scholarly journals Women in the Singlet Fission World: Pearls in a Semi-Open Shell

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 2922
Author(s):  
Joanna Stoycheva ◽  
Julia Romanova ◽  
Alia Tadjer
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cell ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Open Shell ◽  
Generation Process ◽  
Singlet Fission ◽  
Software Developers ◽  
Multiple Exciton Generation ◽  
Cell Technologies ◽  
The Subject

Singlet fission, a multiple exciton generation process, can revolutionize existing solar cell technologies. Offering the possibility to double photocurrent, the process has become a focal point for physicists, chemists, software developers, and engineers. The following review is dedicated to the female investigators, predominantly theorists, who have contributed to the field of singlet fission. We highlight their most significant advances in the subject, from deciphering the mechanism of the process to designing coveted singlet fission materials.

scholarly journals Multiple Exciton Generation in Isolated and Interacting Silicon Nanocrystals

Nanoscale ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Marri ◽  
Stefano Ossicini
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Solar Cell ◽  
Silicon Nanocrystals ◽  
Photovoltaic Systems ◽  
Multiple Exciton Generation ◽  
Important Challenge ◽  
Low Dimensional ◽  
Low Dimensional Materials

An important challenge in the field of renewable energy is the development of novel nanostructured solar cell devices which implement low-dimensional materials to overcome the limits of traditional photovoltaic systems....

DERADICALIZATION OF RETURNING FOREIGN FIGHTERS AND HOMEGROWN TERORRISTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 87-100
Author(s):  
DANILO VUJOVIĆ ◽  
NEDELJKO CVETKOVIĆ
Keyword(s):  
Focal Point ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
Security Risk ◽  
European Security ◽  
Preventive Work ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Foreign Fighters

In the last couple of years, with the prolification of the Migrant Crisis and the defeat of the Islamic State, the return of the foreign fighters, who went form Europe to the Caliphate and joined the local conflict, as well as the problem of the homegrown terrorism have become the focal point of almost all national security strategies of European countries. The situation that followed drove the authors to set the possible approaches to solving this challenge to European security as a goal for their research. The subject of this article encompasses the process of deradicalization, as the only humane way to deal with the problem at hand, as well as the process of radicalization, as necessary for understanding the formation of the individuals that pose a threat to the security of Europe. The article also tackles the preventive work directed at those social groups that are deemed susceptible to radicalization, as well as the use of individualized and holistic approach to the radicalized individuals. Special consideration is given to the programs of deradicalization as a form of institutionalized way of dealing with this type of a security risk. In the conclusion the authors give their own view of what is the most adeqaute approach when working with radicalized individuals and the role of certain elements of society in it.

scholarly journals Temperature Effect on Performance of Different Solar Cell Technologies

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 249-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jehad Adeeb ◽  
Alaa Farhan ◽  
Ahmed Al-Salaymeh
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cell ◽  
Temperature Effect ◽  
Cell Technologies

Cleaning in Crystalline Si Solar Cell Manufacturing

2012 ◽  
Vol 195 ◽  
pp. 283-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juergen Schweckendiek ◽  
Ronald Hoyer ◽  
Sebastian Patzig-Klein ◽  
Franck Delahaye ◽  
Gerry Knoch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cell ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Diffusion Coating ◽  
Production Lines ◽  
Si Solar Cell ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
Near Future

The large scale of production of modern PV manufacturing as well as the cost pressure demand a different approach to cleaning processes in semiconductor and PV applications. The subject of this presentation is, to highlight aspects of similarities and differences. Total added cost/m2of Si are estimated for typical PV manufacturing conditions and compared to semiconductor applications. Typical technical solutions are reviewed. They are compared to the anticipated technical and cost requirements in the near future according to PV roadmaps and cell concepts which are evident today. Starting with typical cleaning processes during the wafering (sawing, cleaning, separation) up to cell processing (texturing, diffusion, coating and plating) the main cleaning processes are presented and their specifics are indicated. Finally recontamination and conditioning in production lines are reviewed.

scholarly journals Multiple exciton generation in quantum dots versus singlet fission in molecular chromophores for solar photon conversion

2015 ◽  
Vol 373 (2044) ◽  
pp. 20140412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew C. Beard ◽  
Justin C. Johnson ◽  
Joseph M. Luther ◽  
Arthur J. Nozik
Keyword(s):  
Semiconductor Nanocrystals ◽  
Power Conversion ◽  
Photovoltaic Cell ◽  
Solar Fuels ◽  
Triplet States ◽  
Singlet Fission ◽  
Multiple Exciton Generation ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Solar Electricity ◽  
Conversion Efficiencies

Both multiple exciton generation (MEG) in semiconductor nanocrystals and singlet fission (SF) in molecular chromophores have the potential to greatly increase the power conversion efficiency of solar cells for the production of solar electricity (photovoltaics) and solar fuels (artificial photosynthesis) when used in solar photoconverters. MEG creates two or more excitons per absorbed photon, and SF produces two triplet states from a single singlet state. In both cases, multiple charge carriers from a single absorbed photon can be extracted from the cell and used to create higher power conversion efficiencies for a photovoltaic cell or a cell that produces solar fuels, like hydrogen from water splitting or reduced carbon fuels from carbon dioxide and water (analogous to biological photosynthesis). The similarities and differences in the mechanisms and photoconversion cell architectures between MEG and SF are discussed.

Cell technologies in the treatment of hip osteoarthritis

MedAlliance ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-33
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Hip Osteoarthritis ◽  
Current State ◽  
International Registry ◽  
Cell Technologies ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Common Clinical Practice ◽  
Clinical Experiment

SummaryThe article is dedicated to the current state and prospects of cell technologies in the treatment of hip osteoarthritis. The material is based on the analysis of clinical trials on this topic submitted to international registry СlinicalTrials.gov. It has been founded 5 clinical trials relevant to the theme. Only one of these trials was completed with the results pub-lished. It has been stated that the use of cell technologies for the treatment of hip osteoarthritis is still in the stage of a pilot clinical experiment. Thus, it can not yet be the subject of any translation into common clinical practice. At the same time, there is a reason to expect in the upcoming years a serious progress in this direction. This is indicated by the fact that, as of March 1, 2020, the СlinicalTrials.govregistry lists 4 active clinical trials in which the usage of cell technologies in the treatment of hip osteoarthritis is tested. Some of these trials have been already recruiting patients or are ready to begin the recruitment.

scholarly journals Unconventional Solar Energy: Singlet Fission

2019 ◽  
Vol 03 (01) ◽  
pp. 84-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josef Michl
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Solar Cell ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Excitation Energy ◽  
Triplet State ◽  
Excited Molecule ◽  
Singlet Fission ◽  
Single Junction ◽  
Simple Rules ◽  
Solar Cell Material

Described simply, singlet fission is a process in which a singlet excited molecule transfers about half of its excitation energy to a neighbor molecule, both end up in their triplet state, and the two triplet excitations diffuse apart. The process is of interest for solar cells. Used in conjunction with ordinary solar cell material, a layer of singlet-fission material offers an opportunity to utilize higher energy photons more efficiently. The maximum theoretical efficiency is then close to 1/2 instead of the Shockley-Queisser value of 1/3 that applies to an ordinary single-junction cell. The problem that prevents an immediate production of singlet fission solar cells is the dearth of sufficiently stable efficient materials. The formulation of simple rules for the design of suitable compounds for the purpose is discussed.

Phrygian rock-cut cult façades: a study of the function of the so-called shaft monuments

1998 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 87-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Berndt-Ersöz
Keyword(s):  
Focal Point ◽  
Volcanic Tuff ◽  
First Category ◽  
Mother Goddess ◽  
The Subject

The aim of this paper is to discuss different possibilities for the function of the shaft found behind certain Phrygian cult façades. The purpose of the shaft is unknown, but various theories exist.In the highlands of Phrygia, between Afyon and Eskişehir, around Türkmen Dağ, which is covered by volcanic tuff, the Phrygians created their sanctuaries and other monuments from the rock itself. These monuments have been the subject of study by several scholars. Haspels (1971, 3–19) gives a thorough account of earlier travellers and scholars. The rock-cut shrines and sanctuaries to be found in this area can be divided into two basic categories. The first category comprises monuments which consist of a façade, varying in size, generally depicting the front of a house and usually with a niche as its focal point. Sometimes there is no façade, just a niche. In the niche we can assume that the cult statue of the Phrygian Mother goddess Kybele was placed, as in a few cases the cult image of Kybele was cut straight from the rock and is still in situ.

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