scholarly journals Lipid Indexes and Quality Evaluation of Omega-3 Rich Oil from the Waste of Japanese Spanish Mackerel Extracted by Supercritical CO2

Marine Drugs ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Vikash Chandra Roy ◽  
Jin-Seok Park ◽  
Truc Cong Ho ◽  
Byung-Soo Chun

Japanese Spanish mackerel (JSM) (Scomberomorus niphonius) is a marine fish species containing health-beneficial polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). In the present study, the quality of JSM by-products oils extracted by supercritical CO2 (SC-CO2) and organic solvent extraction was compared in terms of physico-chemical properties of the oils. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) is one of the important polyunsaturated fatty acids present in SC-CO2-extracted skin and muscle oil 5.81 ± 0.69% and 4.93 ± 0.06%, respectively. The amount of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in SC-CO2-extracted skin and muscle oil was 12.56 ± 0.38% and 15.01 ± 0.28%, respectively. EPA and DHA are considered as important PUFAs for the development of brain function and the prevention of coronary heart diseases. Extracted oils showed considerable antioxidant activity. In the obtained oils, atherogenic index (AI) values varied from 0.72 to 0.93 and thrombogenic index (TI) ranged from 0.75 to 0.92, which is considered an acceptable level. Fatty acid composition, bio potentiality, thermogravimetric, and vitamin D analysis showed that oils extracted from JSM by-products can be a good source of oil for application in food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Therefore, the present research revealed the potentiality of green valorisation of S. niphonius by-products as a possible sustainable approach for targeting the era of zero waste.

2014 ◽  
Vol 1044-1045 ◽  
pp. 444-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thitiphan Chimsook

Nowadays, an awareness of health benefits of omega-3 has been found. Polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially DHA, are more attention due to their role in human health. Hence, this study investigated the potential of by-products as freshwater fish source of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 PUFAs). The by-products of processing accounted for approximately 55% of the catfish industry. Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) of the by-products at 35 MPa, 40 ◦C, ethanol (95%, v/v) as the co-solvent, and the mass ratio of by-products to co-solvent as 1:1 generated a lipid yield at 30.9% and 21.5 % docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Additionally, urea complexation was an effective tool to enrich and purify DHA from lipids. DHA purity increased from 21.5% to 38.4% under the optimum complexation condition.


Author(s):  
Paola Antonia Corsetto ◽  
Irma Colombo ◽  
Joanna Kopecka ◽  
Angela Maria Rizzo ◽  
Chiara Riganti

The efficacy of chemotherapy depends on sensitivity and intrinsic or acquired drug resistance of cancer cells. The n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LCPUFAs) are considered chemosensitizing agents and revertants of multidrug resistance by pleiotropic mechanisms. The specific mechanisms are not fully understood, but nowadays, it is widely accepted that there are a complex network of mechanisms, including alteration in gene expression, modulation of cellular proliferation and differentiation, induction of apoptosis, generation of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation. A crucial mechanism in the control of cell drug uptake and efflux is related to n-3 LCPUFA influence on membrane lipid composition. The incorporation of docosahexaenoic acid in the lipid rafts produces significant changes in their physical-chemical properties affecting content and functions of transmembrane proteins, such as growth factors, receptors and ATP-binding cassette transporters. Of note, n-3 LCPUFAs often impact on the lipid compositions more in chemoresistant cells than in chemosensitive cells, suggesting their adjuvant role in cancer treatment.


2021 ◽  
Vol 247 ◽  
pp. 01031
Author(s):  
Irina Khamagaeva ◽  
Natalya Zambalova ◽  
Aleksandra Tsyzhipova ◽  
Aleksey Bubeev ◽  
Olga Bogdanova

For the first time, we have studied the influence of polyunsaturated fatty acids on cholesterol metabolizing activity of bifidobacteria. High levels of destruction of cholesterol in the process of cultivation of strain Bifidobacterium Longum DK 100 was noted. Based on the results, the technology of probiotic dietary supplements (DS), enriched with polyunsaturated fatty acids, has been developed. The paper reveals that the introduction of probiotic DS leads to a twofold reduction in total cholesterol in the experimental groups in comparison with the control one, which indicates high effectiveness of DS. It has been observed that against the background of the atherogenic diet, the employment of probiotic DS is accompanied by a significant reduction in triglyceride levels by 37% and 45% in the "linen" and "cedar" groups, respectively, compared to the control group of animals. It has been established that in the blood serum of animals of experimental groups, the level of high-density lipoproteins increases by 45% in "linen" and 40% in "cedar" groups, while low-density lipoproteins decreased by 19% and 23% respectively. With the introduction of probiotic DS with linseed oil, the atherogenic index decreases by 83%, and with the cedar one by 86%. The results confirm the hypocholesterinemic effect of DS during cholesterol loading.


2002 ◽  
Vol 2002 ◽  
pp. 11-11
Author(s):  
S. Chikunya ◽  
L. A. Sinclair ◽  
R. G. Wilkinson

The health benefits of n -3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) to humans are now widely recognised. Polyunsaturated fatty acids of the n -3 series such as a-linolenic acid (C18:3n -3), eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5n -3; EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6n -3; DHA) reduce the risk of coronary heart diseases (Department of Health, 1994). CLA has a diverse array of potential beneficial health effects which include anticarcinogenesis, antiatherogenesis, immune system modulation, antidiabetic effects and reduction of body fat accretion (Bessa et al., 2000). However, the consumption of both n -3 PUFA and CLA by humans is currently less than optimal. The current study investigates the extent to which n -3 PUFA and CLA in milk fat of lactating ewes may be enhanced by feeding diets rich in EPA and DHA.


2019 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 65-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Melgosa ◽  
María Teresa Sanz ◽  
Óscar Benito-Román ◽  
Alba Esther Illera ◽  
Sagrario Beltrán

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-106
Author(s):  
Agnieszka M. Piróg-Balcerzak ◽  
Anna K. Bażyńska ◽  
Katarzyna Biernacka ◽  
Joanna Brągoszewska ◽  
Lidia Popek ◽  
...  

Objective. Omega–3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were tested in adolescent depression and in several neurodevelopmental disorders with partial success. Anorexia nervosa (AN) is characterised by deficiencies in fatty food intake and frequent comorbidity, including depressive and cognitive symptoms. Thus supplementation with PUFAs may be beneficial in this group of patients. The aim of the study was to assess whether PUFAs as an add-on treatment is associated with better improvement of body mass index (BMI) and psychopathological symptoms than placebo in patients with AN. Method. 61 female adolescent inpatients with AN were randomly allocated to omega–3 PUFAs supplementation or placebo for 10 weeks. Patients also participated in the behavioural programme and eclectic psychotherapy (treatment as usual, TAU). At baseline and follow-up visits, patients’ BMI and psychopathology were assessed with Clinical Global Impression Scale (CGI), Patient Global Impression Scale (PGI), and Eating Attitude Test (EAT-26). Results. After 10 weeks, both groups showed improvement in all parameters. Improvement in CGI scores was observed greater in placebo vs. PUFA-s group (p = 0.015) while other differences were not statistically significant. Omega–3 PUFAs supplementation appears not to be effective as an add-on treatment in inpatient adolescent girls with anorexia nervosa. Conclusions. The results should be analysed with caution due to small sample size and heterogeneity in TAU. As the TAU turned out to be highly effective, additional therapeutic effect of PUFA might not be visible. Nevertheless, that does not explain the tendency for better improvement in the placebo group.


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