) was positively associated, only in the rainy season. Conclusions Self-reporting of communicable diseases is subject to seasonal variation in this population in north-west Burkina Faso. The exact reasons for the low overall self-reporting of NCDs and injuries, apart from a low socio-demographic position, require further investigation.

scholarly journals Seasonal Depiction of Malariometric Indices in Children under Five Years in a Sudanese Semi-urban Area of Burkina Faso

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
San M. Ouattara ◽  
Alphonse Ouédraogo ◽  
Alfred B. Tiono ◽  
Benjamin Sombié ◽  
Amidou Diarra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Endemic Malaria ◽  
Transmission Period

Aims: Malariometric indices are essential for the assessment of both new therapies and control strategies. As part of the characterization of a new malaria clinical trial site, this study was carried out to assess malariometric indices during the two seasons of a Sudanese area of Burkina Faso, in children aged under five years. Study Design: Two community-based cross-sectional surveys were conducted as follow: the first during the rainy season of 2009 and the second during the following dry season. Socio-demographic and clinical data were recorded. A finger prick blood sample was collected to perform malaria blood films and to measure the hemoglobin level. Results: Malaria parasitemia prevalence was 55.2% (N = 677) in the rainy season with a geometric mean of parasite density (GMPD) of 3439 trophozoites/µl against 23.3% (N = 720) in the dry season with a GMPD of 1368 trophozoites/µl. Gametocytemia prevalence was 21.7% and 6.5% respectively in rainy and dry season while splenomegaly prevalence was 11.2% (N = 689) in rainy season against 4.2% (N = 752) in dry season. The prevalence of anemia (hemoglobin < 11.0 g/dl) was 90.0% in rainy season and 70.6% in dry season. All indices in rainy season were statistically higher than those in dry season (p-value < 0.0001). The odds of parasite carriage were 3 to 5 times higher in rainy season compared to dry season (95% CI for OR = [3.1, 5.0]). Conclusion: The site is located in a seasonal hyper-endemic malaria area and seems appropriate for the conduct of malaria drugs or vaccines studies. Though the gap between seasons is considerable, the residual level of parasite carriage during low transmission period is not negligible and may command the development of strategies targeting this specific period, to break the chain of transmission of the disease.

scholarly journals Caractéristiques morpho-pédologiques et potentialités agricoles de sols développés sur roches dolomitiques dans le bassin de Taoudéni au Burkina Faso

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 2333-2351
Author(s):  
Fidèle Kabore ◽  
Edmond Hien ◽  
Tockville B. Mare ◽  
Korodjouma Ouattara ◽  
Prosper N. Zombre
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Mineral Horizon ◽  
Water Characteristics ◽  
Judicious Choice ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Potassium Magnesium

Dans l’Ouest du Burkina Faso ont été identifiés des sols développés sur des dolomies. L’absence d’étude pédologique antérieure dans la région, traitant de l’implication géochimique des roches dolomitiques sur les propriétés de ces sols, a conduit à la réalisation d’une étude morpho-pédologique. Celle-ci avait pour objectif d’évaluer l’impact des carbonates sur les caractéristiques morphologiques, physiques, chimiques et hydriques des sols en vue d’en dégager les potentialités. Cette prospection menée à partir de trois transects, partant chacun des trois principales collines dolomitiques de la région (Diounkan, Souroukoudinga et Samendéni) indique l’existence d’argiles de type 2/1. Ces argiles interviennent positivement dans la structuration des sols, la rétention de l’eau et des nutriments grâce à leur CEC élevée comprise entre 11 et 20 cmol(+).kg-1. On note, par ailleurs, un déséquilibre cationique entre Ca2+et Mg2+, car le ratio Ca2+/Mg2+>1 dans l’horizon organo-minéral, devient < 1 en profondeur, traduisant ainsi un excès de Mg2+ à ce niveau. Les rapports Mg2+/K+ et Ca2+/K+ parfois > 50 et le ratio K+/CEC < 0,05, indiquent une carence en K+. Par conséquent, le potassium pourrait constituer, avec le phosphore (< 5 mg.kg-1), les principaux facteurs limitant la productivité des sols. L’utilisation durable de ces sols exige un choix judicieux des types de cultures et un mode de fertilisation organo-minérale pour compenser les carences. Mots clés: Argiles, cations, antagonisme potassium-magnésium, fertilité du sol, roches dolomitiques. English Title: Morpho-pedological characteristics and agricultural potentialities of soils developed on dolomitic rocks in the Taoudeni basin in Burkina FasoIn western of Burkina Faso, soils developed on dolostones have been identified. Lack of previous soil study in the region, dealing with the geochemical implication of dolomitic rocks on the properties of these soils, led to the realization of a morpho-pedological study. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of carbonates on the morphological, physical, chemical and water characteristics of the soils in order to identify their potential. This prospecting carried out starting from three transects, starting each from the three main dolomitic hills of the region (Diounkan, Souroukoudinga and Samendeni) indicates the existence of type 2/1 clays. These clays play a positive role in the structuring of soils, the retention of water and nutrients thanks to their high CEC between 11 and 20 cmol(+)kg-1. There is also a cationic imbalance between Ca2+ and Mg2+, because Ca2+/Mg2+ > 1 ratio in the organo-mineral horizon becomes < 1 from the median horizon, thus reflecting an excess of Mg2+ at this level. The Mg2+/K+ and Ca2+/K+ ratios sometimes > 50 and the K+/CEC ratio < 0.05 indicate a deficiency of K+. Consequently, potassium could constitute with phosphorus (<5 mg.kg-1) the main factors limiting the productivity of these soils. The sustainable use of these soils requires a judicious choice of crop types and an organo-mineral fertilization method to compensate for the deficiencies. Keywords: Clay, cations, potassium-magnesium antagonism, soil fertility, dolostones.

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