Micro-Aid Liquid 10 Promotes Growth Performance and Health Status of White Shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of the Micro-Aid Liquid 10 (MAL10) (DPI Global, Porterville, CA, USA), a product made from yucca extract, on growth performance, gut microbiota, and resistance of white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei against infectious disease caused by Vibrio alginolyticus. MAL10 was added to shrimp rearing water at different levels of 0 (control), 0.25 mL m3−1 (W0.25), 0.5 mL m3−1 (W0.5), 1 mL m3−1 (W1), and 5 mL m3−1 (W5), respectively, once per week for 70 days. Growth performances, including final body weight, specific growth rate, average daily growth and percentage of weight gain, were significantly improved by adding the MAL10 at levels up to 5 mL m3−1, which may be due to the proliferation of B cells in hepatopancreas of MAL10-treated shrimp. No significant differences in the total viable count and Vibrio-like count in the gut of shrimp were recorded by spread plate method. In the challenge test, shrimp reared in the water supplemented with MAL10 at levels of 1–5 mL m3−1 had significantly lower cumulative mortality after a challenge test with V. alginolyticus compared to shrimp reared in the control, W0.25 and W0.5 groups. Next-generation sequencing indicated that the relative distribution of phylum Proteobacteria in control (80.4%) was higher than the W (77.4%). The proportion of Vibrio was primarily dominant genera in the shrimp intestine and highest in the control group compared to the W group, followed by Spongiimonas, Motilimonas, Demequina, and Shewanella genera. Although there was no statistically significant difference, higher α-diversity indices were recorded in the W5-treated group than in the control group. Therefore, it is considered that MAL10 could be used as a natural alternative in shrimp aquaculture to reduce the risk of infectious disease caused by pathogenic Vibrio and improve the growth performance of white shrimp.

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Astaxanthin Attenuates Fish Oil-Related Hepatotoxicity and Oxidative Insult in Juvenile Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)

Marine Drugs ◽

10.3390/md18040218 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 218 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yingying Yu ◽

Yang Liu ◽

Peng Yin ◽

Weiwen Zhou ◽

Lixia Tian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fish Oil ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽

Pacific White Shrimp ◽

White Shrimp ◽

Final Body Weight ◽

Protective Function ◽

Fresh Fish ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Oxidized Fish Oil

The present study investigated the effect of dietary astaxanthin (AX) on the growth performance, antioxidant parameters, and repair of hepatopancreas damage in Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). To evaluate the hepatopancreas protective function of AX in shrimps, we compared the effect of five isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets under oxidized fish oil conditions with varying AX levels during the 50-day experimental period. The formulated diets were as follows: (i) OFO (oxidized fish oil); (ii) OFO/AX150 (oxidized fish oil + AX150 mg/kg); (iii) OFO/AX250 (oxidized fish oil + AX250 mg/kg); (iv) OFO/AX450 (oxidized fish oil + AX450 mg/kg); and, (v) control group (fresh fish oil). Results showed that the oxidized fish oil with 275.2 meq/kg peroxide value (POV) resulted in a substantial decrease in the final body weight of L. vannamei (P > 0.05) and induced some visible histopathological alterations in the hepatopancreas. Growth performance was significantly higher in shrimps fed with the OFO/AX450 diet than those fed with the OFO diet (p < 0.05). However, no significant difference was observed when the OFO/AX450 diet was compared to the control diet containing fresh fish oil (p > 0.05). Moreover, shrimps under the OFO/AX450 diet displayed a significant improvement in hepatopancreatic health and showed a reduction of malondialdehyde (MDA) compared to those under the OFO diet (p < 0.05). Dietary AX improved the antioxidant capacity of L. vannamei by increasing the catalase (CAT) activity in the hemolymph. Acute salinity change test showed a higher shrimp survival rate under OFO/AX450 diet than the OFO diet (p < 0.05), suggesting that AX can contribute to enhanced stress tolerance. In conclusion, our data suggest that AX confers dose-dependent protection against OFO-induced oxidative insults and hepatopancreatic damage in shrimp.

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Molecular effects of mannanase-hydrolyzed coprameal to intestinal immunity in the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)

10.1101/2021.02.16.431529 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Wanilada Rungrassamee ◽

Sopacha Arayamethakorn ◽

Nitsara Karoonuthaisiri ◽

Shih-Chu Chen ◽

Eric Chang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune System ◽

Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽

Control Diet ◽

Pacific White Shrimp ◽

White Shrimp ◽

Control Group ◽

Intestinal Immunity ◽

Toll Like Receptor ◽

Transcript Levels ◽

Significant Difference

AbstractTo mitigate disease outbreak, an alternative approach through enhancing shrimp immunity was explored. Mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) have been previously reported to enhance shrimp immune system. Here, coprameal samples were digested with mannanase to yield MOS, namely, mannanase-hydrolyzed coprameal (MCM) and feasibility of MCM as shrimp immunostimulant in grow-out ponds was determined. Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) were fed with the commercial diet containing 1% MCM as the MCM-supplemented group and compared to the non-MCM control diet. There was no significant difference in survival rates between the MCM-supplemented and the control groups throughout the 4-month-period of the trial (p > 0.05). Gene expression analysis in shrimp intestines revealed that the transcript levels of antimicrobial peptides (anti-lipopolysaccharide factor isoform 1 (alf1), penaeidin (pen3a) and crustin (crus)) and lysozymes (lyz) were not significantly different in the MCM-supplemented group. Meanwhile, C-type lectin and toll-like receptor transcript levels, whose gene products play roles as pattern recognition proteins, were significantly higher in a group fed with MCM for 2- and 4-month periods than those of the control group (p < 0.05). The increased transcript levels of C-type lectin and toll-like receptor provide evidence for potential implementation of MCM as feed supplement to modulate shrimp immune system.

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Effects of Bacillus velezensis Supplementation on the Growth Performance, Immune Responses, and Intestine Microbiota of Litopenaeus vannamei

Frontiers in Marine Science ◽

10.3389/fmars.2021.744281 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Lizhu Chen ◽

Chengjie Lv ◽

Bin Li ◽

Huawei Zhang ◽

Lihua Ren ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Responses ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Control Diet ◽

Challenge Test ◽

Feed Additive ◽

Bacillus Velezensis ◽

Final Body Weight ◽

Gain Rate

In the present study, Bacillus velezensis (BV007, CGMCC No. 20039) was isolated from the gut of Litopenaeus vannamei, and the effects of BV007 on the growth performance, immune responses, and intestine microbiota of the shrimp were investigated. A total of 1,200 healthy shrimp (3.0 ± 0.3 cm, 0.32 ± 0.8 g) were randomly divided into four groups, and fed diets supplemented with different levels of BV007 (C: 0; BV1: 1 × 105 CFU/g; BV2: 1 × 107 CFU/g; and BV3: 1 × 109 CFU/g) for 8 weeks. The results showed a significantly increased final body length (FBL), length gain rate (LGR), final body weight (FBW), weight gain rate (WGR), plumpness index (PI), and specific growth rate (SGR) in shrimp fed with BV007 for 42 days compared with shrimp fed with control diet. The activity of α-amylase in hepatopancreas was also significantly increased in the BV007-administered groups. After 42 days of growth trial, the challenge test with Vibrio parahaemolyticus was conducted for 2 weeks. The enhanced immune responses were exhibited by shrimp fed with BV007 after V. parahaemolyticus challenge, particularly in respiratory bursts and superoxide dismutase, catalase, and alkaline phosphatase activities. Moreover, the administration of BV007 could considerably increase the abundance of potential probiotics (Bacillus) and reduced the abundances of potential pathogenic bacteria (Vibrio) in shrimp intestines. In conclusion, the dietary supplementation with B. velezensis BV007 could promote the growth performance, enhance the immune responses, and modulate the intestine microbiota of shrimp, and 107 CFU/g feed was recommended to be used as a feed additive to enhance the growth and health status of shrimp.

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Comparison of Gene Expression Between Resistant and Susceptible Families Against VPAHPND and Identification of Biomarkers Used for Resistance Evaluation in Litopenaeus vannamei

Frontiers in Genetics ◽

10.3389/fgene.2021.772442 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Qian Zhang ◽

Yang Yu ◽

Zheng Luo ◽

Jianhai Xiang ◽

Fuhua Li

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽

Expression Patterns ◽

Challenge Test ◽

Enrichment Analysis ◽

Pacific White Shrimp ◽

Gene Set Enrichment Analysis ◽

White Shrimp ◽

Pairwise Comparisons ◽

Significant Difference

Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) has caused a heavy loss to shrimp aquaculture since its outbreak. Vibrio parahaemolyticus (VPAHPND) is regarded as one of the main pathogens that caused AHPND in the Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. In order to learn more about the mechanism of resistance to AHPND, the resistant and susceptible shrimp families were obtained through genetic breeding, and comparative transcriptome approach was used to analyze the gene expression patterns between resistant and susceptible families. A total of 95 families were subjected to VPAHPND challenge test, and significant variations in the resistance of these families were observed. Three pairs of resistant and susceptible families were selected for transcriptome sequencing. A total of 489 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) that presented in at least two pairwise comparisons were screened, including 196 DEGs highly expressed in the susceptible families and 293 DEGs in the resistant families. Among these DEGs, 16 genes demonstrated significant difference in all three pairwise comparisons. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) of all 27,331 expressed genes indicated that some energy metabolism processes were enriched in the resistant families, while signal transduction and immune system were enriched in the susceptible families. A total of 32 DEGs were further confirmed in the offspring of the detected families, among which 19 genes were successfully verified. The identified genes in this study will be useful for clarifying the genetic mechanism of shrimp resistance against Vibrio and will further provide molecular markers for evaluating the disease resistance of shrimp in the breeding program.

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Efficacy of neem leaf, nishyinda leaf and turmeric rhizome supplementation on the growth performance of broiler chicken

Research in Agriculture Livestock and Fisheries ◽

10.3329/ralf.v3i2.29361 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 331-338

Author(s):

Nahid Nawrin Sultana ◽

Soheli Jahan Mou ◽

Mahbub Mostofa ◽

Md Abdur Rahman

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

Control Group ◽

Final Body Weight ◽

Live Body Weight ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Group A ◽

Group B

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of Neem (Azadirachta indica) leaf, Nishyinda (Vitex nogundo) leaf and Turmeric rhizome (Curcuma longa) powdered supplementation in drinking water as a growth promoter in broiler chickens. A total of 40 day-old Cobb 40 broiler chicks were purchased from local hatchery (Nourish Poultry & Hatchery Ltd.) and after seven days of acclimatization chicks were randomly divided into two groups, A and B. The group A was kept as a control and not treated. The group B was supplemented with Neem, Nishyinda leaves and Turmeric dried powder with feed and water. Weekly observations were recorded for live body weight gain up to 5th weeks and hematological tests were performed at 7th and 35th days age of broiler to search for hematological change between control (A) and treatment (B) groups. The initial body weight of groups A and B on 7th day of this experiment were 130±4.35 gm, respectively and after 35th day of experiment final body weight were 150±47.35 gm and 1600±58.56 gm, respectively; the net body weight gain were 1320±43.79 gm and 1470±54.25 gm, respectively and economics of production were analyzed and found that net profit per broiler was Tk. 17.24 and Tk. 30.00, respectively. The treatment group B was recorded statistically significant (at 1% level) increase for live body weight than that of control group A. The hematological difference, while Hb. estimation does not show significant difference from control group. The results suggest that better growth performance could be achieved in broilers supplemented with Neem, Nishyinda leaves and Turmeric rhizome extract.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.3(2): 331-338, August 2016

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Effect of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae meal on lipid and glucose metabolism of Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114521004670 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-39

Author(s):

Yongkang Chen ◽

Shuyan Chi ◽

Shuang Zhang ◽

Xiaohui Dong ◽

Qihui Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Glucose Metabolism ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Pacific White Shrimp ◽

White Shrimp ◽

Black Soldier Fly ◽

Hermetia Illucens ◽

Crude Lipid ◽

Significant Difference

Abstract The present study investigated the effect of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae meal (BSF) on hemolymph biochemical indicators, muscle metabolites as well as the lipid and glucose metabolism of Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Four diets were formulated in which the control diet contained 25% fishmeal (FM) and 10% (BSF10), 20% (BSF20) and 30% (BSF30) of fishmeal protein were replaced with BSF. 480 shrimp (0.88 ± 0.00 g) were distributed to four groups of three replicates and fed for 7 weeks. Results showed that growth performance of shrimp fed BSF30 significantly decreased compared to those fed FM, but there was no significant difference in survival among groups. The whole shrimp crude lipid (CL) content, hemolymph triglyceride and total cholesterol were decreased with the increasing BSF inclusion. The results of metabolomics showed that the metabolite patterns of shrimp fed different diets were altered, with significant changes in metabolites related to lipid metabolism, glucose metabolism as well as TCA cycle. The mRNA expressions of hk, pfk, pk, pepck, ampk, mcd, cpt-1 and scd1 in hepatopancreas were downregulated in shrimp fed BSF30, but mRNA expression of acc1 was upregulated. Unlike BSF30, the mRNA expressions of fas, cpt-1, fbp and 6pgd in hepatopancreas were upregulated in shrimp fed BSF20. This study indicates that BSF20 diet promoted lipid synthesis and lipolysis, while BSF30 diet weakened β-oxidation and glycolysis as well as affected the unsaturated fatty acids synthesis, which may affect the growth performance and body composition of shrimp.

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Moringa leaf meal as natural feed additives on the growth performance and meat quality of commercial broiler chicken

Asian Journal of Medical and Biological Research ◽

10.3329/ajmbr.v3i2.33576 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 240-244 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Md Sazedul Karim Sarker ◽

Md Masud Rana ◽

Halima Khatun ◽

Shakila Faruque ◽

Nathu Ram Sarker ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Meat Quality ◽

Broiler Chicken ◽

Live Weight ◽

Feed Additives ◽

Control Group ◽

Final Body Weight ◽

Meat Yield ◽

Leaf Meal ◽

Significant Difference

A study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary moringa leaf meal (MLM) as a natural alternative to antibiotic on the growth performance, meat quality and carcass yield of broiler chicken. A total of 270 day-old broiler chicks were randomly weighed and assigned to six dietary treatments having 45 birds in each. Each dietary treatment had three replicates of 15 birds and was reared in floor pens. Chicks were distributed in 4 different inclusion levels of MLM in diets; 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0% with 2 control diets negative and positive. The birds were fed the experimental diets and water was provided without restriction throughout the experimental period. The results showed that significant (P<0.05) effect on final body weight and weight gain in dietary supplementation of 1.5% MLM as compared to that of control group. Better feed conversion (1.53) was observed at 1.5% MLM group. Different levels of MLM exhibit significant influence on meat yield performance of broilers. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) observed among the average live weight, thigh meat, wing meat, drumstick meat, gizzard and abdominal fat of broilers. Breast meat, heart, liver, large intestine and dressing percentage showed significant difference. Lower mortality was found on diet supplemented with MLM. It is concluded that 1.5% MLM in broiler diets can be used as natural feed additive for enhancing growth performance, organ development, meat yield and serum cholesterol of broilers as well as replacing of oxytetracycline.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2017, 3(2): 240-244

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