scholarly journals Boswellia serrata Extract as an Antibiofilm Agent against Candida spp.

2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
Petr Jaroš ◽  
Maria Vrublevskaya ◽  
Kristýna Lokočová ◽  
Jana Michailidu ◽  
Irena Kolouchová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Candida Parapsilosis ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Boswellic Acid ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Boswellia Serrata

The use of antibiotics or antifungals to control infections caused by pathogenic microorganisms is currently insufficiently effective because of their emerging resistance. Thanks to the ability of microorganisms to form a biofilm and thus increase their resistance to administered drugs even more, modern medicine faces the task of finding novel substances to combat infections caused by them. In this regard, the effects of essential oils or plant extracts are often studied. Among the relatively neglected plants is Boswellia serrata, which has a high content of biologically active boswellic acids. In this study, we focused on one of the most common nosocomial infections, which are caused by Candida species. The most common representative is C. albicans, although the number of infections caused by non-albicans species has recently been increasing. We focused on the antifungal activity of Boswellia serrata extract Bioswellix against planktonic and adhering cells of Candida albicans, Candida parapsilosis and Candida krusei. The antifungal activity against adhering cells was further explored by determining the metabolic activity of cells (MTT) and determining the total amount of biofilm using crystal violet. Boswellic acid-containing plant extract was shown to suppress the growth of a suspension population of all tested Candida species. Boswellia serrata extract Bioswellix was most effective in inhibiting C. albicans biofilm formation.

scholarly journals Copper(II) and Zinc(II) Complexes with the Clinically Used Fluconazole: Comparison of Antifungal Activity and Therapeutic Potential

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Nevena Lj. Stevanović ◽  
Ivana Aleksic ◽  
Jakob Kljun ◽  
Sanja Skaro Bogojevic ◽  
Aleksandar Veselinovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Candida Parapsilosis ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Candida Krusei ◽  
Strong Inhibition ◽  
Subinhibitory Concentrations ◽  
Pyocyanin Production

Copper(II) and zinc(II) complexes with clinically used antifungal drug fluconazole (fcz), {[CuCl2(fcz)2].5H2O}n, 1, and {[ZnCl2(fcz)2]·2C2H5OH}n, 2, were prepared and characterized by spectroscopic and crystallographic methods. The polymeric structure of the complexes comprises four fluconazole molecules monodentately coordinated via the triazole nitrogen and two chlorido ligands. With respect to fluconazole, complex 2 showed significantly higher antifungal activity against Candida krusei and Candida parapsilosis. All tested compounds reduced the total amount of ergosterol at subinhibitory concentrations, indicating that the mode of activity of fluconazole was retained within the complexes, which was corroborated via molecular docking with cytochrome P450 sterol 14α-demethylase (CYP51) as a target. Electrostatic, steric and internal energy interactions between the complexes and enzyme showed that 2 has higher binding potency to this target. Both complexes showed strong inhibition of C. albicans filamentation and biofilm formation at subinhibitory concentrations, with 2 being able to reduce the adherence of C. albicans to A549 cells in vitro. Complex 2 was able to reduce pyocyanin production in Pseudomonas aeruginosa between 10% and 25% and to inhibit its biofilm formation by 20% in comparison to the untreated control. These results suggest that complex 2 may be further examined in the mixed Candida-P. aeruginosa infections.

Biofilm Formation by Candida Species on Silicone Surfaces and Latex Pacifier Nipples: An in vitro Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Cezar da Silveira ◽  
Senda Charone ◽  
Lucianne Cople Maia ◽  
Rosangela Maria de Araújo Soares ◽  
Maristela Barbosa Portela
Keyword(s):  
Candida Species ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Fungal Colonization ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Biofilm Growth ◽  
Species Analysis ◽  
Biofilm Development

The present study assessed the growth and development of biofilm formation by isolates of C. albicans, C. glabrata and C. parapsilosis on silicone and latex pacifier nipples. The silicone and latex surfaces were evaluated by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). The plastic component of the nipple also seems to be an important factor regarding the biofilm formation by Candida spp. The biofilm growth was measured using the MTT reduction reaction. C. albicans was found to have a slightly greater capacity of forming biofilm compared to the other Candida species. Analysis of the pattern of biofilm development by C. albicans,C. glabrata and C. parapsilosis on latex and silicon pacifier shields showed an increased biofilm formation regarding the latter substrate. Silicone was shown to be more resistant to fungal colonization, particularly in the case of C. parapsilosis, despite the lack of any statistically significant differences (P > 0.05). In addition, silicone has a smoother surface compared to latex, whose surface was found to be rugose and irregular

scholarly journals Effect of Distreptaza Distrept on the specific activity of fluconazole against Candida biofilms

2021 ◽  
pp. 105-108
Author(s):  
N.O. Vrynchanu ◽  
N.I. Hrynchuk ◽  
V.V. Samsonova
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Film Formation ◽  
Gentian Violet ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Antifungal Effect ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
The One

The ability of yeast-like fungi to form biofilms (structurally organized microbial communities) leads to chronicity of the inflammatory process and recurrent course of mycoses. Biofilms formed by the fungus Candida spp. are characterized by increased resistance to most antifungals and effectors of the immune system. Promising antibiotics are enzymes. Their specificity to the structural components of the biofilm can be used to prevent biofilm formation and destruction of the formed biofilm. The article presents the results of studying the sensitivity biofilms formed by Candida fungi to the action of the enzyme drug Distreptaza Distrept, as well as its effect on the specific antifungal activity of fluconazole.Research objective: to evaluate the Distreptaza Distrept impact on the antifungal activity of fluconazole on biofilms of Candida spp.Materials and methods. One-day cultures of C. albicans and C. glabrata were used in the experiments. To study the effect on biofilm formation Distreptaza Distrept, fluconazole solutions and microorganisms were applied simultaneously, when exposed to the formed biofilms for 24 h after application of the fungal inoculum. The experiments were carried out in accordance with conventional methods based on the sorption of gentian violet by biofilm structures with subsequent desorption of the dye in an organic solvent.Results. Experiments have shown that Distreptaza Distrept disrupts the film formation of C. glabrata, the inhibition is 85.6%. The enzyme preparation affects the biofilms formed by yeast-like fungi, biomass of C. glabrata decreases by 43.6%. It was found that Distreptaza Distrept enhances the specific antibiotic action of fluconazole at the stage of film formation against C. albicans by 13.1%, C. glabrata by 70.4%. Biomass of the one-day biofilm formed by C. glabrata is reduced by 80.2% if there was an enzyme drug and fluconazole in the incubation medium.Conclusion. Distreptaza Distrept has antibiotic biofilm activity, increases the specific antifungal effect of fluconazole on biofilms of Candida fungi. The data obtained indicate the feasibility of this drug in recurrent infections caused by yeast-like fungi, including diseases caused by azole-resistant strains of Candida spp.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antifungal Activity of Naja pallida and Naja mossambica Venoms against Three Candida Species

Toxins ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 500
Author(s):  
Ewelina Kuna ◽  
Aleksandra Bocian ◽  
Konrad K. Hus ◽  
Vladimir Petrilla ◽  
Monika Petrillova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Colony Development ◽  
Snake Venoms ◽  
Great Caution ◽  
Development And Aging ◽  
High Concentrations

In contrast to comprehensively investigated antibacterial activity of snake venoms, namely crude venoms and their selected components, little is known about antifungal properties of elapid snake venoms. In the present study, the proteome of two venoms of red spitting cobra Naja pallida (NPV) and Mozambique spitting cobra Naja mossambica (NMV) was characterized using LC-MS/MS approach, and the antifungal activity of crude venoms against three Candida species was established. A complex response to venom treatment was revealed. NPV and NMV, when used at relatively high concentrations, decreased cell viability of C. albicans and C. tropicalis, affected cell cycle of C. albicans, inhibited C. tropicalis-based biofilm formation and promoted oxidative stress in C. albicans, C. glabrata and C. tropicalis cells. NPV and NMV also modulated ammonia pulses during colony development and aging in three Candida species. All these observations provide evidence that NPV and NMV may diminish selected pathogenic features of Candida species. However, NPV and NMV also promoted the secretion of extracellular phospholipases that may facilitate Candida pathogenicity and limit their usefulness as anti-candidal agents. In conclusion, antifungal activity of snake venoms should be studied with great caution and a plethora of pathogenic biomarkers should be considered in the future experiments.

scholarly journals Presumptive Identification of Candida spp. from Clinical Isolates and Anticandidal Effect of Essential Oils

YMER Digital ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 254-261
Author(s):  
S S Khandare ◽  
◽  
A P Moon ◽  
M G Ingale ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Candida Glabrata ◽  
Candida Parapsilosis ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Candida Krusei ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Life Threatening

Candida is normal flora of human skin, mouth, vagina, colon and causes mycosis worldwide. Candida causes oral thrush, vaginitis and other potentially life-threatening diseases. This study assesses anticandidal potential of essential oils against Candida species isolated from clinical samples obtained from Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sewagram, Wardha, Maharashtra. On the basis of morphological characterization on Sabouraud dextrose agar, CHROMagar, Germ tube test and biochemical characterization, Candida species identified as Candida albicans, Candida krusei, Candida glabrata, Candida parapsilosis. Clove, thyme, cinnamon and eucalyptus essential oils with concentrations of 6.2, 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 μg/ml were used to study their anticandidal activity. C. albicans demonstrated zone of inhibition (ZOI) 29, 20, 32, 29 mm, Candida krusei 25, 25, 30, 21 mm, Candida glabrata 24, 22, 31, 32mm,Candida parapsilosis 33,31,33, 29mm towards clove, thyme, cinnamon and eucalyptus oil (each at 100 μg/ml) respectively which are highest ZOI as compared with antifungal agent Amphotericin-B, which showed 16, 13, 12, 8 mm against C. albicans, C. krusei, C.glabrata and C. parapsilosis respectively. All Candida spp. produced biofilms and enzyme lipase. This study will facilitate the development of novel broad-spectrum key molecules against a range of Candida species.

scholarly journals Antifungal activity of etomidate against growing biofilms of fluconazole-resistant Candida spp. strains, binding to mannoproteins and molecular docking with the ALS3 protein

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (10) ◽  
pp. 1221-1227
Author(s):  
Lívia Gurgel do Amaral Valente Sá ◽  
Cecília Rocha da Silva ◽  
João Batista de Andrade Neto ◽  
Francisca Bruna Stefany Aires do Nascimento ◽  
Fátima Daiana Dias Barroso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Docking ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Candida Parapsilosis ◽  
Molecular Mapping ◽  
Mapping Technique ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Adhesive Protein ◽  
Fungal Adhesion ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Fluconazole Resistant

This study evaluated the effect of etomidate against biofilms of Candida spp. and analysed through molecular docking the interaction of this drug with ALS3, an important protein for fungal adhesion. Three fluconazole-resistant fungi were used: Candida albicans, Candida parapsilosis and Candida tropicalis. Growing biofilms were exposed to etomidate at 31.25–500 µg ml−1. Then, an ALS3 adhesive protein from C. albicans was analysed through a molecular mapping technique, composed of a sequence of algorithms to perform molecular mapping simulation based on classic force field theory. Etomidate showed antifungal activity against growing biofilms of resistant C. albicans, C. parapsilosis and C. tropicalis at all concentrations used in the study. The etomidate coupling analysis revealed three interactions with the residues of interest compared to hepta-threonine, which remained at the ALS3 site. In addition, etomidate decreased the expression of mannoproteins on the surface of C. albicans. These results revealed that etomidate inhibited the growth of biofilms.

scholarly journals Study of the antifungal activity of ibuprofen and its association with amphotericin B or ketoconazole against Candida spp.

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Mariane Silva Sousa ◽  
Jefferson Rodrigues Nóbrega ◽  
Laísa Vilar Cordeiro ◽  
Francisco Patricio De Andrade Júnio ◽  
Wylly Araújo de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Antagonistic Effects ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Clinical Applicability ◽  
Checkerboard Assay

The objective was evaluating the antifungal activity of ibuprofen alone and when associated with amphotericin B or ketoconazole against Candida species. Strains of C. albicans, C. tropicalis, C. guilliermondii, C. krusei and C. parapsilosis were used. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by the microdilution method and the association study performed through the checkerboard assay. The concentration of 512 µg/mL inhibited approximately 65% of the tested strains, while against 35% of the strains presented MIC values above 2048 µg/mL. Associations of ibuprofen with amphotericin B against C. tropicalis and ibuprofen with ketoconazole against C. krusei showed synergistic effect. Antagonistic effects were evidenced in the combination of ibuprofen with amphotericin B against C. guilliermondii and C. albicans, as well as in the association of ibuprofen with ketoconazole against C. albicans and C. tropicalis. Through the experiments, it was found that ibuprofen showed antifungal activity against most of the Candida species tested. The combinations of ibuprofen and antifungals had synergistic effects. However, antagonistic results were evidenced in the association with ibuprofen, which would make clinical applicability difficult. Therefore, studies of this combined activity should be investigated, considering that this association may be positive for antifungal therapy.

scholarly journals Silver Nanoparticles Biosynthesized with Spruce Bark Extract—A Molecular Aggregate with Antifungal Activity against Candida Species

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1261
Author(s):  
Anca Delia Mare ◽  
Adrian Man ◽  
Cristina Nicoleta Ciurea ◽  
Felicia Toma ◽  
Anca Cighir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Synergistic Activity ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Time Treatment ◽  
Spruce Bark ◽  
Short Time

Due to their high content of biomolecules, combined with silver’s well known antimicrobial potential, silver nanoparticles biosynthesized using spruce bark (AgNP SBEs) demonstrate antibacterial and antioxidant activity, making them a versatile option for developing new antimicrobial agents that might be used for medical treatment or as adjuvants for the classical agents. This study aims to analyze if silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) mediated by spruce bark extract (SBE) and silver salts (AgNP SBE Acetate, AgNP SBE Nitrate) presents antifungal activity against five different Candida spp., synergistic activity with fluconazole, and if they interact with some virulence factors of C. albicans. AgNP SBEs presented MICs (minimum inhibitory concentrations) for all the five tested Candida spp. AgNP SBEs inhibited the growth of C. parapsilosis, C. krusei, and C. guilliermondii, exerted synergistic activity with fluconazole for C. parapsilosis and C. guilliermondii, and inhibited biofilm production for C. albicans, C. auris, and C. guilliermondii. MICs of AgNP SBE Acetate significantly inhibited the production of germ tubes of C. albicans. The expression of C. albicans SAP2 gene was down-regulated by the short-time treatment with MICs of AgNP SBE Acetate, while ALS3 and HSP70 genes were up-regulated by the AgNPs MICs. These results emphasize the potential of using the AgNP SBEs as treatments/adjuvants options, not only against the redundant C. albicans but also for the non-albicans Candida species (which are not as frequently involved in human pathologies, but, sometimes, can be more aggressive).

Voriconazole-natural latex dressings for treating infected Candida spp. skin ulcers

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (15) ◽  
pp. 1439-1452
Author(s):  
Thainá V da Silva ◽  
Natan R de Barros ◽  
Caroline B Costa-Orlandi ◽  
Jean L Tanaka ◽  
Lincoln G Moro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Candida Parapsilosis ◽  
Natural Rubber Latex ◽  
Biological Characterization ◽  
Casting Method ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Biological Assays ◽  
Skin Ulcers ◽  
Interesting Alternative ◽  
Dermal Application

Aim: This work aimed to develop a membrane based on voriconazole (VCZ)-loaded natural rubber latex (NRL) for treating infected ulcers with Candida spp. and study their interaction, drug release, antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis and biological characterization. Materials & methods: VCZ-loaded NRL membrane was produced by casting method. Results: Infrared spectrum showed that the incorporation of VCZ into the NRL membrane maintained its characteristics. Its mechanical properties were considered suitable for dermal application. The VCZ was able to release from NRL membrane, maintaining its antifungal activity against C. parapsilosis, besides did not present hemolytic effects. Conclusion: The VCZ-NRL membrane showed good results in mechanical, antifungal and biological assays, representing an interesting alternative to treatment of infected wound with Candida spp.

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