scholarly journals Preparation and Properties of Thermoplastic Polyurethane Composites Filled with Powdered Buckwheat Husks

Materials ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 356
Author(s):  
Marcin Włoch ◽  
Paulina Landowska
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Thermoplastic Polyurethane ◽  
Thermomechanical Properties ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Polyurethane Composites

Bio-based fillers for the polymer composites are still interesting from the scientific and industrial point of view, due to their low cost and renewable nature. In this work partially green composites were obtained by the mixing of thermoplastic poly(ester-urethane) with the unmodified and modified (by acetylation) grinded buckwheat husks. Obtained biocomposites were characterized in the terms of their chemical structure (FTIR), microstructure (SEM), thermal stability (TGA), thermomechanical properties (DMTA), and selected mechanical properties. The results showed that introduction of grinded buckwheat husks (even if the amount is 60 wt%) permit retaining high values of tensile strength (around 8–10 MPa), but the increasing amount of applied filler is connected with the decreasing of elongation at break. It can result from good interaction between the polymer matrix and the bio-based filler (confirmed by high values of polymer matrix-filler interaction parameter determined from Pukánszky’s model for the tensile strength of composites). The applied chemical treatment results in changing of mechanical properties of filler and composites. Obtained results confirmed the possibility of using powdered buckwheat husks as filler for thermoplastic polyurethane.

Tensile properties of the FFF-processed thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) elastomer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Budi Arifvianto ◽  
Teguh Nur Iman ◽  
Benidiktus Tulung Prayoga ◽  
Rini Dharmastiti ◽  
Urip Agus Salim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Thermoplastic Polyurethane ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
Raster Angle ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques

Abstract Fused filament fabrication (FFF) has become one of the most popular, practical, and low-cost additive manufacturing techniques for fabricating geometrically-complex thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) elastomer. However, there are still some uncertainties concerning the relationship between several operating parameters applied in this technique and the mechanical properties of the processed material. In this research, the influences of extruder temperature and raster orientation on the mechanical properties of the FFF-processed TPU elastomer were studied. A series of uniaxial tensile tests was carried out to determine tensile strength, strain, and elastic modulus of TPU elastomer that had been printed with various extruder temperatures, i.e., 190–230 °C, and raster angles, i.e., 0–90°. Thermal and chemical characterizations were also conducted to support the analysis in this research. The results obviously showed the ductile and elastic characteristics of the FFF-processed TPU, with specific tensile strength and strain that could reach up to 39 MPa and 600%, respectively. The failure mechanisms operating on the FFF-processed TPU and the result of stress analysis by using the developed Mohr’s circle are also discussed in this paper. In conclusion, the extrusion temperature of 200 °C and raster angle of 0° could be preferred to be applied in the FFF process to achieve high strength and ductile TPU elastomer.

The Effect of Mixed Chain Extender on the Hydrogen Bonding, Thermal and Mechanical Properties of TPUs

2020 ◽  
Vol 1001 ◽  
pp. 16-21
Author(s):  
Ju Jie Sun ◽  
Hai Rui Wang ◽  
Lan Cao ◽  
Tridib K. Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Hydrogen Bonding ◽  
Thermoplastic Polyurethane ◽  
Chain Extender ◽  
Mixing Ratio ◽  
Thermal And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Chain Extenders ◽  
Hard Block

Chain extender plays a significant role in enhancing the final mechanical properties of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPUs) derived from polytetra methylene etherglycol (PTMG) and 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI). In this research we focused on the effect that mixed chain extender of ethylene glycol (EG) and 1,4-butanediol (BDO) used has on the phase behavior and morphology of high hard block content TPUs. DSC, FTIR, and mechanical testing were mainly used to characterize the morphology and properties of the TPUs materials. Through this work we were able to show that mixed ratio of different chain extenders had dramatic effects on the properties of the TPUs. After mixing EG and BDO, the degree of hydrogen bonding, melting temperature, tensile strength, tear strength, and hardness of TPUs are all reduced, the glass transition temperature is increased. when the mixing ratio is 1: 1 , the elongation at break is increased to 672% . However, when the mixing ratio is n (EG): n (BDO) = 1: 2, the tensile strength is increased to 29.2 MPa, and the elongation at break is reduced to 353%.

The Effects of a Compatibilizer for Improving Mechanical Properties on Polymer Matrix Composites

2021 ◽  
Vol 877 ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Prathumrat Nuyang ◽  
Atiwat Wiriya-Amornchai ◽  
Watthanaphon Cheewawuttipong
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Polymer Matrix Composites ◽  
Fine Powder ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
The Impact

The effect of compatibilizer agent was studied when adding Aluminum fine powder (Al) to reinforce in Polypropylene (PP) by compared between polymer matrix composites (PMCs) and PMCs added Polypropylene graft maleic anhydride (PP-g-MAH).The average particle size of the aluminum fine powder was around 75 μm filled in polypropylene with different proportions of 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10wt%. PMCs were prepared using the internal mixer. The results found that when the amount of aluminum fine powder increased, the mechanical properties had changed, i.e., tensile strength, and Young’s Modulus increased, while the impact strength and elongation at break decreased. But, when adding compatibilizer 1wt% it was found that the trend of tensile strength, and Young’s Modulus increased that compared with non-compatibilizer, but the impact strength and elongation at break decreased. The part of the morphology of PMCs with non-compatibilizer was found that the particle of aluminum fine powder dispersed in the matrix phase, but there were many microvoids between filler and matrix. But, PMCs with compatibilizer caused the microvoids between filler and matrix to be reduced.

Effect of Aging in Acidic Condition on Mechanical Properties of Copper (II) Oxide Added LDPE Composites

2015 ◽  
Vol 786 ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
Tiam Ting Tee ◽  
Soo Tueen Bee ◽  
Tin Sin Lee ◽  
Chantara Thevy Ratnam ◽  
Haraveen Kaur Jogindar Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Loading Level ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Oxide Particles ◽  
Ldpe Composites

In this work, the effect of aging duration time and copper (II) oxide loading level on the physico-mechanical properties of copper (II) oxide added LDPE composites have been investigated. The addition of copper (II) oxide particles in LDPE matrix has significantly decreased the tensile strength of LDPE composites. The occurrence of copper (II) oxide particles in LDPE matrix could reduce the matrix continuities of copper (II) oxide added LDPE composites by the agglomeration of copper (II) oxide particles. This could further cause the applied straining stress unable to be effectively transferred throughout the whole polymer matrix. The increasing of aging time duration up to 8 days has slightly reduced the tensile strength of all copper (II) oxide added LDPE composites. The increasing of copper (II) oxide loading level has significantly decreased the elongation at break of LDPE composites. This is due to poor interfacial adhesion between copper (II) oxide particles and LDPE matrix could further restrict the mobility of LDPE chains under straining stress and thus decrease the elongation at break.

scholarly journals Thermo-Mechanical and Morphological Properties of Polymer Composites Reinforced by Natural Fibers Derived from Wet Blue Leather Wastes: A Comparative Study

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1837
Author(s):  
Alessandro Nanni ◽  
Mariafederica Parisi ◽  
Martino Colonna ◽  
Massimo Messori
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Thermoplastic Polyurethane ◽  
Young Modulus ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Matrix Adhesion ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Leather Wastes ◽  
Fiber Matrix

The present work investigated the possibility to use wet blue (WB) leather wastes as natural reinforcing fibers within different polymer matrices. After their preparation and characterization, WB fibers were melt-mixed at 10 wt.% with poly(lactic acid) (PLA), polyamide 12 (PA12), thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), and the obtained samples were subjected to rheological, thermal, thermo-mechanical, and viscoelastic analyses. In parallel, morphological properties such as fiber distribution and dispersion, fiber–matrix adhesion, and fiber exfoliation phenomena were analyzed through a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) to evaluate the relationship between the compounding process, mechanical responses, and morphological parameters. The PLA-based composite exhibited the best results since the Young modulus (+18%), tensile strength (+1.5%), impact (+10%), and creep (+5%) resistance were simultaneously enhanced by the addition of WB fibers, which were well dispersed and distributed in and significantly branched and interlocked with the polymer matrix. PA12- and TPU-based formulations showed a positive behavior (around +47% of the Young modulus and +40% of creep resistance) even if the not-optimal fiber–matrix adhesion and/or the poor de-fibration of WB slightly lowered the tensile strength and elongation at break. Finally, the TPE-based sample exhibited the worst performance because of the poor affinity between hydrophilic WB fibers and the hydrophobic polymer matrix.

scholarly journals The Structure and Mechanical Properties of Hemp Fibers-Reinforced Poly(ε-Caprolactone) Composites Modified by Electron Beam Irradiation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 5317
Author(s):  
Rafał Malinowski ◽  
Aneta Raszkowska-Kaczor ◽  
Krzysztof Moraczewski ◽  
Wojciech Głuszewski ◽  
Volodymyr Krasinskyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Electron Radiation ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Hemp Fibers

The need for the development of new biodegradable materials and modification of the properties the current ones possess has essentially increased in recent years. The aim of this study was the comparison of changes occurring in poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) due to its modification by high-energy electron beam derived from a linear electron accelerator, as well as the addition of natural fibers in the form of cut hemp fibers. Changes to the fibers structure in the obtained composites and the geometrical surface structure of sample fractures with the use of scanning electron microscopy were investigated. Moreover, the mechanical properties were examined, including tensile strength, elongation at break, flexural modulus and impact strength of the modified PCL. It was found that PCL, modified with hemp fibers and/or electron radiation, exhibited enhanced flexural modulus but the elongation at break and impact strength decreased. Depending on the electron radiation dose and the hemp fibers content, tensile strength decreased or increased. It was also found that hemp fibers caused greater changes to the mechanical properties of PCL than electron radiation. The prepared composites exhibited uniform distribution of the dispersed phase in the polymer matrix and adequate adhesion at the interface between the two components.

scholarly journals Effect of Moisture Content on the Processing and Mechanical Properties of a Biodegradable Polyester

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1616
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Titone ◽  
Antonio Correnti ◽  
Francesco Paolo La Mantia
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Mechanical Testing ◽  
Hydrolytic Degradation ◽  
Slight Reduction ◽  
Biodegradable Polyester ◽  
Molding Process ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Effect Of Moisture

This work is focused on the influence of moisture content on the processing and mechanical properties of a biodegradable polyester used for applications in injection molding. The pellets of the biodegradable polyester were exposed under different relative humidity conditions at a constant temperature before being compression molded. The compression-molded specimens were again placed under the above conditions before the mechanical testing. With all these samples, it is possible to determine the effect of moisture content on the processing and mechanical properties separately, as well as the combined effect of moisture content on the mechanical properties. The results obtained showed that the amount of absorbed water—both before processing and before mechanical testing—causes an increase in elongation at break and a slight reduction of the elastic modulus and tensile strength. These changes have been associated with possible hydrolytic degradation during the compression molding process and, in particular, with the plasticizing action of the moisture absorbed by the specimens.

Effect of Castor Oil Impregnation on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Bacterial Cellulose

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-26
Author(s):  
Myrtha Karina ◽  
Lucia Indrarti ◽  
Rike Yudianti ◽  
Indriyati
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrographs ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Acetone Water

The effect of castor oil on the physical and mechanical properties of bacterial cellulose is described. Bacterial cellulose (BC) was impregnated with 0.5–2% (w/v) castor oil (CO) in acetone–water, providing BCCO films. Scanning electron micrographs revealed that the castor oil penetrated the pores of the bacterial cellulose, resulting in a smoother morphology and enhanced hydrophilicity. Castor oil caused a slight change in crystallinity indices and resulted in reduced tensile strength and Young's modulus but increased elongation at break. A significant reduction in tensile strength and Young's modulus was achieved in BCCO films with 2% castor oil, and there was an improvement in elongation at break and hydrophilicity. Impregnation with castor oil, a biodegradable and safe plasticiser, resulted in less rigid and more ductile composites.

Graphite/Bio-Based Epoxy Composites: The Mechanical Properties Interface

2015 ◽  
Vol 799-800 ◽  
pp. 115-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anika Zafiah M. Rus ◽  
Nur Munirah Abdullah ◽  
M.F.L. Abdullah ◽  
M. Izzul Faiz Idris
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Filler Content ◽  
Weight Percent ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Graphite Content ◽  
Dispersion Condition ◽  
Strong Interfacial Bonding

Graphite reinforced bio-based epoxy composites with different particulate fractions of graphite were investigated for mechanical properties such as tensile strength, elastic modulus and elongation at break. The graphite content was varied from 5 wt.%, 10 wt.%, 15 wt.%, 20 wt.%, 25 wt.%, 30 wt.% by weight percent in the composites. The results showed that the mechanical properties of the composites mainly depend on dispersion condition of the treated graphite filler, aggregate structure and strong interfacial bonding between treated graphite in the bio-based epoxy matrix. The composites showed improved tensile strength and elastic modulus with increase treated graphite weight loading. This also revealed the composites with increasing filler content was decreasing the elongation at break.

scholarly journals Fabrication and Characterization of Electrospun Polycaprolactone Blended with Chitosan-Gelatin Complex Nanofibrous Mats

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongfang Qian ◽  
Zhen Zhang ◽  
Laijiu Zheng ◽  
Ruoyuan Song ◽  
Yuping Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Degree Of Crystallinity ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Nanofibrous Scaffolds ◽  
Two Peaks

Design and fabrication of nanofibrous scaffolds should mimic the native extracellular matrix. This study is aimed at investigating electrospinning of polycaprolactone (PCL) blended with chitosan-gelatin complex. The morphologies were observed from scanning electron microscope. As-spun blended mats had thinner fibers than pure PCL. X-ray diffraction was used to analyze the degree of crystallinity. The intensity at two peaks at 2θof 21° and 23.5° gradually decreased with the percentage of chitosan-gelatin complex increasing. Moreover, incorporation of the complex could obviously improve the hydrophilicity of as-spun blended mats. Mechanical properties of as-spun nanofibrous mats were also tested. The elongation at break of fibrous mats increased with the PCL content increasing and the ultimate tensile strength varied with different weight ratios. The as-spun mats had higher tensile strength when the weight ratio of PCL to CS-Gel was 75/25 compared to pure PCL. Both as-spun PCL scaffolds and PCL/CS-Gel scaffolds supported the proliferation of porcine iliac endothelial cells, and PCL/CS-Gel had better cell viability than pure PCL. Therefore, electrospun PCL/Chitosan-gelatin nanofibrous mats with weight ratio of 75/25 have better hydrophilicity mechanical properties, and cell proliferation and thus would be a promising candidate for tissue engineering scaffolds.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document