scholarly journals Awareness, Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Teledentistry among Dental Practitioners during COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Medicina ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 130
Author(s):  
Galvin Sim Siang Lin ◽  
Sze Hui Koh ◽  
Karyn Zuhuan Ter ◽  
Chia Wei Lim ◽  
Sharmin Sultana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Systemic Review ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Dental Practitioners ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice ◽  
Poor Practice

Background and Objectives: This systemic review aims to appraise and analyse the awareness, knowledge, attitude, and practice of teledentistry among dental practitioners during COVID-19. Materials and Methods: This review was registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42021283404). Cross-sectional articles on dental practitioners’ perceptions towards teledentistry published between March 2020 and September 2021 were searched in ten online databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Cochrane, EMBASE, SIGLE, EBSCO, LILACS, and Open Grey). The Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tool was employed to analyse the risk of bias (RoB) of each article, whereas the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine recommendation tool was used to evaluate the level of evidence. Data were analysed using the DerSimonian–Laird random effect model based on a single-arm approach. Results: Six studies were included and demonstrated Level 3 evidence. A single-arm meta-analysis revealed that dental practitioners had a high level of awareness (70.4%) and attitude (72.5%) towards teledentistry during the COVID-19 pandemic, but their knowledge level (57.9%) was moderate with a poor practice level (35.8%). A substantial heterogeneity was observed with the overall I2 ranging from 90.78% to 98.21%. Furthermore, meta-regression indicated that the sample size of each study had a significant (p < 0.05) impact on the degree of data heterogeneity. Conclusions: Despite their high degree of awareness and attitude, dental practitioners demonstrated moderate knowledge and relatively poor practice of teledentistry during the COVID-19 pandemic. More well-designed studies are warranted to investigate the alternatives for enhancing dental practitioners’ knowledge and practice of teledentistry interventions.

scholarly journals Non-prescription dispensing of antibiotic agents among community drug retail outlets in Sub-Saharan African countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sewunet Admasu Belachew ◽  
Lisa Hall ◽  
Linda A. Selvey
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Acute Diarrhoea ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Retail Outlets ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Ssa Countries

Abstract Background The development of antimicrobial resistance, which is partially attributable to the overuse and/or misuse of antibiotics in health care, is one of the greatest global public health challenges. In Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries, non-prescribed dispensing of antibiotics in community drug retail outlets (CDROs) has been flagged as one of the contributing factors for the widespread misuse of antibiotics in the community. Objective The current review aimed to estimate the proportion of non-prescription antibiotics requests or consultations that resulted in provision of antibiotics without a valid prescription among CDROs in SSA region, and describe the type of antibiotics dispensed. Methods A literature search was conducted using PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus and Google Scholar. We also searched reference lists of relevant articles. Random effect model meta-analysis was employed to determine the pooled proportion of over the counter sale of antibiotics. Subgroup and meta-regression was undertaken to explore the potential cause of heterogeneity in effect size across studies. Results Of 671 total citations retrieved, 23 met the inclusion criteria (seven cross-sectional questionnaire-based surveys and 16 cross-sectional client-based studies). The overall pooled proportion of non-prescription antibiotics requests or consultations that resulted in supply of antibiotics without prescription was 69% (95% CI 58–80). Upper respiratory tract infections and/or acute diarrhoea were the most frequently presented case scenarios, and amoxicillin and co-trimoxazole were the most frequently dispensed antibiotics to treat those symptoms. Conclusions Non-prescribed dispensing of antibiotics was found to be a common practice among CDROs in several SSA countries. Ease of access to and overuse of antibiotics can potentially accelerate the emergence of resistance to antibiotics available in the region. Our review highlights the need for a stringent enforcement of existing policies and/or enacting new regulatory frameworks that would regulate antibiotic supply, and training and educational support for pharmacy personnel (e.g. pharmacists, pharmacy assistants) regarding judicious use of antibiotics and the importance of antimicrobial stewardship.

Association Between Prediabetes and Retinopathy: A Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (12) ◽  
pp. 801-809
Author(s):  
Ji Jin ◽  
Peirong Lu
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Study Heterogeneity ◽  
Study Characteristics

AbstractDiabetes confers an increased risk of microvascular complications, including retinopathy. However, whether prediabetes is also related to retinopathy has not been comprehensively examined. We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the relationship between prediabetes and retinopathy. This meta-analysis included relevant observational studies from Medline, Embase, and Web of Science databases. A random-effect model after incorporation of the intra-study heterogeneity was selected to pool the results. Subgroup analyses were applied to evaluate the influences of study characteristics on relationship. Nine cross-sectional studies including 14 751 community dwelling adult participants were included; 3847 (26.1%) of them were prediabetic. Results showed that prediabetes was associated with a higher prevalence of retinopathy compared to normoglycemia [odds ratio (OR): 1.55, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.10–2.20, p=0.01, I2=34%]. Sensitivity analysis by excluding one study at a time showed consistent result (OR: 1.35 to 1.73, p all<0.05). Subgroup analysis showed study characteristics such as definition of prediabetes, country of study, sample size, mean age of participants, or univariate or multivariate analyses may not significantly affect the association (p for subgroup difference all>0.05). Current evidence suggests that patients with prediabetes may be associated with higher prevalence of retinopathy as compared to those with normoglycemia. Although prospective cohort studies are needed to validate these findings, results of our meta-analysis highlighted the importance of early prevention of retinopathy in patients with prediabetes.

scholarly journals PREVALENCE OF INJURIES IN BRAZILIAN RECREATIONAL STREET RUNNERS: META-ANALYSIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wyngrid Porfirio Borel ◽  
José Elias Filho ◽  
Juliano Bergamaschine Mata Diz ◽  
Poliana Fernandes Moreira ◽  
Priscila Monteiro Veras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Knee Injuries ◽  
Muscle Injuries ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Meta Regression Analysis ◽  
Type Of Injury

ABSTRACT Street running is an accessible, low-cost form of exercise. However, the occurrence of musculoskeletal injuries may hinder regular practice. This study aimed at estimating the prevalence of injuries in Brazilian street runners and the associated factors. A meta-analysis of Brazilian studies was performed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of injuries in male and female recreational street runners aged ≥18 years. We excluded systematic review studies, research conducted on professional athletes or triathletes, and duplicate articles. The following databases were used: SciELO, LILACS, PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Keywords such as “prevalence,” “injury,” “recreational street runners,” and “Brazil” were used. Prevalence analysis was performed using the random effect model, and a funnel plot was used to assess publication bias. Then the Begg-Mazumdar and Egger tests were applied to quantify the graph results. The Prevalence Critical Appraisal Instrument was used to evaluate the methodological quality of the studies. Associated factors were analyzed with meta-regression analysis. Twenty-three studies with 3,786 runners were included in the review. The prevalence of injury was 36.5% (95% confidence interval [CI] 30.8-42.5%), and a running distance per week greater than 20 km was a predictive variable of injuries. A higher prevalence of injuries was observed in men than in women (28.3%, 95% CI 22.5-35.0%), the knee was the most affected site of injury (32.9%, 95% CI 26.7-39.6%), and muscle injuries were the most frequent type of injury (27.9%, 95% CI 18.2-40.1%). This is the first national meta-analysis conducted to investigate the prevalence of injuries in recreational street runners. Although the prevalence of injuries was moderate, caution is required in terms of the weekly duration of running. Male runners are more susceptible, and muscle and knee injuries are the most common. Level of evidence II, Systematic reviewb of Level II Studies.

scholarly journals Effect of HIV Infection on Mortality in Patients with Tuberculosis in Asia: A Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liza Laela Abida ◽  
◽  
Bhisma Murti ◽  
Hanung Prasetya ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
Hiv Mortality ◽  
Keywords Hiv

ABSTRACT Background: TB/HIV coinfectioned remains the leading cause of mortality among people living with HIV (PLHIV). The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of HIV infection on mortality in patients with tuberculosis in Asia. Subjects and Method: This was meta-analysis and systematic review. The study was conducted by collecting published studies from Google Scholar, PubMed, Springer Link, Hindawi, Clinical Key, and ProQuest databases, from 2010 to 2020. Keywords used “HIV” AND “mortality” OR “HIV Mortality” OR “Tuberculosis Mortality” AND “cross sectional” AND “adjusted odd ratio”. The inclusion criteria were full text, using English or Indonesian language, using cross-sectional study design, and reporting adjusted odds ratio. The articles were selected by PRISMA flow chart. The quantitative data were analyzed using random effect model run on Review Manager 5.3. Results: 5 studies in Asia (Thailand, China, Malaysia, and Oman) were included for this study. Meta analysis study reported that HIV elevated the risk of mortality in patients with tuberculosis (aOR= 3.45; 95% CI= 1.14 to 10.45; p = 0.030). Conclusion: HIV elevates the risk of mortality in patients with tuberculosis. Keywords: HIV, mortality, Tuberculosis Correspondence: Liza Laela Abida. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: 085640115633. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.01.52

scholarly journals Effect of Secondary Education on Exclusive Breastfeeding: Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferda Fibi Tyas Nurkholifa ◽  
◽  
Eti Poncorini Pamungkasari ◽  
Hanung Prasetya ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Education ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Or Education ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Central Java

ABSTRACT Background: Many studies reported the importance of exclusive breastfeeding for infants. However, there are many obstacles faced by lactating mothers to provide exclusive breastfeeding for their children. This study aimed to investigate the effect of secondary education on exclusive breastfeeding using a meta-analysis. Subjects and Method: Meta-analysis and systematic review were conducted by collecting articles from PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases. Keywords used exclusive breastfeeding” AND “secondary education” OR “education for breastfeeding” AND “cross sectional” AND “adjusted odd ratio”. The study population was postpartum mothers. Intervention was secondary education with comparison primary education. The study outcome was exclusive breastfeeding. The inclusion criteria were full text, using English or Indonesian language, and reporting adjusted odds ratio. The articles were selected by PRISMA flow chart. The quantitative data were analyzed using random effect model run on Revman 5.3. Results: 7 studies from Peru, China, Nigeria, Korea, Ireland, Sub-Sahara, and South Australia were met the inclusion criteria. There was high heterogeneity between groups (I2= 94%; p<0.001). This study reported that secondary education reduced exclusive breastfeeding, but it was statistically non-significant (aOR= 0.86; 95% CI= 0.60 to 1.24; p= 0.430). Conclusion: Secondary education reduced exclusive breastfeeding, but it was statistically non-significant. Keywords: exclusive breastfeeding, secondary education, postpartum Correspondence: Ferda Fibi Tyas Nurkholifa. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6285655778863. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.131

scholarly journals Regional and chronological differences in prevalences of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction in coronavirus disease (COVID-19): a systemic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeong-Whun Kim ◽  
Seung Cheol Han ◽  
Hyung Dong Jo ◽  
Sung-Woo Cho ◽  
Jin Youp Kim
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Olfactory Dysfunction ◽  
Systemic Review ◽  
Effect Model ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Subgroup Analyses

Abstract Olfactory and gustatory dysfunction are frequently reported in patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19). However, the reported prevalence of olfactory and/or gustatory dysfunction varies widely, and the reason for the inter-study differences is unclear. Hence, in this meta-analysis, we performed subgroup analyses to investigate the factors that contribute to the inter-study variability in the prevalence of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction. Out of 943 citations, we included 55 eligible studies with 13,527 patients with COVID-19 for a systematic review. The overall pooled prevalences of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction were 51.4% and 47.5%, respectively, in the random-effect model. In subgroup analyses, the prevalences of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction were significantly different among four geographical regions (both P < 0.001, respectively). Although the prevalences of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction did not significantly differ according to the time of enrollment, the subgroup analyses including only studies from the same geographical region (Europe) revealed a significant difference in olfactory dysfunction according to the time of enrollment. The regional and chronological differences in the prevalences of olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions partly explain the wide inter-study variability.

APPRAISING OF KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE AMONG DENTAL PRACTITIONERS REGARDING ROLE OF PHYSIOTHERAPY IN TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT DISORDERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
Arsalan Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Masticatory Muscles ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dental Clinics ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Dental Practitioners ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

OBJECTIVES The aim is to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of dental practitioners concerning physiotherapy management of Temporomandibular joint dysfunctions (TMDs.). METHOD 61 dentists were included from Tertiary, secondary and private dental clinics of Karachi, and the study design was cross sectional. RESULTS Prior to survey 45.9% of did not had knowledge about physical therapy management TMD. Maxillofacial surgeons and master’s degree holders had more knowledge about physical therapy (PT) management. 45.9% dentists reported that PT is non-effective treatment approach. Lack of knowledge on dentist’s behalf is the foremost cause of less referral to PT 88.5%. Jaw exercises were prescribed by 83.6% of dentists. In the end of the survey 52.5% dentists were reluctant to refer, 47.5% were maybe they will refer and 96.7% dentists were eager to gain more knowledge about the benefits of PT and collaborative treatment. CONCLUSIONS This study concluded that the dental practitioners of Karachi lack knowledge, attitude and practice regarding physiotherapy treatment of TMD. The benefits of multidisciplinary approach while treating TMDs were not very well known to dental practitioners and its benefits to patients. This study increased the knowledge of surveyed practitioners KEYWORDS Dentistry, Masticatory Muscles, Temporomandibular Joint Disorders, Orthodontics, Temporomandibular Joint, Manipulation

Obesity and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: A Meta-Analysis Study in Asia and America

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfiani Vivi Sutanto ◽  
◽  
Hanung Prasetya ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Central Java

ABSTRACT Background: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common disorder with a prevalence of 20% in the United States and less than 5% in Asia. Untreated, GERD can result in a symptomatic burden to the patient, poor health-related quality of life, complications, such as esophageal stricture, Barrett’s esophagus, and esophageal adenocarcinoma, and a high direct and indirect cost to the healthcare system. Various pathophysiological mechanisms have been identified to explain the relationship between obesity and GERD, including a high prevalence of hiatal hernia and increased gastroesophageal pressure gradient. This study aimed to examine the association between obesity and GERD in Asia and America. Subjects and Method: This was meta-analysis and systematic review. The study was conducted by collecting articles from PubMed, Google Scholar, BMC Journals, Science Direct, Mendeley, and clinical key databases. Keywords used “Obesity” OR “HMI” AND “Gastroesophageal reflux disease” OR “GERD” AND “Effect obesity for GERD” AND “aOR”. The inclusion criteria were full text, using cross-sectional study design, and reporting adjusted odds ratio. The study population was adults who experienced GERD. Intervention was obesity. The study outcome was gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The articles were selected using PRISMA flow chart. The quantitative data were analyzed using random effect model run on Revman 5.3. Results: 5 studies were analyzed and reviewed for this study. Current study reported that obesity increased the risk of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) (aOR= 2.04; 95% CI=1.42 to 2.92; p= 0.001). Conclusion: Obesity increases the risk of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Keywords: obesity, gastroesophageal reflux disease Correspondence: Alfiani Vivi Sutanto. Masters Program in Public Health. Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: 085799253568. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.05.50

scholarly journals A meta-analysis of copper level and risk of preeclampsia: evidence from 12 publications

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuqin Fan ◽  
Yan Kang ◽  
Min Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Asian Population ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Copper Level ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthy Pregnancy ◽  
Risk Of Preeclampsia

The association between copper level and risk of preeclampsia (PE) has produced inconsistent results. Thus, a meta-analysis was conducted to summarize the evidence from epidemiological studies for copper level and PE risk. Pertinent studies were identified by a search of PubMed and Web of Knowledge up to April 2016. Standardized mean difference (SMD) was performed to combine the results. Random-effect model (REM) was used. Publication bias was estimated using Egger's regression asymmetry test. Twelve articles (10 case–control studies and 2 cross-sectional studies) involving 442 PE cases and 463 health controls were included in this meta-analysis. Our pooled results suggested that PE patients had a higher copper level compared with healthy pregnancy controls [summary SMD=0.69, 95% CI: 0.54–0.84, I2=96.7%; P<0.001]. The association was also significant in Asian population [SMD=0.73, 95% CI=0.57–0.90, I2=97.3%] and European populations [SMD=0.50, 95% CI=0.14–0.86, I2=58.9%]. After conducting the subgroup analysis and sensitive analysis, the results showed consistent significant association with the one based on all studies. No publication biases were found. Our analysis indicated that plasma or serum copper level in PE patients was significantly higher than that in healthy pregnancy women.

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