scholarly journals Chloropinane and Chloromenthene as Novel Solvents for Solubilisation of Natural Substances

Molbank ◽  
10.3390/m1205 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
pp. M1205
Author(s):  
Mohamed Touaibia ◽  
Anne-Sylvie Fabiano-Tixier ◽  
Farid Chemat
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Rosmarinic Acid ◽  
Natural Substances ◽  
Β Carotene ◽  
Better Than

Chloropinane and chloromenthene, synthesized from pinene and limonene, respectively, were compared with their non-halogenated analogs and n-hexane for their ability to solubilize natural products of interest such as β-carotenoids, vanillin, and rosmarinic acid. Chloropinane was six times more efficient than hexane for β-carotene solubilization. Chloromenthene was 15 times better than hexane. Vanillin was 20 times more soluble in chloropinane than in hexane. Chloropinane and chloromenthene were 3.5 and 2 times more efficient than hexane for rosmarinic acid solubilization. Obtained from pinene and limonene, two very abundant natural products, and even from their waste byproducts, chloropinane and chloromenthene can be an alternative to solvents from non-renewable resources.

scholarly journals Natural Coatings on Titanium Surfaces to Improve Their Biological Response

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Sara Ferraris ◽  
Enrica Verné ◽  
Gissur Örlygsson ◽  
Paulo Tambasco ◽  
Felipe Perraro Sehn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Biological Response ◽  
Aqueous Environment ◽  
Natural Substances ◽  
Ion Doping ◽  
Keratin Fibers ◽  
Scratch Tests ◽  
Titanium Substrates

Biomolecules and extracts from natural products are gaining increasing interest due to their beneficial properties for human health, low toxicity, environmental compatibility and sustainability. In this work, keratin, chitosan and peppermint essential oil have been used for the preparation of coatings on titanium substrates for biomedical implants/devices. All these coatings were obtained from local natural products/byproducts: keratin from discarded wool, chitosan from shrimp shells and peppermint essential oils from a local production. The above cited molecules were selected for their ability to stimulate soft tissue adhesion (keratin), anti-inflammatory activity (chitosan) and antibacterial activity (keratin after metal ion doping, chitosan and mint oil). The coatings were characterized by means of SEM-EDS, FTIR, zeta potential, wettability, tape and scratch tests, and cell and bacteria cultures. The coatings were successfully obtained for all the considered natural substances with good adhesion to the titanium substrates. All the coatings are chemically stable in water and the continuous coatings are mechanically resistant and protective for the metallic substrates. The keratin coatings are hydrophilic while the mint oil and chitosan coatings are hydrophobic; nanofibers, instead of continuous coatings, behave as more hydrophobic. At the physiological pH, the keratin and mint oil coatings are negatively charged when in contact with an aqueous environment, while the chitosan ones are positively charged. The oriented keratin fibers are able to drive fibroblast alignment. The Ag-doped keratin fibers and mint coating show antibacterial properties.

Behavioral Inhibition of the House Fly (Diptera: Muscidae) When Exposed to Commercial Equine Fly Repellents

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth V Tuorinsky ◽  
Erika T Machtinger
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Behavioral Inhibition ◽  
Control Method ◽  
House Fly ◽  
Synthetic Pyrethroids ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
House Flies ◽  
Fly Control ◽  
Horse Owners ◽  
Better Than

Abstract House flies can have negative consequences on the welfare of horses and other equids. Fly repellents in the form of on-animal sprays, wipes, or spot-ons are the most commonly used fly control method for horses. Many products are available, but repellent efficacy and duration of effectiveness may influence repellent choice by horse owners. A better understanding of the efficacy of common fly repellent products will help guide repellent selection to reduce fly pressure on horses. To evaluate commercially available repellents, house fly behavioral inhibition after application of three products marketed as natural (Ecovet, Equiderma, and Outsmart) and four with synthetic pyrethroids as active ingredients (Bronco, Endure, UltraShield, and Optiforce) was compared at 100, 50, and 25% concentration and at 15, 30, 60, 240, 1,440, and 2,880 min. Time and product were significant at all tested concentrations. The natural products performed as well as or better than the synthetic products at all dilutions and times. Ecovet in particular retained over 75% inhibition of flies for >1 d at the 100 and 50% concentrations. Differences were seen among products with pyrethroids, suggesting that formulation differences significantly affect efficacy. Cost and application suggestions are discussed, and these results will aid horse owners in selecting fly repellents to meet their individual needs.

scholarly journals Partial and Total Solvent-Free Limonene’s Hydrogenation: Metals, Supports, Pressure, and Water Effects

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Fanta J. Ndongou Moutombi ◽  
Anne-Sylvie Fabiano-Tixier ◽  
Olivier Clarisse ◽  
Farid Chemat ◽  
Mohamed Touaibia
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Rosmarinic Acid ◽  
Hydrogen Pressure ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Solvent Free ◽  
Partial Hydrogenation ◽  
Water Addition ◽  
Water Effects ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Better Than

Bio-based solvents menthene and menthane were obtained through limonene’s partial and total hydrogenation under various catalytic conditions. Heterogeneous catalysts based on different active metals and supports (carbon, alumina, and silica) were systematically tested for solvent-free total and partial hydrogenation of limonene under high and low hydrogen pressure. Influences of these catalysts on the formation of menthene, menthane, and cymene, a dehydrogenated product, were determined. The impact of water addition on the conversion and selectivity of the catalysts was also investigated. Amongst all tested catalysts, Rh/Alumina which was never tested for total and partial hydrogenation of limonene was the most effective as 1-menthene was quantitatively produced at low pressure (0.275 MPa) while menthane was mostly obtained at a higher pressure (2.75 MPa). Water addition on Rh/Alumina favoured menthene production even at high pressure. To propose menthane, menthene, and menthane/menthene mixture as an alternative to fossil-based solvents such as n-hexane for the extraction of natural products, β-carotene, vanillin, and rosmarinic acid solubilizations have been investigated. If a modeling approach using COSMO-RS software predicted a comparable solubilization of these 3 compounds for the 3 solvents, experimental assays revealed that menthene solubilizes β-carotene, vanillin, and rosmarinic acid three to five times better than n-hexane.

scholarly journals Fucoxanthin and Rosmarinic Acid Combination Has Anti-Inflammatory Effects through Regulation of NLRP3 Inflammasome in UVB-Exposed HaCaT Keratinocytes

Marine Drugs ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azahara Rodríguez-Luna ◽  
Javier Ávila-Román ◽  
Helena Oliveira ◽  
Virginia Motilva ◽  
Elena Talero
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Rosmarinic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Skin Inflammation ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Hacat Keratinocytes ◽  
Antioxidant Genes ◽  
Genes Expression ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Induced Apoptosis

Excessive exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation is the main risk factor to develop skin pathologies or cancer because it encourages oxidative condition and skin inflammation. In this sense, strategies for its prevention are currently being evaluated. Natural products such as carotenoids or polyphenols, which are abundant in the marine environment, have been used in the prevention of oxidative stress due to their demonstrated antioxidant activities. Nevertheless, the anti-inflammatory activity and its implication in photo-prevention have not been extensively studied. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the combination of fucoxanthin (FX) and rosmarinic acid (RA) on cell viability, apoptosis induction, inflammasome regulation, and anti-oxidative response activation in UVB-irradiated HaCaT keratinocytes. We demonstrated for the first time that the combination of FX and RA (5 µM RA plus 5 μM FX, designated as M2) improved antioxidant and anti-inflammatory profiles in comparison to compounds assayed individually, by reducing UVB-induced apoptosis and the consequent ROS production. Furthermore, the M2 combination modulated the inflammatory response through down-regulation of inflammasome components such as NLRP3, ASC, and Caspase-1, and the interleukin (IL)-1β production. In addition, Nrf2 and HO-1 antioxidant genes expression increased in UVB-exposed HaCaT cells pre-treated with M2. These results suggest that this combination of natural products exerts photo-protective effects by down-regulating NRLP3-inflammasome and increasing Nrf2 signalling pathway.

Effect of nutrient composition on the in vitro growth of urogenital lactobacilli and uropathogens

1998 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 866-871 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregor Reid ◽  
Foaud Soboh ◽  
Andrew W Bruce ◽  
Marc Mittelman
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Defined Medium ◽  
Nutrient Composition ◽  
Vaginal Fluid ◽  
Natural Substances ◽  
Uropathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Better Than

Previous clinical studies have shown that nutrients and probiotic agents can alter the composition of the vaginal flora. The present in vitro study has shown that uropathogens have a growth advantage over lactobacilli, but potentially there are natural substances that could be applied vaginally to stimulate lactobacilli growth to the detriment of the pathogens. When chemically defined medium representative of vaginal fluid at pH 5.5 was supplemented with skim milk, it acted as a better substrate for Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 than for uropathogenic bacteria and Candida albicans. Lactobacillus MRS medium, even at pH 4.5, supports the growth of pathogens, but when supplemented with ascorbic acid or EDTA, Lactobacillus growth was significantly higher. When L. rhamnosus GR-1 was coincubated in a combined nutrient composition of vitamins and lactose, it survived better than Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis. These in vitro results provide a basis for testing nutritional supplements to alter the urogenital flora in an attempt to enhance restoration and maintenance of a normal disease-free state.Key words: nutrients, lactobacilli, uropathogens, growth.

scholarly journals β-Cryptoxanthin from supplements or carotenoid-enhanced maize maintains liver vitamin A in Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) better than or equal to β-carotene supplements

2008 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 786-793 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Davis ◽  
Hua Jing ◽  
Julie A. Howe ◽  
Torbert Rocheford ◽  
Sherry A. Tanumihardjo
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Cottonseed Oil ◽  
Meriones Unguiculatus ◽  
Mongolian Gerbils ◽  
Institute Of Medicine ◽  
Retinyl Acetate ◽  
Provitamin A Carotenoids ◽  
And Control ◽  
Β Carotene ◽  
Better Than

Maize with enhanced provitamin A carotenoids (biofortified), accomplished through conventional plant breeding, maintains vitamin A (VA) status in Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus). Two studies in gerbils compared the VA value of β-cryptoxanthin with β-carotene. Study 1 (n 47) examined oil supplements and study 2 (n 46) used maize with enhanced β-cryptoxanthin and β-carotene. After 4 weeks' depletion, seven or six gerbils were killed; remaining gerbils were placed into weight-matched groups of 10. In study 1, daily supplements were cottonseed oil, and 35, 35 or 17·5 nmol VA (retinyl acetate), β-cryptoxanthin or β-carotene, respectively, for 3 weeks. In study 2, one group of gerbils was fed a 50 % biofortified maize diet which contained 2·9 nmol β-cryptoxanthin and 3·2 nmol β-carotene/g feed. Other groups were given equivalent β-carotene or VA supplements based on prior-day intake from the biofortified maize or oil only for 4 weeks. In study 1, liver retinol was higher in the VA (0·74 (sd 0·11) μmol) and β-cryptoxanthin (0·65 (sd 0·10) μmol) groups than in the β-carotene (0·49 (sd 0·13) μmol) and control (0·41 (sd 0·16) μmol) groups (P < 0·05). In study 2, the VA (1·17 (sd 0·19) μmol) and maize (0·71 (sd 0·18) μmol) groups had higher liver retinol than the control (0·42 (sd 0·16) μmol) group (P < 0·05), whereas the β-carotene (0·57 (sd 0·21) μmol) group did not. Bioconversion factors (i.e. 2·74 μg β-cryptoxanthin and 2·4 μg β-carotene equivalents in maize to 1 μg retinol) were lower than the Institute of Medicine values.

scholarly journals Terpene Research Is Providing New Inspiration for Scientists

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (18) ◽  
pp. 5480
Author(s):  
Pavel B. Drasar ◽  
Vladimir A. Khripach
Keyword(s):  
General Chemistry ◽  
Natural Products ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Medicinal Material ◽  
Chemistry Research ◽  
Current Special Issue ◽  
Terpene Derivatives

This current Special Issue of Molecules gathers selected communications on terpenes and terpene derivatives, clearly demonstrating the sustained interest in and importance of natural products in this field; fields connected to secondary metabolites; and renewable resources of plant and animal compounds for medicinal, material, supramolecular, and general chemistry research [...]

scholarly journals A possible role of ground-based microorganisms on cloud formation in the atmosphere

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 387-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Ekström ◽  
B. Nozière ◽  
M. Hultberg ◽  
T. Alsberg ◽  
J. Magnér ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Atmospheric Aerosols ◽  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Cloud Formation ◽  
Cloud Droplets ◽  
Natural Substances ◽  
Marine Site ◽  
Better Than

Abstract. The formation of clouds is an important process for the atmosphere, the hydrological cycle, and climate, but some aspects of it are not completely understood. In this work, we show that microorganisms might affect cloud formation without leaving the Earth's surface by releasing biological surfactants (or biosurfactants) in the environment, that make their way into atmospheric aerosols and could significantly enhance their activation into cloud droplets. In the first part of this work, the cloud-nucleating efficiency of standard biosurfactants was characterized and found to be better than that of any aerosol material studied so far, including inorganic salts. These results identify molecular structures that give organic compounds exceptional cloud-nucleating properties. In the second part, atmospheric aerosols were sampled at different locations: a temperate coastal site, a marine site, a temperate forest, and a tropical forest. Their surface tension was measured and found to be below 30 mN/m, the lowest reported for aerosols, to our knowledge. This very low surface tension was attributed to the presence of biosurfactants, the only natural substances able to reach to such low values. The presence of strong microbial surfactants in aerosols would be consistent with the organic fractions of exceptional cloud-nucleating efficiency recently found in aerosols, and with the correlations between algae bloom and cloud cover reported in the Southern Ocean. The results of this work also suggest that biosurfactants might be common in aerosols and thus of global relevance. If this is confirmed, a new role for microorganisms on the atmosphere and climate could be identified.

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