scholarly journals Quantification of Resilience Considering Different Migration Biographies: A Case Study of Pune, India

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1134
Author(s):  
Ann-Christine Link ◽  
Yuanzao Zhu ◽  
Raphael Karutz
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Rural Migrants ◽  
Urban Households ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Improvement Interventions ◽  
And Migration

Urbanization proceeds globally and is often driven by migration. Simultaneously, cities face severe exposure to environmental hazards such as floods and heatwaves posing threats to millions of urban households. Consequently, fostering urban households’ resilience is imperative, yet often impeded by the lack of its accurate assessment. We developed a structural equation model to quantify households’ resilience, considering their assets, housing, and health properties. Based on a household survey (n = 1872), we calculate the resilience of households in Pune, India with and without migration biography and compare different sub-groups. We further analyze how households are exposed to and affected by floods and heatwaves. Our results show that not migration as such but the type of migration, particularly, the residence zone at the migration destination (formal urban or slum) and migration origin (urban or rural) provide insights into households’ resilience and affectedness by extreme weather events. While on average, migrants in our study have higher resilience than non-migrants, the sub-group of rural migrants living in slums score significantly lower than the respective non-migrant cohort. Further characteristics of the migration biography such as migration distance, time since arrival at the destination, and the reasons for migration contribute to households’ resilience. Consequently, the opposing generalized notions in literature of migrants either as the least resilient group or as high performers, need to be overcome as our study shows that within one city, migrants are found both at the top and the bottom of the resilience range. Thus, we recommend that policymakers include migrants’ biographies when assessing their resilience and when designing resilience improvement interventions to help the least resilient migrant groups more effectively.

scholarly journals Empirical Underidentification with the Bifactor Model: A Case Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 78 (5) ◽  
pp. 717-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Green ◽  
Yanyun Yang
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Model ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Bifactor Model ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Bifactor Models

Bifactor models are commonly used to assess whether psychological and educational constructs underlie a set of measures. We consider empirical underidentification problems that are encountered when fitting particular types of bifactor models to certain types of data sets. The objective of the article was fourfold: (a) to allow readers to gain a better general understanding of issues surrounding empirical identification, (b) to offer insights into empirical underidentification with bifactor models, (c) to inform methodologists who explore bifactor models about empirical underidentification with these models, and (d) to propose strategies for structural equation model users to deal with underidentification problems that can emerge when applying bifactor models.

scholarly journals THE ANTECEDENT OF CUSTOMER SATISFACTION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andala Rama Putra Barusman ◽  
Evelin Putri Rulian ◽  
Susanto Susanto
Keyword(s):  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Structural Equation Model ◽  
Customer Relationship Management ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Hospitality Industry ◽  
Relationship Management ◽  
Customer Retention ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Customer Relationship

Taking a case study of tourism as hospitality industry in Lampung Province in Indonesia, we analyze the antecedent of customer satisfaction and its impact on customer retention. Using Structural Equation Model (SEM), we find that customer relationship management has a significant impact on service quality, customer satisfaction and customer retention.

scholarly journals Weather Literacy in Times of Climate Change

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadine Fleischhut ◽  
Stefan M. Herzog ◽  
Ralph Hertwig
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Extreme Weather ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
The Public ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
The Future ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Weather Risks

AbstractAs climate change unfolds, extreme weather events are on the rise worldwide. According to experts, extreme weather risks already outrank those of terrorism and migration in likelihood and impact. But how well does the public understand weather risks and forecast uncertainty and thus grasp the amplified weather risks that climate change poses for the future? In a nationally representative survey (N = 1004; Germany), we tested the public’s weather literacy and awareness of climate change using 62 factual questions. Many respondents misjudged important weather risks (e.g., they were unaware that UV radiation can be higher under patchy cloud cover than on a cloudless day) and struggled to connect weather conditions to their impacts (e.g., they overestimated the distance to a thunderstorm). Most misinterpreted a probabilistic forecast deterministically, yet they strongly underestimated the uncertainty of deterministic forecasts. Respondents with higher weather literacy obtained weather information more often and spent more time outside but were not more educated. Those better informed about climate change were only slightly more weather literate. Overall, the public does not seem well equipped to anticipate weather risks in the here and now and may thus also fail to fully grasp what climate change implies for the future. These deficits in weather literacy highlight the need for impact forecasts that translate what the weather may be into what the weather may do and for transparent communication of uncertainty to the public. Boosting weather literacy may help to improve the public’s understanding of weather and climate change risks, thereby fostering informed decisions and mitigation support.

scholarly journals Policy options for addressing climate change, with a focus on ecosystem based adaptation: a case study of Guyana

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramesh Lilwah
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Extreme Weather ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Resource Sector ◽  
Adaptation Method ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Close to ninety percent of Guyana‟s population live along a low lying coastal plain, which is below sea level and very vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. While the national government has not yet developed a comprehensive climate policy, the potential impacts of climate change is considered in several sectoral policies, much of which emphasize mitigation, with little focus on adaptation. This research examined the current priorities for adaptation by a review of the policies within the natural resource sector to identify opportunities for adaptation, especially ecosystem based adaptation. A Diagnostic Adaptation Framework (DAF) was used to help identify approaches to address a given adaptation challenge with regards to needs, measures and options. A survey questionnaire was used to support the policy reviews and identified four key vulnerabilities: coastal floods; sea level rise; drought and extreme weather events. The application of the DAF in selecting an adaptation method suggests the need for more data on drought and extreme weather events. Coastal flooding is addressed, with recognized need for more data and public awareness for ecosystem based adaptation

The Empirical Analysis of Cable TV Network's Transformation under the Background of Convergence

2013 ◽  
Vol 850-851 ◽  
pp. 422-426
Author(s):  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Jian Qiu Zeng ◽  
Ye Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Research Focus ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Cable Tv ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

This research focus on the influence of the network convergence to the cable TV network enterprises. Based on the literature review, status quo and case study, this research combines the collection of open questionnaires, generalizes the influencing factors of the cable TV networks transformation that involve external and internal factors. The influence of external factors is evaluated by the influence of each factor to the component elements of the model, while that of the internal factors is estimated through that to the enterprises competitive advantage. Therefore, this research establishes the structural equation model, followed by the corresponding hypotheses and tests.

Surveying After a Disaster: Capturing Elements of Vulnerability, Risk and Lessons Learned from a Household Survey in the Case Study of Hurricane Irma in Sint Maarten

2019 ◽  
Vol 06 (02) ◽  
pp. 1950001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neiler Medina ◽  
Yared Abayneh Abebe ◽  
Arlex Sanchez ◽  
Zoran Vojinovic ◽  
Igor Nikolic
Keyword(s):  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
High Tendency ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Hurricane Irma

On September 5 2017, a Category 5 Hurricane, named Irma, struck the Caribbean island of Sint Maarten causing destruction and loss of life across the territory. This paper presents a household survey and the main findings related to vulnerability and risk to extreme weather events in the aftermath of Hurricane Irma. The post-disaster context posed challenges in relation to data collection, determination of sample size and timing of the fieldwork. The survey was conducted using a combination of face-to-face interviews and web-administered questionnaires. This method proved useful in achieving a better coverage of the study area as well as obtaining a greater overall response rate. With regards to the timing of the survey, it was found that a period of six months between Hurricane Irma’s landfall and the field data campaign was adequate in terms of availability of resources and emotional distress of respondents. Data collected in the survey was categorized into general household information, hurricane preparedness and reaction, and risk perception/awareness. Survey findings show that the factors that increased vulnerability and risk on the island include a high tenancy rate, low insurance coverage, lack of house maintenance, disregard to building regulations (particularly on leased lands), low evacuation rate, not receiving a clear warning, and lack of preparation. The factors that reduce vulnerability include high hurricane awareness at a household level and high tendency of rebuilding houses with comparable quality to houses that can sustain hurricanes. Finally, recommendations are provided that could potentially reduce communities’ vulnerability and risk to hurricanes, and lessons learned in conducting household surveys after disasters.

Assessment of extreme weather events on transport networks: case study of the 2007 wildfires in Peloponnesus

2013 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evangelos Mitsakis ◽  
Iraklis Stamos ◽  
Anestis Papanikolaou ◽  
Georgia Aifadopoulou ◽  
Haris Kontoes
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Weather ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Transport Networks ◽  
Weather Events

scholarly journals How Does China’s New Consumption Era Reshape Residents’ Shopping Behaviors from the Perspective of Community in Hohhot, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7599
Author(s):  
Fangqu Niu ◽  
Fang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Penetration Rate ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
New Era ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Variable Influence ◽  
The City

In the new consumption era, the popularization and application of information technology has continuously enriched residents’ consumption channels, gradually reshaping their consumption concepts and shopping behaviors. In this paper, Hohhot is taken as a case study, using open-source big data and field survey data to theorize the characteristics and mechanism of residents’ shopping behaviors in different segments of consumers based on geography. First, communities were divided into five types according to their location and properties: main communities in urban areas (MCs), historical communities in urban areas (HCs), high-grade communities in the outskirts of the city (HGCs), mid-grade communities in urban peripheries (MGCs), and urban villages (UVs). On this basis, a structural equation model is used to explore the characteristics of residents’ shopping behaviors and their influencing mechanisms in the new consumption era. The results showed that: (1) The online shopping penetration rate of residents in UVs and HCs is lowest, and that of residents in HGC is highest. (2) The types of products purchased in online and offline shopping by different types of community show certain differences. (3) From the perspective of influencing mechanisms, residents’ characteristics directly affect their shopping behaviors and, indirectly (through the choice of community where they live and their consumption attitudes), their differences in shopping behaviors. Different properties of communities cannot directly affect residents’ shopping behaviors, but they can affect them indirectly by influencing consumption attitudes and then affect such behaviors. Typical consumption attitudes of the new era, such as shopping for luxuries and emerging consumption, have the most significant and direct influence on shopping behaviors, as well as an intermediate and variable influence.

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