scholarly journals Seroprevalence of the Serological Markers of Transfusion-Transmissible Infections among Volunteer Blood Donors of Kosti Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital

Medicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Babiker Saad Almugadam ◽  
Omer Mohammed Ali Ibrahim ◽  
Yousif Mousa Alobaid Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Obstetrics And Gynecology ◽  
Serological Markers ◽  
Education Programs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Seropositivity Rate ◽  
Multiple Markers ◽  
Comprehensive Surveillance

Background: Transfusion-transmissible infections are well-known global health challenges. The present study is proposed to investigate the seropositivity of anti-HIV1/2, anti-HCV, HBsAg, and anti-T.pallidum among volunteer blood donors of Kosti Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital. Methods: Our study was conducted in a cross-sectional retrospective manner. The data of donors who attended Kosti Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital throughout 2016 to 2018 were reviewed and retrieved manually from blood bank records. Results: Out of 8139 donors, 22.52% were seropositive for serological markers of TTIs and 1.67% were seropositive for at least two serological markers of TTIs. The overall seropositivity rate of anti-HIV1/2, HBsAg, anti-HCV, and anti-T.pallidum was 1.77%, 6.07%, 1.14%, and 11.87%, respectively (p < 0.000). Anti-T.pallidum was the most frequently detected (p < 0.000) marker across all study variables. TTIs seroprevalence was significantly (p < 0.000) varied according to the age, residence, occupations, and blood groups. Notably, there was a rising trend in the rate of anti-HIV1/2 and seropositivity for more than one marker with age (p < 0.000). Regionally, rural area residents had a higher rate of anti-HIV1/2 (2.20%), HBsAg (6.31%), anti-HCV (1.42%), anti-T.pallidum (18.38%), and multiple markers seropositivity (2.28%) compared to urban areas. Between occupations, the highest rate of anti-HIV1/2 (p = 0.497), HBsAg (p = 0.003), anti-HCV (p = 0.385), anti-T.pallidum (p < 0.000), and multiple markers seropositivity (p < 0.000) were detected in farmers. Regarding the screening, we also found that the frequency of anti-T.pallidum was significantly (p = 0.004) higher in donors that carry the AB+ve blood group, whereas anti-HCV (1.83%) was more frequent in O−ve blood groups (p = 0.004). Anti-T.pallidum+HBsAg was the most frequently (1.22%) co-occurring marker. In contrast, anti-T.pallidum+anti-HIV1/2+HBsAg was the lowest frequency marker (p < 0.000). Conclusions: The study showed an alarming rate of TTIs, which suggests the requirement for comprehensive surveillance and health education programs.

scholarly journals DISTRIBUTION OF ABO AND RH (D) BLOOD GROUPS AMONG BLOOD DONORS IN DISTRICT MARDAN, PAKISTAN

1969 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 318-322
Author(s):  
MUHAMMAD KHALID ◽  
NAILA ASLAM ◽  
MUHAMMAD SIYAR ◽  
RASHID AHMAD
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Healthy Adult ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Abo Blood Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group B ◽  
Abo Blood Grouping ◽  
Blood Grouping

OBJECTIVE: To find out the distribution of ABO and Rh (D) blood groups among blood donors in districtMardan and to help transfusion services in the area.STUDY DESIGN: Cross sectional descriptive study.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted in DHQ Hospital Mardan from 1st January2012 to 31st December 2012. A total of 2893 healthy adult, blood donors (both volunteer and directed) fromdistrict Mardan were included. Two ml of blood anti-coagulated with EDTA was taken and both ABO andRh (D) blood groups were determined using commercially available anti-sera of Biolaboratories. Thedistribution ofABO and Rh blood groups in the local community were then calculated.RESULTS: Among ABO blood groups “ B” (27.97%) was the most prevalent, followed by “0” (27.93%),“ A” (24.75%) and “ AB” (19.36%). Group Rh positive (94.30%) was more prevalent than Rh negative(5.70%). Similarly 0+ve (26.65%) was most frequent followed by B+ve (26.17%), A+ve (23.16%), AB+ve(18.32%), B've(1.80%),Ave(l.59%),O ve( 1.28%) and ABve( 1.04%).CONCLUSION: Blood group 'B' was most frequent among the ABO blood groups and Rh (D) positiveamong Rh blood groups while0+vewas the most frequent blood group in the study population.KEYWORDS: ABO Blood grouping, Rh (D) blood grouping, Mardan.

scholarly journals Heterogeneous geographic distribution of human T-cell lymphotropic viruses I and II (HTLV-I/II): serological screening prevalence rates in blood donors from large urban areas in Brazil

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 926-931 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernadette Catalan-Soares ◽  
Anna Bárbara de F. Carneiro-Proietti ◽  
Fernando Augusto Proietti
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
The South ◽  
Serological Screening ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Human T Cell

Brazil may have the highest absolute number of HTLV-I/II seropositive individuals in the world. Screening potential blood donors for HTLV-I/II is mandatory in Brazil. The public blood center network accounts for about 80.0% of all blood collected. We conducted a cross-sectional study to assess the geographic distribution of HTLV-I/II serological screening prevalence rates in blood donors from 27 large urban areas in the various States of Brazil, from 1995 to 2000. Enzyme immunoassay (EIA) was used to test for HTLV-I/II. The mean prevalence rates ranged from 0.4/1,000 in Florianópolis, capital of Santa Catarina State, in the South, to 10.0/1,000 in São Luiz, Maranhão State, in the Northeast. EIA prevalence rates are lower in the South and higher in the North and Northeast. The reasons for such heterogeneity may be multiple and need further studies.

scholarly journals Hepatitis B, HIV, and Syphilis Seroprevalence in Pregnant Women and Blood Donors in Cameroon

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jodie Dionne-Odom ◽  
Rahel Mbah ◽  
Nicole J. Rembert ◽  
Samuel Tancho ◽  
Gregory E. Halle-Ekane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Seroprevalence Data ◽  
In Pregnancy

Objectives. We estimated seroprevalence and correlates of selected infections in pregnant women and blood donors in a resource-limited setting.Methods. We performed a cross-sectional analysis of laboratory seroprevalence data from pregnant women and voluntary blood donors from facilities in Cameroon in 2014. Rapid tests were performed to detect hepatitis B surface antigen, syphilis treponemal antibodies, and HIV-1/2 antibodies. Blood donations were also tested for hepatitis C and malaria.Results. The seroprevalence rates and ranges among 7069 pregnant women were hepatitis B 4.4% (1.1–9.6%), HIV 6% (3.0–10.2%), and syphilis 1.7% (1.3–3.8%) with significant variability among the sites. Correlates of infection in pregnancy in adjusted regression models included urban residence for hepatitis B (aOR 2.9, CI 1.6–5.4) and HIV (aOR 3.5, CI 1.9–6.7). Blood donor seroprevalence rates and ranges were hepatitis B 6.8% (5.0–8.8%), HIV 2.2% (1.4–2.8%), syphilis 4% (3.3–4.5%), malaria 1.9%, and hepatitis C 1.7% (0.5–2.5%).Conclusions. Hepatitis B, HIV, and syphilis infections are common among pregnant women and blood donors in Cameroon with higher rates in urban areas. Future interventions to reduce vertical transmission should include universal screening for these infections early in pregnancy and provision of effective prevention tools including the birth dose of univalent hepatitis B vaccine.

scholarly journals The Distribution of Abo and Rhesus Blood Groups Among Blood Donor Attending Transfusion Medicine Department of Dhaka Medical College Hospital in 2014

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-56
Author(s):  
Shanaz Karim ◽  
Md Mazharul Hoque ◽  
Ehteshamul Hoque ◽  
Hussne Ara Begum ◽  
Syeda Masooma Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Blood Donor ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Medical College Hospital ◽  
Transfusion Medicine ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medicine Department ◽  
Medical College

Objective: This study was aimed to identify the distribution patterns of ABO and Rh-D blood group among the blood donor attending at transfusion medicine department DMCHin order to promote social awareness and safe blood transfusion among the population.Method: It was a cross sectional study conducted in the Department of Transfusion Medicine, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, from January to December 2014. After proper ethical consideration, a total of 39,512 blood donors were included in this study. They were selected irrespective of age and sex by systematic random sampling. ABO and Rh-D blood groups were determined by the antigen antibody agglutination test in our blood bank by standard tile techniques.Results: Among 39,512 blood donors male blood donors were 31,602(79.98%), female blood donors were 7,910(20.01%).14,817(37.5%) blood donor were identified as having blood group B, while 12,565 (31.8%) were blood group O, 8614( 21.80%) and3516( 8.9% )were blood group A and AB respectively. Rh-D positive were 38,247(96.79%) and Rh-D negative were 1,265(3.2%).J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 24, No.1, April, 2015, Page 53-56

scholarly journals Prevalence of serological markers and nucleic acid for blood-borne viral infections in blood donors in Al-Baha, Saudi Arabia

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (06) ◽  
pp. 619-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hatem H AlMutairi ◽  
Mohammad M AlAhmari ◽  
Badr H Al-Zahran ◽  
Ibrahim S Abbas ◽  
Juma`an S Al Ghamdi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Serological Markers ◽  
Viral Nucleic Acid ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hbv Markers ◽  
Donated Blood ◽  
Anti Hiv

Introduction: Data on blood-borne viral infections in some regions in Saudi Arabia remain scarce. This study investigates the prevalence of serological markers and nucleic acid for blood-borne viruses among blood donors in Al-Baha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Methodology: In this cross-sectional study, 2,807 donors who donated blood between January 2009 and November 2011 were investigated for blood-borne viral serological markers including HBsAg, anti-HBc, anti-HBs, anti-HCV, anti-HIV, and anti-HTLVI/III in addition to viral nucleic acid. Results: All donors were males between 16 to 66 years of age (mean: 31.5 ± 9.3 years). Viral nucleic acid and/or serological markers were detected in a total of 36 (1.3%) donors; of them, 26 (72.2%) had nucleic acid concomitant with serological markers, 6 (16.7%) had only viral nucleic acid, while 4 (11.1%) had only serological markers. Of all donors, 22 (0.8%) had HBsAg, 227 (8.0%) had anti-HBc, 157 (5.0%) had anti-HBs, 2,577 (91.8%) had no HBV markers, 2 (0.07%) had anti-HIV, 1 (0.04%) had anti-HCV, and 1 (0.04%) had anti-HTLVI/II. The donors who were born during HBV vaccination era showed no HBsAg (0.0%; p = 0.052), lower rates of anti-HBc (1.5%; p < 0.001) and anti-HBs (0.7%; p < 0.001), while the majority had no HBV markers (98.5%; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Combined viral nucleic acid and serological testing of donated blood enhances blood safety. The absence of HBV markers among donors suggests susceptibility or declined anti-HBs levels. Thus, HBV revaccination or a vaccine boost among adolescents and adults might be indispensable.

KEJADIAN PENYAKIT HIPERTENSI DAN INDEKS MASSA TUBUH PADA PEREMPUAN YANG TINGGAL DI PEDESAAN DAN PERKOTAAN

2019 ◽  
pp. 127-136
Author(s):  
Venti Agustina
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Normal Body Mass Index ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Normal Body ◽  
Stadium I

Hipertensiadalah penyebab kematian utama di Indonesia. Kematian akibat hipertensi lebih banyak terjadi di perkotaan dibandingkan di desa. Tingginya kejadian hipertensi dipengaruhi oleh faktor yang dapat dikontrol (obesitas,berat badan lebih, konsumsi garam berlebih,aktivitas fisik rendah, perokok, dan konsumsi alkohol) dan faktor yang tidak dapat dikontrol (genetik, usia, dan jenis kelamin). Penelitian bertujuan memberikan gambarandistribusi tekanan darah dan indeks massa tubuh (IMT) pendudukperempuan di kota maupun di desa.Desain penelitian adalah deskriptif kuatitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Data primer didapatkan melalui pengukuran tekanan darah, tinggi badan dan berat badan. Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Kutowinangun Kidul, Kecamatan Tingkir,Salatiga yang mewakili penduduk perempuan di perkotaan dan Desa Batur, Kecamatan Getasan, Kabupaten Semarangyang mewakili penduduk perempuan pedesaan. Adapun jumlah sampel masing-masing 66 respondendan 72responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kejadian penyakit hipertensi, resiko obese dan obese lebih didominasi oleh respondendi perkotaan dibandingkan di pedesaan dengan rentang usia di atas 46 tahun. Respondendi desa dengan indeks massa tubuh normal cenderung mengalami pre-hipertensi (8,3%) dan hipertensi stadium I (6,9%) sementararesponden dengan resiko obese dan obese cenderung mengalami hipertensi stadium I (1,4%).Respondendi kota dengan indeks massa tubuh normal cenderung mengalami pre hipertensi (6,06%), hipertensi stadium I (4,5%) dan II (7,5%). Responden dengan resiko obese cenderung mengalami hipertensi stadium I (4,5%), dan responden dengan obese I dan II cenderung mengalami pre-hipertensi (4,5%).   Hypertension is the leading cause of death in Indonesia. Deaths due to hypertension are more common in urban areas than in villages. The high incidence of hypertension is influenced by factors that can be controlled (obesity, overweight, excessive salt consumption, low physical activity, smokers, and alcohol consumption) and factors that cannot be controlled (genetic, age, and sex). The study aimed to provide an overview of blood pressure distribution and body mass index (BMI) of female residents in cities and villages. The study design was descriptive quantitative with a cross sectional approach. Primary data was obtained through measurements of blood pressure, height and weight. The study was conducted in Kutowinangun Kidul Village, Tingkir Subdistrict, Salatiga representing women in urban areas and Batur Village, Getasan Subdistrict, Semarang Regency, representing rural women. The number of samples was 66 respondents and 72 respondents respectively. The results showed that the incidence of hypertension, the risk of obese and obese was more dominated by respondents in urban areas than in rural areas with ages above 46 years. Respondents in villages with normal body mass index tended to experience pre-hypertension (8.3%) and stage I hypertension (6.9%) while respondents with obese and obese risk tended to experience stage I hypertension (1.4%). Respondents in cities with normal body mass index tended to experience pre-hypertension (6.06%), stage I hypertension (4.5%) and II (7.5%). Respondents with obese risk tended to experience stage I hypertension (4.5%), and respondents with obese I and II tended to experience pre-hypertension (4.5%).

HIV INFECTION AND SOME RELATED FACTORS IN FEMALE MASSAGE THERAPISTS IN QUANG NGAI PROVINCE

2015 ◽  
pp. 57-60
Author(s):  
Xuan Chuong Tran ◽  
Thi Thanh Hoa Le ◽  
Ngoc Van Nguyen ◽  
Thanh Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Sexual Contact ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Keywords Hiv ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Massage Therapists

Background: HIV/AIDS is still a dangerous infection in Vietnam and in the world. Studying of HIV infection and related factors in high risk groups, including female massage therapists is therefore very important. Aims: 1. To study the HIV infection in female massage therapists in Quang Ngai province. 2. To fine some related factors to HIV infection. Patients and methods: Female massage therapists working in Quang Ngai province. Cross-sectional, descriptive study. Results: The rate of HIV infection was 0.99%. Group older than 22 years old had higher rate of infection than group under 22 years old (1.80% vs 0.69%). The girls from urban areas or not using condom had higher rate of infection than group from rural or not using condom (1.57% vs 0.47% and 7.32% vs. 0.57%). Most of HIV infected belong to single or divorce groups. Conclusions: The rate of HIV infection in female massage therapists in Quang Ngai province was 0.99%. The HIV infection related factor was not using condom in sexual contact. Keywords: HIV, female massage therapists, Quang Ngai

scholarly journals Knowledge and intake of folic acid to prevent neural tube defects among pregnant women in urban China: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingming Cui ◽  
Xiao-Lin Lu ◽  
Yan-Yu Lyu ◽  
Fang Wang ◽  
Xiao-Lu Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Neural Tube ◽  
Neural Tube Defects ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Unplanned Pregnancy ◽  
Urban China ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background The prevalence of neural tube defects (NTDs) in China declined during 2000–2017 with periconceptional folic acid (FA) supplementation, which is effective in reducing the risk of birth defects. We aimed to assess the knowledge and actual use of FA among Chinese pregnant women and to explore factors associated with FA use before pregnancy. Methods All data were collected in face-to-face interviews during health visits among pregnant women. We collected information about knowledge and use of FA supplements and demographic, socioeconomic, and health status. One maternity and childcare hospital was chosen in each of four cities: Beijing, Huaibei, Kunming, and Haikou. In total, 435 pregnant women were randomly recruited for interviews conducted from June to December 2016. Results A total of 428 pregnant women were included in this survey. Of these, 82.0% (351/428) knew that FA can prevent NTDs, and 75.9% (325/428) knew the correct time to take FA. Overall, 65.9% (282/428) of women knew both that FA can prevent NTDs and the recommended time to take FA before pregnancy. Approximately 95.1% (407/428) of women reported having ever taken FA, only 46.3% (198/428) had begun to take FA supplementation before conception, and 64.5% (109/169) of women from rural areas failed to take FA before pregnancy. Women living in northern China (odds ratio [OR] = 1.81, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.18–2.77), those with unplanned pregnancy (OR = 1.99, 95% CI 1.30–3.04), and highly educated women (OR = 2.37, 95% CI 1.45–3.88) were more likely to know about FA. Women who were homemakers (OR = 1.94, 95% CI 1.21–3.11) and had unplanned pregnancy (OR = 6.18, 95% CI 4.01–9.53) were less likely to begin taking FA before pregnancy. Conclusions Our survey showed that most pregnant women knew about FA. Although preconception intake of FA can help to reduce NTDs, improving the rate of FA intake before pregnancy is needed in urban areas of China, especially among homemakers and women from rural areas or with unplanned pregnancy. Campaigns are needed to increase awareness about FA and FA use before pregnancy among rural women, homemakers, and those with unplanned pregnancy and lower education levels.

scholarly journals Rural–Urban Differences in the Factors Affecting Depressive Symptoms among Older Adults of Two Regions in Myanmar

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 2818
Author(s):  
Yuri Sasaki ◽  
Yugo Shobugawa ◽  
Ikuma Nozaki ◽  
Daisuke Takagi ◽  
Yuiko Nagamine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Middle School ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
School Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle School Level

The aim of the study was to investigate rural–urban differences in depressive symptoms in terms of the risk factors among older adults of two regions in Myanmar to provide appropriate intervention for depression depending on local characteristics. This cross-sectional study, conducted between September and December, 2018, used a multistage sampling method to recruit participants from the two regions, for face-to-face interviews. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the 15-item version of the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Depressive symptoms were positively associated with living in rural areas (B = 0.42; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.12,0.72), female (B = 0.55; 95% CI: 0.31,0.79), illness during the preceding year (B = 0.68; 95% CI: 0.45,0.91) and non-Buddhist religion (B = 0.57; 95% CI: 0.001,1.15) and protectively associated with education to middle school level or higher (B = −0.61; 95% CI: −0.94, −0.28) and the frequency of visits to religious facilities (B = −0.20; 95% CI: −0.30, −0.10). In women in urban areas, depressive symptoms were positively associated with illness during the preceding year (B = 0.78; 95% CI: 0.36, 1.20) and protectively associated with education to middle school level or higher (B = −0.67; 95% CI: −1.23, −0.11), middle or high wealth index (B = −0.92; 95% CI: −1.59, −0.25) and the frequency of visits to religious facilities (B = −0.20; 95% CI: −0.38, −0.03). In men in rural areas, illness during the preceding year was positively associated with depressive symptoms (B = 0.87; 95% CI: 0.33, 1.42). In women in rural areas, depressive symptoms were positively associated with illness during the preceding year (B = 0.83; 95% CI: 0.36, 1.30) and protectively associated with primary education (B = −0.62; 95% CI: −1.12, −0.12) and the frequency of visits to religious facilities (B = −0.44; 95% CI: −0.68, −0.21). Religion and wealth could have different levels of association with depression between older adults in the urban and rural areas and men and women. Interventions for depression in older adults should consider regional and gender differences in the roles of religion and wealth in Myanmar.

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