scholarly journals One Note for Fractionation and Increase for Mixed-Level Designs When the Levels Are Not Multiple

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (13) ◽  
pp. 1455
Author(s):  
Yaquelin Verenice Pantoja-Pacheco ◽  
Armando Javier Ríos-Lira ◽  
José Antonio Vázquez-López ◽  
José Alfredo Jiménez-García ◽  
Martha Laura Asato-España ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computational Cost ◽  
Specialized Software ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
Computer Equipment ◽  
Qualitative Factors ◽  
Traditional Construction

Mixed-level designs have a wide application in the fields of medicine, science, and agriculture, being very useful for experiments where there are both, quantitative, and qualitative factors. Traditional construction methods often make use of complex programing specialized software and powerful computer equipment. This article is focused on a subgroup of these designs in which none of the factor levels are multiples of each other, which we have called pure asymmetrical arrays. For this subgroup we present two algorithms of zero computational cost: the first with capacity to build fractions of a desired size; and the second, a strategy to increase these fractions with M additional new runs determined by the experimenter; this is an advantage over the folding methods presented in the literature in which at least half of the initial runs are required. In both algorithms, the constructed fractions are comparable to those showed in the literature as the best in terms of balance and orthogonality.

scholarly journals Prefabricated Futures: Adaptable and productive construction methods for New Zealand dwellings

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Mitchell Holden
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Package Design ◽  
Home Owner ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
Physical Scale ◽  
Scale Models ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Roof Panel ◽  
Traditional Construction

<p>The traditional construction method of the New Zealand home has remained largely unchanged over the last century. These housing solutions that have supported our nation no longer suffice and the ‘young home owner’ is becoming a distant dream. New Zealand needs homes, and fast. Specialised trades create fragmentation in construction. This results in inefficient processes that divide the stages of constructing a home. What lacks in these instances is accessibility to design. Architects tend to focus on one-off, bespoke builds, whilst transportable home companies create generic, minimum spec designs. It can be argued that current prefabricated solutions are not complete, requiring sub-trades and work onsite that causes delays and construction related setbacks.  Investigation into a key historic precedent has driven this research. This demonstrates that attempts have been made to change the housing model in New Zealand with some success. The precedent aligns with past notions in considering core parts of the home as products. This can create efficiencies in construction. The current demand for housing provides the perfect opportunity to reboot the method in which we build.  This thesis questions how offsite panel assemblies can create a complete prefabricated housing product and improve construction efficiencies. This will still offer architectural choice.  BIM (Building Information Modelling) and parameter driven design are used as a vehicle to demonstrate how more efficient, more collaborative and more controlled design approaches can be developed in order to create a complete construction package.  Design-led research involving constant scale model testing and development led to my prefabricated wall panel design. Named the LapLock panel, I have developed a complete wall, floor and roof panel product system. Designed to be fully fabricated from structure to claddings and services in factory. This produces ruthless efficiencies onsite. The work utilises BIM in the form of Revit and takes advantage of parameter driven families to allow for fast manipulation and output of drawings for panels. A constant conversation between analogue and digital tools (in the form of physical scale models and Revit) strengthened the understandings of the limitations throughout the research.  This thesis offers a new way of considering how New Zealand builds homes. By introducing adaptable and efficient panels that are complete on arrival to site, the Laplock solution provides accessible architectural choice to clients. This future-proofs the construction of the New Zealand home.</p>

scholarly journals Sustainable Concepts of Traditional Sanskrit Theatre:the Harippad Subrahmanya Swami Temple, Alleppy.

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4S2) ◽  
pp. 835-841
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Architectural Heritage ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Technical Innovations ◽  
Sustainable Conservation ◽  
Traditional Construction ◽  
The Temple

Traditionally built structures have withstood the onslaught of time and weather conditions for thousands of years due to their dexterity in construction and design. Their unique structures and designs have opened up a new genre of architectural discipline. Over the years, globalization and man’s quest for innovative designs and materials have revolutionized the conceptual and architectural practices, which have resulted in the gradual degradation and destruction. The paradigm shift has resulted in losing not only the traditional architectural heritage but also the sustainable practices associated with it. Therefore, it is time we developed new approaches with regard to the design and construction of Koothambalams. Such a step will indeed open up new grounds for technical innovations and critical appraisal of traditional practices and designs. There is a lot more technical knowhow involved in these structures than meets the eye. The paper is an attempt to explore the traditional architectural practices and sustainable concepts of the Koothambalam of Sree Subramanya temple theatre, Harippad, Alleppy. The Koothambalam not only depicts the tangible realization of age old architectural secrets, but also serves as a meeting place for the community to socialize and experience ancient performing artforms. Within the premise of the temple, there are numerous ancient structures of which Koothambalam is meant for performing cultural and traditional artforms. The proposed research involves an appraisal and listing of the best architectural practices used in the construction of the Koothambalam. Special attention is also given to verify the energy efficient parameters and their contributions to sustainability as laid down by GRIHA. The study will be instrumental in formulating new concepts for sustainable conservation and green concepts for reviving and maintain traditional construction methods which could eventually give rise to new cultural studio space for the contemporary society

scholarly journals Study on the Carbon Emissions in the Whole Construction Process of Prefabricated Floor Slab

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 2326
Author(s):  
Aisan Kong ◽  
Haibo Kang ◽  
Siyuan He ◽  
Na Li ◽  
Wei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
Floor Slab ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Traditional Construction ◽  
High Energy Consumption

The construction industry is characterized by high energy consumption and high carbon emissions. With growing concern about climate change, environmental protection is becoming increasingly important. In this paper, the whole construction process of prefabricated floor slab (PFS) is divided into three stages: production, transportation, and construction stages. Carbon emissions are calculated based on the life cycle assessment (LCA) method. A case study of PFS construction in Shaoxing city, China, was examined, and the calculation results were compared and evaluated with the traditional construction methods, which showed that in the production stage, carbon emissions increased due to mechanical operations during the prefabrication process. In the transportation stage, carbon emissions also increased due to the heavier prefabricated components during the transportation process. During the on-site construction stage, carbon emissions considerably decreased due to the lower hoisting frequency and less on-site pouring.

Sustainable Construction Technology Based on Building Modules

2014 ◽  
Vol 1041 ◽  
pp. 231-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mária Kozlovská ◽  
Pavol Kaleja ◽  
Zuzana Struková
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Method ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Construction Technology ◽  
Modular Construction ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
House Construction ◽  
Traditional Construction ◽  
Family House ◽  
Bearing Structure

The aim of the paper is to demonstrate the widely presented benefits of modular construction as compared with traditional construction method. A case study of family house construction by modular building method and traditional method is used to examine the structural, economic and time indicators of individual construction methods. The results are presented in tabular and graphical outputs and are compared each other in regard to different technological parts of the building. The paper provides the comparison of economic and time indicators resulting from budgets and time schedules of construction that are executed for different variants. Such comparison demonstrates exactly the benefits of modular construction. The building based on building modules consisted of steel bearing structure and enveloped by sandwich panels is adopted as the selected modular construction technology. The different variant, applied for comparison of modular and traditional construction, is represented by the building with comparable thermo-technical characteristics, constructed by traditional masonry method.

scholarly journals REQUIREMENTS FOR AXIS PROTECTION MECHANISMS WITHIN THE CLASS OF USE

2020 ◽  
pp. 40-49
Author(s):  
Alexey Bychkov ◽  
Yanina Shestak
Keyword(s):  
Operating System ◽  
Information System ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Software Safety ◽  
Specialized Software ◽  
Computer Equipment ◽  
Protection Mechanisms ◽  
General Purpose Computer ◽  
Closed Source ◽  
Working Out

One of the components of modern information systems is general-purpose computer equipment on which specialized software is installed or on which specialized software is working. This computer equipment requires a general-purpose operating system. To protect the information system it is necessary to protect all its links, including the operating system. In particular, in case of client-server technologies it is necessary to pay attention both to protection of server component and to protection of a client component. Protection of an operating system demands understanding, within what limits of what information system the OS will work, what working conditions and restrictions are imposed on the protected environment, what threats to the protected environment is required, what mechanisms is it possible to provide with protection of the environment necessary to us and what "price" of their application or nonapplication and other will be. Therefore, software safety should rely on a policy of safety of an operating system, expanding and specifying it and as much as possible. It is necessary to rely on safety mechanisms which are provided by an operating system or information system at software working out. This is necessary for unification and simplification of system of safety, simplification of its service, at the expense of reduction of quantity of the mechanisms created for the decision of the same problem. It is also necessary to apply typical and well-known components and standards, to avoid components with the closed source code as much as possible, or components which do not support, or incorrectly support typical standards.

scholarly journals Hotel Construction Management considering Sustainability Architecture and Environmental Issues

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Samireh Kadaei ◽  
Seyedeh Mahsa Shayesteh Sadeghian ◽  
Marziyeh Majidi ◽  
Qumars Asaee ◽  
Hassan Hosseini Mehr
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Sustainable Buildings ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
Integrated Environment ◽  
Traditional Construction ◽  
Development And Environment

Sustainable development and environment in the activities of the construction industry has attracted the attention of experts in most countries of the world. One of the obvious and problematic features of the construction industry of countries is the use of modern building materials using traditional construction methods. Changing the paradigm for sustainable buildings requires a change in the architectural design process. Today, smart buildings are buildings that are at a lower level in terms of energy consumption and operate in a dynamic and integrated environment, creating a perfect harmony between management, system, services, and structure. These qualities make plastics ideal products for construction and an essential component for a sustainable built environment. In the design of smart and sustainable buildings, the use of environmentally friendly materials increases the lifespan of the building and an effective step is taken towards the design of sustainable architecture. In this paper, we evaluate hotel construction based on sustainability issues with MCDM. The results show that alternative A4 is the best alternative in sustainable issues. With the increasing population and its concentration in large cities, the concern of energy supply and energy efficiency in buildings is one of the main concerns of urban planners, officials, and city residents. Construction projects mainly consume large amounts of materials and leave a huge amount of waste, and this problem sometimes includes existing buildings that cannot be demolished and need to be rebuilt and maintained.

scholarly journals The effect of loading direction on the compressive behaviour of a 3D printed cement-based material

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behzad Zahabizadeh ◽  
Vítor M. C. F. Cunha ◽  
João Pereira ◽  
Cláudia Gonçalves
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Compressive Behaviour ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Interfacial Behaviour ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques ◽  
Traditional Construction ◽  
Wet Extrusion ◽  
Extrusion Method

<p>Nowadays, additive manufacturing is being widely employed in several areas and is starting to be considered for the construction sector amongst the digital construction trend. The advantages that the additive manufacturing techniques can bring over the traditional construction methods are propelling multiple research projects within the field of 3D concrete printing. Technologies used for printing, material compositions and their rheological and mechanical properties are some of the research areas on 3D concrete printing. In this work, it is used a wet extrusion method for printing a cement-based mortar mixture. The compressive behaviour of printed specimens was evaluated based on the direction of loading. The results showed that with a proper printing process and rheological properties, in the case of the current mid-strength matrix, the effect of the layers interfacial behaviour on the compressive behaviour of printed specimens was reduced.</p>

High Performance Thin-Bed Dry-Mix Mortar for Autoclaved Aerated Concrete Blocks

2011 ◽  
Vol 250-253 ◽  
pp. 540-547
Author(s):  
Zhao Ming Huang ◽  
Yu Fei Yuan ◽  
Zi Yun Wen
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
High Water ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
Concrete Blocks ◽  
Mixed Mortar ◽  
Aerated Concrete ◽  
Traditional Construction ◽  
Plaster Layer

At present, masonry and plaster of AAC blocks are still carried out by traditional construction methods which often lead to some quality defects such as cracking and leaking in the wall and hollowing and spalling in the plaster layer, etc. and hinder greatly the popularization and application of AAC blocks. On the basis of the characteristics of AAC blocks and the dry masonry thin-bed mortar, a kind of high performance dry-mixed Mortar for dry masonry process of AAC blocks was developed. The mortar has excellent workability, high water-retention, property, good mechanical properties and good construction properties. It solves the problems caused by traditional construction methods. The mechanism for these is discussed.

Build or Print

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiril Stoyanov ◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
The Past ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
Traditional Construction ◽  
Cologne Cathedral ◽  
Dimensional Printing ◽  
People Today

Some of the most impressive architectural masterpieces of the past, such as the Cologne Cathedral or the Cathedral in Milan, have taken several centuries for their creation and have involved thousands of people. Today, a glossy office building in Dubai has been built or rather printed in just 17 days, with 29 workers involved. Three-dimensional printing has been identified as the Fourth Industrial Revolution and is increasingly replacing traditional construction methods. There is no doubt that 3D printing will affect the design and production of buildings. Does the fact that 3D printing can be used means that it should replace analog with digital construction?

Incremental Launching Construction Method for Steel Truss Suspension Bridge

2011 ◽  
Vol 204-210 ◽  
pp. 842-845
Author(s):  
Kai Ming Xu
Keyword(s):  
Suspension Bridge ◽  
Linear Analysis ◽  
Construction Method ◽  
Western China ◽  
Suspension Bridges ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
Steel Truss ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Traditional Construction

For steel truss suspension bridges, traditional construction methods always have their disadvantages. This paper firstly points out the limitations of the traditional construction methods (such as the erection gantry method and the deck crane method). As the solutions, incremental launching method is proposed. Then, as an example based on a certain suspension bridge in Western China, non-linear analysis is carried out in order to illuminate how to decide the important parameters in practical application. Some further problems are discussed at the end.

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