scholarly journals Guidelines to Study the Adsorption of Pesticides onto Clay Minerals Aiming at a Straightforward Evaluation of Their Removal Performance

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1282
Author(s):  
Jorge Cesar Masini ◽  
Gilberto Abate
Keyword(s):  
Clay Minerals ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Adsorption Parameters ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Inorganic Particles ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Modified Clay ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

Natural and modified clay minerals have been extensively used for the adsorption/desorption of organic substances, especially pesticides, from waters and wastewater, aiming at pollution control and more efficient use of the herbicides through controlled release. While natural clay minerals efficiently remove organic cations such as paraquat and diquat, the adsorption of anionic or neutral species demands surface chemical modification with, for instance, quaternary ammonium salts containing long alkyl chains. Basic pesticides, on the other hand, are better absorbed in clay minerals modified with polycations. Kinetic studies and adsorption/desorption isotherms provide the parameters needed to evaluate the clay mineral’s adsorptive performance towards the pollutant target. However, the direct comparison of these parameters is complicated because the experimental conditions, the analytical techniques, the kinetic and isotherm models, and the numerical fitting method differ among the various studies. The free-energy-related Langmuir constant depends on the degree of site occupation; that is, it depends on the concentration window used to construct the adsorption isotherm and, consequently, on the analytical technique used to quantify the free concentrations. This paper reviews pesticides’ adsorption on natural and modified clay minerals and proposes guidelines for designing batch adsorption/desorption studies to obtain easily comparable and meaningful adsorption parameters. Articles should clearly describe the experimental conditions such as temperature, contact time, total concentration window, the solution to adsorbent ratio, the analytical technique, and its detection and quantification limits, besides the fitting models. Research should also evaluate the competitive effects of humic substances, colloidal inorganic particles, and ionic strength to emulate real-world adsorption experiments.

scholarly journals Studies on the Removal of Red Industrial Dye Using Teak Leaf, Maize Corn and Babool Tree Bark Carbons -A Comparison

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 770-774
Author(s):  
N. Kannan ◽  
A. Vijayakumar ◽  
P. Subramaniam
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Tree Bark ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Adsorption Parameters ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
First Order Kinetics ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Intra Particle Diffusion

Activated carbons prepared from teak leaf (TLC), maize corn (MCC) and babool tree bark (BTBC) were used to study adsorption of red industrial dye under various experimental conditions. Effect of various experimental parameters such as initial concentration, adsorbent dosage, particle size, contact time and initial pH of solution was studied. Batch adsorption studies were carried out at room temperature (30±1°C). Adsorption parameters were modeled by Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models. Adsorption data were fitted with the Natarajan and Khalaf, Lagergren and Bhattacharya -Venkobachar equations. The high value of 21.28 was obtained from Langmuir plot indicates maize corn carbon (MCC) is the best low cost adsorbent. The adsorption process followed first order kinetics, with intra- particle diffusion as one of the rate limiting steps

scholarly journals Effective Separation of Prime Olefins from Gas Stream Using Anion Pillared Metal Organic Frameworks: Ideal Adsorbed Solution Theory Studies, Cyclic Application and Stability

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 510
Author(s):  
Majeda Khraisheh ◽  
Fares. Almomani ◽  
Gavin Walker
Keyword(s):  
Breakthrough Curves ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Regeneration Ability ◽  
Solution Theory ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Ideal Adsorbed Solution Theory ◽  
Adsorbed Solution ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Adsorption Desorption ◽  
Adsorbed Solution Theory

The separation of C3H4/C3H6 is one of the most energy intensive and challenging operations, requiring up to 100 theoretical stages, in traditional cryogenic distillation. In this investigation, the potential application of two MOFs (SIFSIX-3-Ni and NbOFFIVE-1-Ni) was tested by studying the adsorption–desorption behaviors at a range of operational temperatures (300–360 K) and pressures (1–100 kPa). Dynamic adsorption breakthrough tests were conducted and the stability and regeneration ability of the MOFs were established after eight consecutive cycles. In order to establish the engineering key parameters, the experimental data were fitted to four isotherm models (Langmuir, Freundlich, Sips and Toth) in addition to the estimation of the thermodynamic properties such as the isosteric heats of adsorption. The selectivity of the separation was tested by applying ideal adsorbed solution theory (IAST). The results revealed that SIFSIX-3-Ni is an effective adsorbent for the separation of 10/90 v/v C3H4/C3H6 under the range of experimental conditions used in this study. The maximum adsorption reported for the same combination was 3.2 mmolg−1. Breakthrough curves confirmed the suitability of this material for the separation with a 10-min gab before the lighter C3H4 is eluted from the column. The separated C3H6 was obtained with a 99.98% purity.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study on the Adsorption of Two Remazol Dyes on Green Adsorbent

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 248-257
Author(s):  
Eszter Rapo ◽  
Krisztina Jakab ◽  
Katalin Posta ◽  
Maria Suciu ◽  
Szende Tonk
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Textile Dyes ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Textile Dye ◽  
Adsorption Parameters ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Due to the large amount of wastewater discharged by the textile industry, many alternative researches have been undertaken in recent years to effectively remove textile dyes from water. In our study, the adsorption from aqueous solution of two important textile dyes, reactive azo dyes Remazol Red (RR) and Remazol Blue (RB) was studied with calcined chicken eggshell (Gallus Gallus domesticus) adsorbent. Batch biosorption studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of various parameters, such as contact time, initial dye concentration, amount of adsorbent, and pH, to determine the optimal adsorption parameters (Remazol Brilliant Red F3B: Ci=20 mg/l, 1.5g adsorbent, 160 μm, 700 rpm, pH=6.0�0.2, T=20�2 oC, where E%=97.3; Remazol Brilliant Blue R: Ci=20 mg/l, 1.5 g adsorbent, 160 μm, 700 rpm, pH=6.0�0.2, T=20�2oC, where E%=98.8). The changes in morphological structure were evaluated by SEM analysis. The experimental isotherm data were analyzed using the Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin-Radushkevich and Temkin isotherm models. Biosorption kinetics data were tested using pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, where in our experimental conditions the biosorption followed a pseudo-second-order reaction. EDS analyses were carried out, and bioconcentration factors were calculated before and after adsorption. The results of this study indicate that adsorption with calcined eggshell is a promising, feasible, reliable and eco-friendly method for Remazol textile dye removal from aqueous solutions.

scholarly journals Zeolites in Phenol Removal in the Presence of Cu(II) Ions—Comparison of Sorption Properties after Chitosan Modification

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidia Bandura ◽  
Małgorzata Franus ◽  
Jarosław Madej ◽  
Dorota Kołodyńska ◽  
Zbigniew Hubicki
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Phenol Removal ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Kinetics Of Adsorption ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Adsorption Desorption ◽  
Kinetics Of

Nowadays, the contamination of water with phenol is a serious environmental problem. This compound occurs very often with heavy metal ions which makes purification of water even more difficult. This article presents the problem of the removal of phenol from aqueous solutions in the presence of Cu(II) ions on synthetic zeolite NaP1 and zeolite NaP1 modified with chitosan. The adsorbents were determined with the use of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherm, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The studies on isotherms and batch kinetics under diversified experimental conditions with respect to initial concentration, contact time, and pH were discussed. Both Cu(II) and phenol adsorption increases with the initial concentration. Different isotherm models correspond well with the data acquired through experiments. The kinetics of adsorption follows the pseudo-second order rate equation. The studies indicate that the obtained sorbents can be employed for efficient removal of phenol from wastewater in the presence of Cu(II) ions.

scholarly journals Photocatalytic Degradation of Eosin Yellow Using Poly(pyrrole-co-aniline)-Coated TiO2/Nanocellulose Composite under Solar Light Irradiation

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. S. Anirudhan ◽  
S. R. Rejeena
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Photocatalytic Degradation ◽  
Complete Removal ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Adsorption Parameters ◽  
Kinetics Of Adsorption ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Eosin Yellow ◽  
Adsorption Equilibrium Data

The present study describes the feasibility of a novel adsorbent cum photocatalyst, poly(pyrrole-co-aniline)-coated TiO2/nanocellulose composite (P(Py-co-An)-TiO2/NCC), to remove eosin yellow (EY) from aqueous solutions. The removal of EY was investigated by batch adsorption followed by photocatalysis. The effect of various adsorption parameters like adsorbent dose, pH, contact time, initial concentration, and ionic strength has been optimized for treating effluents from the dye industry. Adsorption of EY reached maximum at pH 4.5 and complete removal of dye was achieved using 3.5 g/L of P(Py-co-An)-TiO2/NCC. Adsorption equilibrium data were fitted with Langmuir and Fritz-Schlunder isotherm models and the kinetics of adsorption follows a second-order mechanism. The adsorption capacity of P(Py-co-An)-TiO2/NCC was found to be 3.39 × 10−5 mol/g and reached equilibrium within 90 min. The photocatalytic degradation of adsorbed dye under sunlight was possible and about 92.3% of dye was degraded within 90 min. The reusability of P(Py-co-An)-TiO2/NCC was also investigated. The results indicate that P(Py-co-An)-TiO2/NCC is the best material for the wiping out of EY from aqueous solutions.

scholarly journals Kinetic and thermodynamic studies on the adsorption of Cu2+ ions from aqueous solution by using agricultural waste-derived biochars

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 3120-3140
Author(s):  
Nihan Kaya ◽  
Ferhat Arslan ◽  
Zeynep Yıldız Uzun ◽  
Selim Ceylan
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Walnut Shell ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Adsorption Parameters ◽  
Mixing Speed ◽  
Hazelnut Shell

Abstract In this study, it was aimed to investigate the adsorption properties of the biochars obtained by pyrolysis of hazelnut and walnut shells for removal of copper ions from aqueous solutions. The characterization of raw biomasses and also biochars were performed using TGA-DTG, FT-IR, BET, SEM, partial and elemental analysis techniques. The optimum conditions were determined by investigating the effect of adsorption parameters (initial concentration, temperature, adsorbent amount, pH, contact time and mixing speed) for efficient removal of copper ions from aqueous solution by batch adsorption experiments carried out under different conditions. The highest adsorption efficiencies were recorded as 82 and 86% respectively for hazelnut and walnut shell biochars at pH 4, Co = 15 ppm, adsorbent dosage = 3 g/L and mixing speed = 600 rpm. Experimental results showed that the adsorption efficiency for copper ions increased with the increase of temperature (T = 45 °C) in studies only using biochar obtained from hazelnut shell. While the time of equilibrium in the aqueous solution containing copper ions was determined to be 75 min for walnut shell char, this duration was 30 min for hazelnut shell char. The experimental results were investigated in terms of Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherm models. Together with the calculated thermodynamic parameters, the adsorption mechanism was explained. In order to determine the kinetic model of the adsorption process, the experimental data were applied to pseudo first-order, pseudo second-order and intra-particle diffusion models, and the model constants were investigated.

scholarly journals Release of toxic methylene blue from water by mesoporous silicalite-1: characterization, kinetics and isotherm studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabarish Radoor ◽  
Jasila Karayil ◽  
Aswathy Jayakumar ◽  
Jyotishkumar Parameswaranpillai ◽  
Suchart Siengchin
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Dye Removal ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Aqueous Environment ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Adsorption Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

AbstractIn the present work, we have developed a mesoporous silicalite-1 using CMC as a template for the removal of MB from aqueous solution. The synthesized silicalite-1 were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX) and N2 adsorption–desorption isotherm (BET). XRD and FT-IR analysis confirmed the formation of crystallinity and development of MFI structure in the mesoporous silicalite-1. The adsorption of MB dye on mesoporous silicalite-1 was conducted by batch adsorption method. The effect of various parameters such as adsorbent dosage, initial dye concentration, contact time and temperature on the dye uptake ability of silicalite-1 was investigated. The operating parameters for the maximum adsorption are silicalite-1 dosage (0.1 wt%), contact time (240 min), initial dye concentration (10 ppm) and temperature (30 ℃). The MB dye removal onto mesoporous silicalite-1 followed pseudo-second-order kinetic and Freundlich isotherm. The silicalite-1 exhibits 86% removal efficiency even after six adsorption–desorption cycle. Therefore, the developed mesoporous silicalite-1 is an effective eco-friendly adsorbent for MB dye removal from aqueous environment.

scholarly journals Fly Ash Coated with Magnetic Materials: Improved Adsorbent for Cu (II) Removal from Wastewater

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Maria Harja ◽  
Gabriela Buema ◽  
Nicoleta Lupu ◽  
Horia Chiriac ◽  
Dumitru Daniel Herea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Copper Adsorption ◽  
X Ray

Fly ash/magnetite material was used for the adsorption of copper ions from synthetic wastewater. The obtained material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area, and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Batch adsorption experiments were employed in order to investigate the effects of adsorbent dose, initial Cu (II) concentration and contact time over adsorption efficiency. The experimental isotherms were modeled using Langmuir (four types of its linearization), Freundlich, Temkin, and Harkins–Jura isotherm models. The fits of the results are estimated according to the Langmuir isotherm, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 17.39 mg/g. The pseudo-second-order model was able to describe kinetic results. The data obtained throughout the study prove that this novel material represents a potential low-cost adsorbent for copper adsorption with improved adsorption capacity and magnetic separation capability compared with raw fly ash.

scholarly journals Removal of organic pollutants from produced water by batch adsorption treatment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eman Hashim Khader ◽  
Thamer Jassim Mohammed ◽  
Nourollah Mirghaffari ◽  
Ali Dawood Salman ◽  
Tatjána Juzsakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Powdered Activated Carbon ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Zeolite X

AbstractThis paper studied the adsorption of chemical oxygen demand (COD), oil and turbidity of the produced water (PW) which accompanies the production and reconnaissance of oil after treating utilizing powdered activated carbon (PAC), clinoptilolite natural zeolite (CNZ) and synthetic zeolite type X (XSZ). Moreover, the paper deals with the comparison of pollutant removal over different adsorbents. Adsorption was executed in a batch adsorption system. The effects of adsorbent dosage, time, pH, oil concentration and temperature were studied in order to find the best operating conditions. The adsorption isotherm models of Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin were investigated. Using pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models, the kinetics of oil sorption and the shift in COD content on PAC and CNZ were investigated. At a PAC adsorbent dose of 0.25 g/100 mL, maximum oil removal efficiencies (99.57, 95.87 and 99.84 percent), COD and total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) were identified. Moreover, when zeolite X was used at a concentration of 0.25 g/100 mL, the highest turbidity removal efficiency (99.97%) was achieved. It is not dissimilar to what you would get with PAC (99.65 percent). In comparison with zeolites, the findings showed that adsorption over PAC is the most powerful method for removing organic contaminants from PW. In addition, recycling of the consumed adsorbents was carried out in this study to see whether the adsorbents could be reused. Chemical and thermal treatment will effectively regenerate and reuse powdered activated carbon and zeolites that have been eaten. Graphic abstract

scholarly journals Biochar of Spent Coffee Grounds as Per Se and Impregnated with TiO2: Promising Waste-Derived Adsorbents for Balofloxacin

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 2295
Author(s):  
Marwa El-Azazy ◽  
Ahmed S. El-Shafie ◽  
Hagar Morsy
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Spent Coffee Grounds ◽  
Thermal Stabilities ◽  
Coffee Grounds ◽  
Bet Analysis ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

Biochars (BC) of spent coffee grounds, both pristine (SCBC) and impregnated with titanium oxide (TiO2@SCBC) were exploited as environmentally friendly and economical sorbents for the fluroquinolone antibiotic balofloxacin (BALX). Surface morphology, functional moieties, and thermal stabilities of both adsorbents were scrutinized using SEM, EDS, TEM, BET, FTIR, Raman, and TG/dT analyses. BET analysis indicated that the impregnation with TiO2 has increased the surface area (50.54 m2/g) and decreased the pore size and volume. Batch adsorption experiments were completed in lights of the experimental set-up of Plackett-Burman design (PBD). Two responses were maximized; the % removal (%R) and the adsorption capacity (qe, mg/g) as a function of four variables: pH, adsorbent dosage (AD), BALX concentration ([BALX]), and contact time (CT). %R of 68.34% and 91.78% were accomplished using the pristine and TiO2@SCBC, respectively. Equilibrium isotherms indicated that Freundlich model was of a perfect fit for adsorption of BALX onto both adsorbents. Maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) of 142.55 mg/g for SCBC and 196.73 mg/g for the TiO2@SCBC. Kinetics of the adsorption process were best demonstrated using the pseudo-second order (PSO) model. The adsorption-desorption studies showed that both adsorbents could be restored with the adsorption efficiency being conserved up to 66.32% after the fifth cycles.

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