scholarly journals Comparison of Chicken Immune Responses to Immunization with Vaccine La Sota or ZG1999HDS Strain of Newcastle Disease Virus

Life ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Gordana Nedeljković ◽  
Hrvoje Mazija ◽  
Željko Cvetić ◽  
Mladen Jergović ◽  
Krešo Bendelja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Haemagglutination Inhibition ◽  
Saline Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cell Mediated Immunity ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Suitable Candidate ◽  
Group A ◽  
Avian Disease

Newcastle disease (ND) is a highly contagious avian disease. Global control of ND is mainly based on vaccination of poultry; however, reported outbreaks of ND in vaccinated flocks indicate a constant need to re-evaluate the existing vaccines and a development of the new ones. In this study, 4-week-old male chickens of the layer commercial hybrid were immunized oculonasally with a commercial NDV live La Sota vaccine (LS group), a suspension of lyophilized NDV strain ZG1999HDS (ZG group), or saline (Control (K) group). Antibody response was determined by haemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay. Cell-mediated immunity (CMI) was characterized by immunophenotyping of leukocyte’s and T-lymphocyte’s subpopulations (flow cytometry). Applied NDV strains did not cause any adverse reaction in treated chickens. Both strains induced the significantly higher HI antibody response in comparison to the control group, and overall antibody titer was higher in ZG group than in LS group. CMI, manifested as a higher proliferation of B- and T-helper cells, yielded better results in the ZG groups than in the LS group. Based on the obtained results, we conclude that the strain ZG1999HDS is immunogenic and is a suitable candidate for further research and development of poultry vaccines.

scholarly journals Influence of Maternal Antibody on the Efficacy of Newcastle Disease Vaccination in Broilers

2020 ◽  
pp. 108-114
Author(s):  
Pubaleem Deka ◽  
Sangeeta Das ◽  
Pankaj Deka
Keyword(s):  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Haemagglutination Inhibition ◽  
Maternal Antibody ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Economic Implication ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Unvaccinated Control

The half-life of maternal antibody (mAb) titres against Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) were estimated in order to trace its likely declining pattern and the influence on the efficacy of vaccination in broiler chicks. Our study was also conducted to compare two vaccination regimens with live and inactivated NDV vaccine. For this purpose, ninety day-old broiler chicks with known NDV vaccination history of parent stock were randomly allocated into three groups (I) unvaccinated control, (II) Live NDV vaccine, and (III) Live + Inactivated NDV vaccine. Haemagglutination-inhibition (HI) antibodies were determined in the pre- and post-vaccination sera of the experimental chicks. The results indicated that the unvaccinated group showed higher level of mAb against NDV at day 1 with HI antibody titre (Log2) 9.32 which was maintained up to 7 days of age (8.11) and gradually declined with no measurable antibodies of maternal origin after day 14, signifying the initiation of Newcastle Disease (ND) vaccination at 7 days of age. The vaccinated Group II and III revealed significantly higher HI titre at day 14 (11.52, 12.42), day 21 (12.95, 13.22), day 28 (11.63, 12.18) and day 35 (13.31, 13.39) than the unvaccinated control group I. Moreover, there is no significant difference in humoral immune response among both the vaccinated groups. Thus, our study suggests the use of live NDV vaccines for ND prevention in commercial broiler farming over the inactivated NDV vaccines which demands a withdrawal period before slaughter and its economic implication due to additional cost. This study also indicated that the half-life values of mAb and its effect should be considered while customizing an effective vaccine regimen.

scholarly journals Histological and biochemical effects of Cinnamomum cassia nanoparticles in kidneys of diabetic Sprague-Dawley rats

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koffi Kouame ◽  
Aniekan Imo Peter ◽  
Edidiong Nnamso Akang ◽  
Roshila Moodley ◽  
Edwin Coleridge Naidu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Saline Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Cinnamomum Cassia ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

This study investigated the antidiabetic activity of Cinnamomum cassia (C. cassia, Cc) silver nanoparticles (CcAgNPS) and effects of C. cassia on the kidneys of rats with induced type 2 diabetes. Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 250 ± 20 g were induced with diabetes by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ, 60 mg/kg). Animals were randomly assigned to one of four groups (n = 6) and treated for eight weeks with normal saline (control, group A), 5 mg/kg of CcAgNPs (group B), 10 mg/kg of CcAgNPs (group C), or 200 mg/kg of Cc (group D). Body weight and fasting blood glucose (FBG) was measured weekly and fortnightly, respectively. At the end of experiments, animals were euthanized, blood and kidney tissue samples were collected for biochemistry (oxidative stress markers and renal function parameters) and kidneys were harvested for histology (PAS and HE staining). Body weight was significantly higher in group B and C vs. control (p < 0.05), while no significant differences were observed in the kidney-to-body weight ratio between groups. FBG, glutathione, malondialdehyde, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, serum urea and creatinine were significantly lower in group B, C and/or D vs. control (all p < 0.05). In group A, severe distortion of the glomerular network was observed, marked by the loss of capsular integrity, thickened basement membrane, tubular cells with pyknotic nuclei, vacuolization, and interstitial space with infiltrations. These adverse effects were mitigated by 5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg of CcAgNPs. Our study confirms structural and functional damage to kidneys caused by diabetes. CcAgNPs have a regenerative potential in diabetes-induced kidney damage and may be used as an antidiabetic agent.

PREPARATION AND EVALUATION OF AVIAN INFLUENZA (H9) AND NEWCASTLE DISEASE (THERMOSTABLE I-2 STRAIN) BIVALENT VACCINE FOR COMMERCIAL POULTRY

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
Rabia Sabir
Keyword(s):  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Group A ◽  
Commercial Poultry ◽  
Group B ◽  
Preparation And Evaluation

The goal of current research was production of bivalent adjuvant based inactivated I-2 strain of Newcastle Disease (ND) and Avian Influenza (AI) vaccine and to compare efficacy with commercially available bivalent inactivated vaccine. Experiment was carried out on one-day-old broiler chicks by dividing them into 3 groups A, B & C. Vaccine was injected on 7, 14, 21 and 28 day. Blood samples were collected on 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 day. Results of Hemagglutination Inhibition (HI) test presented the geometric mean titers of group A and B were <1:4, 1:18.8, 1:115.2, 1:358.4, 1:128 & <1:4, 1:8.4, 1:36.8, 1:56, 1:22.4 respectively for AI. Similarly the geometric mean titers of group A and B were <1:4, 1:19.6, 1:89.6, 1:320, 1:115.2 & <1:4, 1:9.2, 1:25.6, 1:36.8, 1:22.4, respectively for ND. However, control group showed <1:4 geometric mean titer. The challenge was given on 28th day and birds were monitored for next 7 days for clinical signs. The chicks of group A showed no clinical signs of diseases (AI, ND). However, in group B 60% morbidity and 90% mortality was recorded on 4th and 6th day of post challenge, respectively. While 100% mortality was recorded in control group.

scholarly journals The Effect of Acupuncture to SP6 on Skin Temperature Changes of SP6 and SP10: An Observation of “Deqi”

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia-Min Yang ◽  
Xiao-Yu Shen ◽  
Ling Zhang ◽  
Song-Xi Shen ◽  
Dan-Dan Qi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Temperature ◽  
Saline Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Model ◽  
Model Group ◽  
Saline Control Group ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Relationship

Background. Deqi sensation is a complex but an important component for acupuncture effect. In this study, we tried to observe the relationship between Deqi and skin temperature changes and whether there was some relativity between Deqi and needle stimulations on cold congealing and dysmenorrhea rat model. Thirty-two female Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into four groups (Saline Control Group, Model Group, Group A with strong stimulation, and Group B with small stimulation). Group A and Group B were performed with different stimulations. We found that, compared with saline control group, model group, and Group B, Group A showed that the skin temperature changes on right acupoint SP6 and SP10 increased significantly at 5 min–10 min interval. The skin temperature changes on left SP6 decreased at instant–5 min interval. The skin temperature changes on right SP10 decreased significantly at instant–5 min interval and 10 min–20 min interval. Thermogenic action along Spleen Meridian of Foot Greater Yin was manifested as simultaneous skin temperature increase on right SP6 and SP10 at 5 min–10 min interval after needling SP6, which was helpful to illustrate the relationship between the characteristic of Deqi and needle stimulations.

scholarly journals Lacticaseibacillus paracasei PS23 Effectively Modulates Gut Microbiota Composition and Improves Gastrointestinal Function in Aged SAMP8 Mice

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1116
Author(s):  
Li-Han Chen ◽  
Ming-Fu Wang ◽  
Chun-Chao Chang ◽  
Shih-Yi Huang ◽  
Chun-Hsu Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Saline Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Aged Mice ◽  
Intestine Length ◽  
Group A ◽  
Samp8 Mice ◽  
Group 1

Probiotics are reported to improve gastrointestinal (GI) function via regulating gut microbiota (GM). However, exactly how probiotics influence GM and GI function in elders is poorly characterized. Therefore, in this study, we assessed the effect of the probiotic Lacticaseibacillus paracasei PS23 (LPPS23) on the GM and GI function of aged mice. There were four groups of senescence-accelerated mouse prone-8 (SAMP8) mice (n = 4): a non-treated control group, a saline control group, a low dose LPPS23 group (1 × 108 colony-forming unit (CFU)/mouse/day), and a high dose LPPS23 group (1 × 109 CFU/mouse/day). Non-treated mice were euthanized at 16 weeks old, and others were euthanized at 28 weeks old. The next-generation sequencing results revealed that LPPS23 enriched Lactobacillus and Candidatus_Saccharimonas, while the abundance of Lachnospiraceae_UCG_001 decreased in aged mice given LPPS23. The abundance of Lactobacillus negatively correlated with the abundance of Erysipelotrichaceae. Moreover, LPPS23 improved the GI function of aged mice due to the longer intestine length, lower intestinal permeability, and higher phagocytosis in LPPS23-treated mice. The ELISA results showed that LPPS23 attenuated the alterations of pro-inflammatory factors and immunoglobulins. The abundance of LPPS23-enriched Lactobacillus was positively correlated with healthy GI function, while Lachnospiraceae_UCG_001, which was repressed by LPPS23, was negatively correlated with a healthy GI function in the aged mice according to Spearman’s correlation analysis. Taken together, LPPS23 can effectively modulate GM composition and improve GI function in aged SAMP8 mice.

scholarly journals ẢNH HƯỞNG CỦA CAO CHIẾT CỦ NÉN (Allium schoenoprasum) LÊN ĐÁP ỨNG MIỄN DỊCH PHÒNG BỆNH NEWCASTLE VÀ SINH TRƯỞNG Ở GÀ THỊT

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 2058-2064
Author(s):  
Phan Vũ Hải ◽  
Nguyễn Xuân Hòa
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Haemagglutination Inhibition ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Allium Schoenoprasum

Nghiên cứu này nhằm đánh giá ảnh hưởng của việc bổ sung cao chiết củ nén (CPN) vào trong nước uống đối với đáp ứng miễn dịch dịch thể chống lại virus Newcastle và năng suất sinh trưởng của gà thịt. Tổng số 180 gà trống Ri lai được úm cùng nhau đến 7 ngày tuổi. Sau khi được chủng vaccine Newcastle vào ngày 7, gà được phân bố ngẫu nhiên vào 04 nghiệm thức với 03 lần lặp lại. Gà ở các nghiệm thức T1, T2 và T3 được bổ sung 0,3, 0,5 và 0,7% CPN vào nước uống, liên tục từ ngày 7 đến ngày 42 tuổi và nghiệm thức đối chứng (ĐC - không sử dụng CPN). Vaccine Newcastle được tiêm lặp lại vào ngày 28. Hiệu giá kháng thể (GMT) trong huyết thanh chống lại bệnh Newcastle được xác định bằng cách sử dụng xét nghiệm ngăn trở ngưng kết hồng cầu (HI) lúc 21, 35 và 42 ngày tuổi. Kết quả cho thấy lượng ăn vào, tăng trọng, hệ số chuyển hóa thức ăn (FCR) và tỉ lệ chết khi kết thúc thí nghiệm không sai khác giữa 04 nghiệm thức. Tuy nhiên, hiệu giá kháng thể và tỷ lệ khối lượng cơ quan của hệ miễn dịch so với khối lượng cơ thể cao hơn (P<0,05) ở T2 và T3 so với đối chứng. Như vậy, việc bổ sung CPN trong nước uống không ảnh hưởng đến sinh trưởng; tuy nhiên, bổ sung CPN ở mức 0,5% và 0,7% đã làm tăng hiệu giá kháng thể dịch thể chống lại virus Newcastle ở gà thịt. ABSTRACT This study was conducted to investigate the effect of various levels of fresh chive’s bulb (Allium schoenoprasum) supplementation (CBE) in drinking water on immune status against Newcastle disease (ND) virus and productive performance of broiler chicken. A total of 180 Ri roosters were brooded at the same bath until 7 days  of age. After chickens had been vaccinated the Newcastle on day 7, they were randomly allocated into four treatments with 03 replicates as namely Control (no CBE), and T1, T2 and T3.  While a control group received no CBE, birds in groups T1, T2 and T3 received 0,3, 0,5 and 0,7 (w/v) CBE, respectively, continuously from day 7 to 42 years old. Newcastle vaccine was repeated on day 28. The geometric mean titer (GMT) against Newcastle disease virus was determined using the haemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay at 21, 35 and 42 days of age. The results showed that at the end of the experiment, the feed intake, average daily gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and overall mortality rate did not significantly differ among 04 treatments. Whereas, in general the antibody titer and the ratio of organ mass of the immune system to the body weight were significantly higher (P <0,05) in T2 and T3 than in the Control. Therefore, the supplementation of CBE in drinking water did not affect the growth performance. However, the supplement of 0,5% and 0,7% increased the antibody titre against Newcastle virus in broiler chicken.  

scholarly journals Impacts of Mycoplasma gallisepticum Vaccine on Newcastle Disease Vaccination and Protection in Parent Stock Flocks

1970 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-64
Author(s):  
M Rayhan Faruque ◽  
Jens P Christensen
Keyword(s):  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Haemagglutination Inhibition ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Mycoplasma Gallisepticum ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Group A ◽  
Parent Stock ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Group D

The present study reports on the impact of Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) vaccination on vaccine respond and subsequent protection against Newcastle disease (ND) in parent stock flocks of Department of Livestock Services (DLS) using MG killed vaccine and conventional ND vaccines. Birds were grouped into four groups, each consisted of 50 birds from the same flock. Group A birds were vaccinated with ND, group B with ND and MG, group C with MG, and group D birds were kept as unvaccinated control. The parameters studied included detection of ND antibody, MG seroprevalance, mortality (%), and cause of death. The sera of groups B and C were sero-positive after administration of MG vaccine. The haemagglutination-inhibition (HI) titres of group A were higher than group B from week 4 after administration of MG vaccine to the birds of group B. The mortality was very low; one bird of group C died at week 5 due to traumatic injury and another bird of group D died at week 2 due to infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). After challenge, birds of groups A and B showed no clinical signs and normal post mortem findings were found. Birds of groups C and D showed clinical signs from day 3 and different pathological lesions were found in post mortem. The MG vaccination did not improve other parameters. Therefore, inoculation of MG INAC vaccine is not justified and is too expensive at farm levels.Keywords: Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) vaccine, Newcastle disease (ND) vaccination, Protection, MortalityDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v24i1.1240   Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 24, Number 1, June 2007, pp 62-64 

scholarly journals Immunosuppressive Properties of Infectious Bronchitis Vaccine4/91 strain against different programs and method of vaccination against Newcastle disease in Broilers

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
A.H. Zahid
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis Virus ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Haemagglutination Inhibition ◽  
Challenge Test ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis ◽  
Spray Method ◽  
Significant Difference

Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) primarily induces a respiratory disease in broilerscausing important economic losses in poultry industry. The aim of this study was to investigatethe immunosuppressive properties of live IB vaccine on the different programs and method ofvaccination against Newcastle disease (ND) in broilers. A total of 125 one-day-old broilerchicks were assigned into five equal groups. At day one G1 and G2groupswere vaccinated witha live (ND, IB)vaccine by dipping the head in the vaccine and intra-cloacae methodrespectively. Afterward, G3and G4 groups were vaccinated with a live ND vaccine alone by thesame method of G1 and G2. At the same time all these4 groups were vaccinated bysubcutaneous injection (S/C) with inactivated oil based vaccine ND. The G5 group was leftwithout vaccination as a control group. After that, all treated groups were vaccinated with a liveND by spray method at day 10 of the age. The immunosuppressive effects of this IB virus wasevaluated by Haemagglutination inhibition test (HI), and challenged by virulent ND virus.Bursa and Spleen indices were estimated in all groups. The results showed that the antibodytiters against ND was higher (P<0.05) in G3and G4 in compared with G1, G2 and controlgroups at 20 and 30 days of age. However, there was no significant difference of bursa indexand spleen index in all groups. Challenge test showed no mortality in the 3rd group while 10%in the 4th group, 85% in the 1st group and 90% in the 2nd group. In conclusion, it’s revealed thatthe best method and program of vaccination which can protect against ND was applied in the3rd group.

scholarly journals L-alanyl-glutamine pretreatment attenuates acute inflammatory response in children submitted to palatoplasty

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 72-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Ferreira da Cunha Filho ◽  
Isabelle Ivo Gonçalves ◽  
Sergio Botelho Guimarães ◽  
Francisco Vagnaldo Fechine Jamacaru ◽  
José Huygens Parente Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Surgical Procedure ◽  
Infusion Pump ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Saline Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of L-alanyl-glutamine (L-Ala-Gln) pretreatment on oxidative stress, glycemic control and inflammatory response in children submitted to palatoplasty. METHODS: Thirty male children scheduled for routine palatoplasty, age range 2-10 years, were randomly assigned to 2 groups (n=15): Group A (saline, control) and Group B (L-Ala-Gln). Group A received normal saline 100 ml, delivered intravenously by infusion pump over 3 hours preceding surgical procedure. Group B was treated with L-Ala-Gln, 20% solution (0.5g/Kg), adding saline to complete 100ml. Peripheral venous blood samples were collected at 5 different time-points: T1- at the beginning of the study, 3 h prior to the surgical procedure; T2- at the end of the infusion (before the surgical procedure), T3- at the end of the surgical procedure, T4- 6 h postoperative and T5- 12 h postoperative. Parameters analyzed included glutathione (GSH), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), glucose, insulin, C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). RESULTS: No statistically significant differences were found between groups comparing glucose, insulin, TBARS, GSH and IL-6 levels. However, glucose levels increased (P <0.001) in T4 and T5 as compared to baseline (T1) in control group as opposed to L-Ala-Gln group. IL-6 increased in both groups during the postoperative period, indicating an increased inflammatory response. L-Ala-Gln pretreatment did not suppress the increase of IL-6, but reduced the increase of postoperative CRP levels (T5, p <0.01). CONCLUSION: Pretreatment with L-Ala-Gln in children submitted to palatoplasty attenuates the inflammatory response in early post-operative period and promoted a better glycemic control.

scholarly journals Immunological Effects of Glutamine Supplementation in Polytrauma Patients in Intensive Care Unit.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonella Cotoia ◽  
Leonarda Pia Cantatore ◽  
Renata Beck ◽  
Alessandra De Gregorio ◽  
Flavia Marchese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Glutamine Supplementation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cell Mediated Immunity ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Icu Patients ◽  
T Helper Lymphocytes ◽  
Suppressor Lymphocytes

Abstract Background In polytrauma intensive care unit (ICU) patients, glutamine (GLN) become a "conditionally essential" amino acid; its role has been extensively studied in numerous clinical trials but their results are inconclusive. We evaluated the IgA–mediated humoral immunity after GLN supplementation in polytrauma ICU patients. Results All consecutive patients with polytrauma who required mechanical ventilation and enteral nutrition (EN) provided within 24 hours since the admission in ICU at the University Hospital of Foggia from September 2016 to February 2017 were included. Thereafter, two groups were identified: patients treated by conventional EN (25 kcal/kg/die) and patients who have received conventional EN enriched with 50 mg/kg/ideal body weight of alanyl-GLN 20% intravenously. We analyzed plasmatic concentration of IgA, CD3+/CD4+ T Helper Lymphocytes, CD3+/CD8+ T suppressor Lymphocytes, CD3+/CD19+ B Lymphocytes, IL-4 and IL-2 at admission, at 4, 8 days. We identified 30 patients, with 15 subjects per group. IgA levels increased significantly in GLN vs control group at T0, T4 and T8.CD3+/CD4+ T helper lymphocytes and CD3+/CD8+ T suppressor lymphocytes levels significantly increased in GLN vs control group at T4 and T8. CD3+/CD19+ B lymphocytes levels increased significantly in GLN vs control group only at T8.IL-2 and IL-4 levels showed no significant differences when comparing GLN with control group. Conclusions Our study showed that there was an improvement in humoral and cell-mediated immunity with GLN supplementation in polytrauma ICU patients using recommended doses.

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