scholarly journals Metabolomic Profiling of Biolayers on the Surface of Marble in Nature and Urban Environment. Case Study of Karelia and St. Petersburg

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1033
Author(s):  
Katerina V. Sazanova ◽  
Marina S. Zelenskaya ◽  
Oksana A. Rodina ◽  
Alexey L. Shavarda ◽  
Dmitry Yu. Vlasov
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
Seasonal Differences ◽  
Metabolomic Profiling ◽  
Metabolome Profiling ◽  
Metabolite Network ◽  
Marble Surface

The formation of biolayers of various taxonomic and biochemical composition occurs on the rock surfaces under various environmental conditions. The composition of metabolites in various types of biolayers on the marble surface in natural outcrops and urban environment was studied. Metabolome profiling was fulfilled by GC-MS. It was found that communities in urban environment are much less biochemically diverse than in a quarry. The seasonal differences in metabolite network between samples dominate over taxonomic ones in biolayers with predomination of algae and cyanobacteria and in biolayers with predomination of fungi. The biolayers of different stage of soil formation are less susceptible to seasonal variability.

scholarly journals STATISTICAL MODELS OF THE METABOLOME OF LITHOBIONTIC COMMUNITIES IN NATURAL AND URBANIZED CONDITIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 155-160
Author(s):  
K.V. Sazanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Statistical Models ◽  
Metabolomic Profiling ◽  
Metabolomic Data ◽  
Community Types ◽  
Marble Surface

The composition of metabolites in various types of biolayering on the marble surface in natural outcrops and in an urban environment has been studied. Metabolomic profiling was performed by gas chromatographymass spectrometry. It was found that biolayering in the urban environment is much less diverse biochemically than in anthropogenically undisturbed conditions. The differences in metabolomic data were significantly greater between sampling sites than between community types. Lithobiontic communities of organisms are an interesting and promising for bioindication and biomonitoring of the environment.

scholarly journals The most places at risk surrounding the COVID-19 treatment hospitals in an urban environment- case study: Tehran city

2021 ◽  
pp. 105725
Author(s):  
Najmeh Neysani Samany ◽  
Ara Toomanian ◽  
Ali Maher ◽  
Khatereh Hanani ◽  
Ali Reza Zali
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Urban Environment

Bike your City: Planning and Designing Cycling Infrastructure in the Urban Environment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Jack J. Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Environment Design ◽  
Mode Of Transport ◽  
Design Case Study ◽  
Architecture And Design ◽  
Graphical Design ◽  
The City

<p>Cycling is a memory of the past for most of us, the lack of support from the authorities on the cycling infrastructure made it difficult to attract people to cycle in the city. Urban sprawl, traffic congestion, car dependency, environmental pollution and public health concerns have pressured cities around the world to consider reintegrating cycling into the urban environment.  Design as a research method was utilised to investigate the effectiveness of design methodology and workflow for cycling infrastructure from an architecture and design perspective. Using Wellington City as a design case study, this research aimed to improve the legibility, usability and the image of cycling as a mode of transport in the city. To achieve this, a customisable graphical design framework and branding strategies were developed to structure and organise the design components within cycling infrastructure. The findings from the iterative design processes were visualised through the appropriate architectural and presentation conventions.  This research provided an unique architectural perspectives on the issues of cycling infrastructure; the results would support the transportation advisers and urban planners to further the development and integration of cycling, as a viable mode of transport, within the city.</p>

Evaluating the Coupledness of the Aerodynamics and Hydrodynamics on the Estimation of Fatigue Damage Equivalent Load for a Floating Offshore Wind Platform

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Kanner ◽  
Bingbin Yu
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Fatigue Damage ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Coupled Analysis ◽  
Offshore Wind Turbine ◽  
Wave Conditions ◽  
Equivalent Load ◽  
The Waves

In this research, the estimation of the fatigue life of a semi-submersible floating offshore wind platform is considered. In order to accurately estimate the fatigue life of a platform, coupled aerodynamic-hydrodynamic simulations are performed to obtain dynamic stress values. The simulations are performed at a multitude of representative environmental states, or “bins,” which can mimic the conditions the structure may endure at a given site, per ABS Floating Offshore Wind Turbine Installation guidelines. To accurately represent the variety of wind and wave conditions, the number of environmental states can be of the order of 103. Unlike other offshore structures, both the wind and wave conditions must be accounted for, which are generally considered independent parameters, drastically increasing the number of states. The stress timeseries from these simulations can be used to estimate the damage at a particular location on the structure by using commonly accepted methods, such as the rainflow counting algorithm. The damage due to either the winds or the waves can be estimated by using a frequency decomposition of the stress timeseries. In this paper, a similar decoupled approach is used to attempt to recover the damages induced from these coupled simulations. Although it is well-known that a coupled, aero-hydro analysis is necessary in order to accurately simulate the nonlinear rigid-body motions of the platform, it is less clear if the same statement could be made about the fatigue properties of the platform. In one approach, the fatigue damage equivalent load is calculated independently from both scatter diagrams of the waves and a rose diagram of the wind. De-coupled simulations are performed to estimate the response at an all-encompassing range of environmental conditions. A database of responses based on these environmental conditions is constructed. The likelihood of occurrence at a case-study site is used to compare the damage equivalent from the coupled simulations. The OC5 platform in the Borssele wind farm zone is used as a case-study and the damage equivalent load from the de-coupled methods are compared to those from the coupled analysis in order to assess these methodologies.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document