scholarly journals Virtual Surgical Planning: Modeling from the Present to the Future

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (23) ◽  
pp. 5655
Author(s):  
G. Dave Singh ◽  
Manarshhjot Singh
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Data ◽  
Cone Beam Ct ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Shape Space ◽  
Virtual Space ◽  
Virtual Surgery ◽  
Surgery Planning ◽  
Current State ◽  
3D Data ◽  
Statistical Shape

Virtual surgery planning is a non-invasive procedure, which uses digital clinical data for diagnostic, procedure selection and treatment planning purposes, including the forecast of potential outcomes. The technique begins with 3D data acquisition, using various methods, which may or may not utilize ionizing radiation, such as 3D stereophotogrammetry, 3D cone-beam CT scans, etc. Regardless of the imaging technique selected, landmark selection, whether it is manual or automated, is the key to transforming clinical data into objects that can be interrogated in virtual space. As a prerequisite, the data require alignment and correspondence such that pre- and post-operative configurations can be compared in real and statistical shape space. In addition, these data permit predictive modeling, using either model-based, data-based or hybrid modeling. These approaches provide perspectives for the development of customized surgical procedures and medical devices with accuracy, precision and intelligence. Therefore, this review briefly summarizes the current state of virtual surgery planning.

scholarly journals Review of statistical shape spaces for 3D data with comparative analysis for human faces

2014 ◽  
Vol 128 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Brunton ◽  
Augusto Salazar ◽  
Timo Bolkart ◽  
Stefanie Wuhrer
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Shape Spaces ◽  
3D Data ◽  
Statistical Shape ◽  
Human Faces

(Re)Engineering Cultural Heritage Contexts using Creative Human Computer Interaction Techniques and Mixed Reality Methodologies

2014 ◽  
pp. 441-451
Author(s):  
Carl Smith
Keyword(s):  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Human Computer Interaction ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Mixed Reality ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Virtual Space ◽  
Interaction Patterns ◽  
Interaction Techniques ◽  
Current State ◽  
Computer Interaction

The contribution of this research is to argue that truly creative patterns for interaction within cultural heritage contexts must create situations and concepts that could not have been realised without the intervention of those interaction patterns. New forms of human-computer interaction and therefore new tools for navigation must be designed that unite the strengths, features, and possibilities of both the physical and the virtual space. The human-computer interaction techniques and mixed reality methodologies formulated during this research are intended to enhance spatial cognition while implicitly improving pattern recognition. This research reports on the current state of location-based technology including Mobile Augmented Reality (MAR) and GPS. The focus is on its application for use within cultural heritage as an educational and outreach tool. The key questions and areas to be investigated include: What are the requirements for effective digital intervention within the cultural heritage sector? What are the affordances of mixed and augmented reality? What mobile technology is currently being utilised to explore cultural heritage? What are the key projects? Finally, through a series of case studies designed and implemented by the author, some broad design guidelines are outlined. The chapter concludes with an overview of the main issues to consider when (re)engineering cultural heritage contexts.

Clinical Importance of Nasal Air Conditioning: A Review of the Literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 763-769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hillary Newsome ◽  
Emily L. Lin ◽  
David M. Poetker ◽  
Guilherme J. M. Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Mucociliary Clearance ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Human Model ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
Virtual Surgery ◽  
Nasal Surgery ◽  
Health Consequences ◽  
Surgery Planning ◽  
Planning Tools

Background Nasal air conditioning (ie, heating and humidification of inspired air) is an important function of the nasal cavity. This function may be reduced in cases of aggressive nasal surgery. Future virtual surgery planning tools may be used to design surgical approaches that preserve the nasal air conditioning capacity while decreasing airflow resistance. However, it is unclear whether there is a threshold below which impaired nasal air conditioning is associated with negative health consequences. Objective This study aims to review the literature on the clinical impact of reduced nasal air conditioning and its implications for nasal surgery outcomes. Methods A literature search was performed on PubMed and Scopus databases for articles that investigated the effect of air temperature and humidity on mucociliary clearance, respiratory epithelial structure, and the prevalence and severity of respiratory diseases. Results Inspiration of cold, dry air has direct effects on the respiratory epithelium, such as reduced mucociliary clearance and loss of cilia. Nasal surgeries do inflict some changes to the nasal mucosa and geometry that may result in decreased heating and humidification, but it is unclear how long these effects last. Laryngectomy patients serve as a human model for the absence of nasal air conditioning. The heat and moisture exchangers that many laryngectomy patients wear have been shown to improve lung function and reduce pulmonary symptoms associated with breathing unconditioned air, such as increased coughing and thickened mucus. Conclusion Nasal air conditioning is an important mechanism to maintain mucociliary clearance and prevent infection by inhaled pathogens. Preservation of nasal air conditioning capacity should be considered in the implementation of future virtual surgery planning tools. However, a threshold for the onset of negative health consequences due to impaired nasal air conditioning is not yet available.

scholarly journals Dental Imaging – A basic guide for the radiologist

2018 ◽  
Vol 191 (03) ◽  
pp. 192-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Masthoff ◽  
Mirjam Gerwing ◽  
Malte Masthoff ◽  
Maximilian Timme ◽  
Johannes Kleinheinz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Cone Beam Ct ◽  
Dental Trauma ◽  
Dental Radiology ◽  
Tooth Structure ◽  
Dental Imaging ◽  
Current State ◽  
Postoperative Control ◽  
Focus Of Infection

Background As dental imaging accounts for approximately 40 % of all X-ray examinations in Germany, profound knowledge of this topic is essential not only for the dentist but also for the clinical radiologist. This review focuses on basic imaging findings regarding the teeth. Therefore, tooth structure, currently available imaging techniques and common findings in conserving dentistry including endodontology, periodontology, implantology and dental trauma are presented. Methods Literature research on the current state of dental radiology was performed using Pubmed. Results and Conclusion Currently, the most frequent imaging techniques are the orthopantomogram (OPG) and single-tooth radiograph, as well as computer tomography (CT) and cone beam CT mainly for implantology (planning or postoperative control) or trauma indications. Especially early diagnosis and correct classification of a dental trauma, such as dental pulp involvement, prevents from treatment delays or worsening of therapy options and prognosis. Furthermore, teeth are commonly a hidden focus of infection.Since radiologists are frequently confronted with dental imaging, either concerning a particular question such as a trauma patient or regarding incidental findings throughout head and neck imaging, further training in this field is more than worthwhile to facilitate an early and sufficient dental treatment. Key points  Citation Format

scholarly journals Web tools to fight pandemics: the COVID-19 experience

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Mercatelli ◽  
Andrew N Holding ◽  
Federico M Giorgi
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Data ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Online Resources ◽  
Current State ◽  
Web Tools ◽  
Current Outbreak ◽  
Online Methods

Abstract The current outbreak of COVID-19 has generated an unprecedented scientific response worldwide, with the generation of vast amounts of publicly available epidemiological, biological and clinical data. Bioinformatics scientists have quickly produced online methods to provide non-computational users with the opportunity of analyzing such data. In this review, we report the results of this effort, by cataloguing the currently most popular web tools for COVID-19 research and analysis. Our focus was driven on tools drawing data from the fields of epidemiology, genomics, interactomics and pharmacology, in order to provide a meaningful depiction of the current state of the art of COVID-19 online resources.

scholarly journals A New 3D Model Retrieval Method with Building Blocks

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingquan Zhou ◽  
Qingsong Huo ◽  
Guohua Geng ◽  
Xiaojing Liu
Keyword(s):  
3D Model ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
3D Models ◽  
3D Model Retrieval ◽  
Virtual Space ◽  
3D Data ◽  
Model Retrieval ◽  
Voxel Model ◽  
Interactive 3D ◽  
Application Fields

As the numbers of 3D models available grow in many application fields, there is an increasing need for a search method to help people find them. Unfortunately, traditional search techniques are not always effective for 3D data. In this paper, we describe a novel method of interactive 3D model retrieval with building blocks. First, by using a cube block as the baseblock in a 3D virtual space, we may construct the query model with human-computer interaction method. Then through retrieving the polygon model of the database generated by the voxel model, we may get retrieval results in real time. Experiments are conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed method.

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