Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Charantadiol A, Isolated from Wild Bitter Melon Leaf, on Heat-Inactivated Porphyromonas gingivalis-Stimulated THP-1 Monocytes and a Periodontitis Mouse Model

Porphyromonas gingivalis has been identified as one of the major periodontal pathogens. Activity-directed fractionation and purification processes were employed to identify bioactive compounds from bitter melon leaf. Ethanolic extract of bitter melon leaf was separated into five subfractions by open column chromatography. Subfraction-5-3 significantly inhibited P. gingivalis-induced interleukin (IL)-8 and IL-6 productions in human monocytic THP-1 cells and then was subjected to separation and purification by using different chromatographic methods. Consequently, 5β,19-epoxycucurbita-6,23(E),25(26)-triene-3β,19(R)-diol (charantadiol A) was identified and isolated from the subfraction-5-3. Charantadiol A effectively reduced P. gingivalis-induced IL-6 and IL-8 productions and triggered receptors expressed on myeloid cells (TREM)-1 mRNA level of THP-1 cells. In a separate study, charantadiol A significantly suppressed P. gingivalis-stimulated IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α mRNA levels in gingival tissues of mice, confirming the inhibitory effect against P. gingivalis-induced periodontal inflammation. Thus, charantadiol A is a potential anti-inflammatory agent for modulating P. gingivalis-induced inflammation.

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The role of the α7nAChR-mediated cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway in Hirschsprung associated enterocolitis

10.21203/rs.3.rs-17106/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Feng Chen ◽

Xiaoyu Wei ◽

Xiaohua Chen ◽

Lei Xiang ◽

Xinyao Meng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Western Blotting ◽

Mrna Level ◽

Underlying Mechanism ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Wild Type ◽

Inflammatory Pathway ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Phosphorylated Stat3 ◽

Morphology Changes

Abstract Background To investigate the role and the underlying mechanism of the α7nAChR-mediated cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway in the pathogenesis of Hirschsprung(HSCR) associated enterocolitis（HAEC）. Methods Experimental group:twenty-one-day-old Ednrb-/- mice were selected (n=10), with comparable-age wild type(Ednrb+/+) mice controls (n=10). Intestinal samples were collected. The experimental colons were divided into narrow and dilated segments according to morphology changes. The control colons were divided into distal and proximal segments.Colon HE staining was used to judge HAEC.Acetylcholine levels in colon was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Detected phosphorylated Jak2 (p-Jak2), Jak2, phosphorylated Stat3 (p-Stat3), Stat3, phosphorylated IκBα (p-IκBα) and IκBα were studied by Western blotting; mRNA levels of Jak2, Stat3, and IκBα were detected by RT-qPCR. Results Colon HE staining indicated that HAEC mainly occured in the dilated segments of HSCR mice (Ednrb-/- mice) (EDNRB-P).Acetylcholine content in EDNRB-P was significantly lower than that in the narrow segments (EDNRB-D) (P<0.05). Western blotting showed that the Jak2, p-Jak2, Stat3 and p-Stat3 levels in EDNRB-D were significantly higher than those in EDNRB-P (P<0.05). The p-IκBα and IκBα levels in EDNRB-P were significantly higher than those in EDNRB-D(P<0.05). The mRNA levels of Jak2 and Stat3 in EDNRB-D were higher than those in EDNRB-P, but the IκBα mRNA level was significantly lower than that in EDNRB-P (P<0.05). Conclusions During HAEC, the inflammation in the dilated segment was more severe ,while in the narrow segment there was no obvious inflammatory reaction and the content of acetylcholine was higher, which was associated with the α7nAChR-mediated cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway.

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Interleukin-8 and Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 Regulation in Oral Epithelial Cells by Selected Periodontal Bacteria: Multiple Effects of Porphyromonas gingivalis via Antagonistic Mechanisms

Infection and Immunity ◽

10.1128/iai.69.3.1364-1372.2001 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 69 (3) ◽

pp. 1364-1372 ◽

Cited By ~ 89

Author(s):

George T.-J. Huang ◽

Daniel Kim ◽

Jonathan K.-H. Lee ◽

Howard K. Kuramitsu ◽

Susan Kinder Haake

Keyword(s):

Epithelial Cells ◽

Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽

Adhesion Molecule ◽

Intercellular Adhesion ◽

Interleukin 8 ◽

Intercellular Adhesion Molecule ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Periodontal Pathogens ◽

Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 ◽

Gingival Epithelial Cells

ABSTRACT Interaction of bacteria with mucosal surfaces can modulate the production of proinflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules produced by epithelial cells. Previously, we showed that expression of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) by gingival epithelial cells increases following interaction with several putative periodontal pathogens. In contrast, expression of IL-8 and ICAM-1 is reduced after Porphyromonas gingivalis ATCC 33277 challenge. In the present study, we investigated the mechanisms that govern the regulation of these two molecules in bacterially infected gingival epithelial cells. Experimental approaches included bacterial stimulation of gingival epithelial cells by either a brief challenge (1.5 to 2 h) or a continuous coculture throughout the incubation period. The kinetics of IL-8 and ICAM-1 expression following brief challenge were such that (i) secretion of IL-8 by gingival epithelial cells reached its peak 2 h following Fusobacterium nucleatum infection whereas it rapidly decreased within 2 h after P. gingivalis infection and remained decreased up to 30 h and (ii) IL-8 and ICAM-1 mRNA levels were up-regulated rapidly 2 to 4 h postinfection and then decreased to basal levels 8 to 20 h after infection with either Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, F. nucleatum, or P. gingivalis. Attenuation of IL-8 secretion was facilitated by adherent P. gingivalis strains. The IL-8 secreted from epithelial cells after F. nucleatum stimulation could be down-regulated by subsequent infection with P. gingivalisor its culture supernatant. Although these results suggested that IL-8 attenuation at the protein level might be associated with P. gingivalis proteases, the Arg- and Lys-gingipain proteases did not appear to be solely responsible for IL-8 attenuation. In addition, while P. gingivalis up-regulated IL-8 mRNA expression, this effect was overridden when the bacteria were continuously cocultured with the epithelial cells. The IL-8 mRNA levels in epithelial cells following sequential challenge with P. gingivalis andF. nucleatum and vice versa were approximately identical and were lower than those following F. nucleatum challenge alone and higher than control levels or those following P. gingivalis challenge alone. Thus, together with the protease effect, P. gingivalis possesses a powerful strategy to ensure the down-regulation of IL-8 and ICAM-1.

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Pyruvate-induced Long-term Maintenance of Glutathione S-Transferase in Rat Hepatocyte Cultures

Alternatives to Laboratory Animals ◽

10.1177/026119290102900324 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 29 (3) ◽

pp. 335-346 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Tamara Vanhaecke ◽

André Foriers ◽

Albert Geerts ◽

Elizabeth A. Shephard ◽

Antoine Vercruysse ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mrna Level ◽

Rat Hepatocytes ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Strong Increase ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Glutathione S Transferase ◽

Albumin Secretion ◽

Rat Hepatocyte ◽

Hepatocyte Cultures ◽

Transmission Electron

The addition of pyruvate to the culture medium has been reported to improve the maintenance of P450-dependent enzyme expression in primary rat hepatocyte cultures. In this study, the effects of 30mM pyruvate on cell morphology, albumin secretion and glutathione S-transferase (GST) expression were investigated as a function of the time in culture. The effect of triiodothyronine (T3) exposure on GST expression was also measured in pyruvate-treated cultures. Transmission electron microscopy showed that untreated hepatocytes deteriorated after culture for 7 days, whereas the morphology of the pyruvate-treated cells was similar to that observed in intact liver tissue. The albumin secretion rate was significantly higher in rat hepatocytes exposed to pyruvate than in control cells. In the presence of pyruvate, μ and α class GST activities were well maintained, whereas GST π activity was increased over the entire culture period. HPLC analysis revealed that the complement of GST subunits present in hepatocytes is altered during culture with pyruvate: μ class proteins remained relatively constant, whereas a decrease in the a class content was accompanied by a strong increase in GST subunit P1 (GSTP1). The induction of GSTP1 was confirmed at the mRNA level. In control cultures, π class GST activity was increased, but total, μ, and α class GST activities continuously declined as a function of culture time and became undetectable beyond 7 days in culture. At the protein and mRNA levels, a much smaller increase in GSTP1 was observed than in the pyruvate cultures. When the pyruvate-treated cell cultures were exposed to T3, an inhibitory effect on GST activities and proteins was found. These results indicate that this simple culture model could be useful for studying the expression and regulation of GST.

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Quercetin Inhibits Inflammatory Response Induced by LPS from Porphyromonas gingivalis in Human Gingival Fibroblasts via Suppressing NF-κB Signaling Pathway

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2019/6282635 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Gang Xiong ◽

Wansheng Ji ◽

Fei Wang ◽

Fengxiang Zhang ◽

Peng Xue ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽

Interleukin 1 ◽

Human Gingival Fibroblasts ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Peroxisome Proliferator ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Gingival Fibroblasts ◽

Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Quercetin, a natural flavonol existing in many food resources, has been reported to be an effective antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory agent for restricting the inflammation in periodontitis. In this study, we aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of quercetin on Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) stimulated human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs). HGFs were pretreated with quercetin prior to LPS stimulation. Cell viability was evaluated by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The levels of inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), along with chemokine interleukin-8 (IL-8), were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The mRNA levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, IκBα, p65 subunit of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ), liver X receptor α (LXRα), and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) were measured by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). The protein levels of IκBα, p-IκBα, p65, p-p65, PPAR-γ, LXRα, and TLR4 were characterized by Western blotting. Our results demonstrated that quercetin inhibited the LPS-induced production of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α in a dose-dependent manner. It also suppressed LPS-induced NF-κB activation mediated by TLR4. Moreover, the anti-inflammatory effects of quercetin were reversed by the PPAR-γ antagonist of GW9662. In conclusion, these results suggested that quercetin attenuated the production of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α in P. gingivalis LPS-treated HGFs by activating PPAR-γ which subsequently suppressed the activation of NF-κB.

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Periodontal dysbiosis linked to periodontitis is associated with cardiometabolic adaptation to high-fat diet in mice

AJP Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpgi.00424.2015 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 310 (11) ◽

pp. G1091-G1101 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Maxime Branchereau ◽

François Reichardt ◽

Pascale Loubieres ◽

Pauline Marck ◽

Aurélie Waget ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Loss ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Alveolar Bone ◽

Alveolar Bone Loss ◽

Metabolic Adaptation ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Periodontal Pathogens ◽

High Fat ◽

Cardiac Phenotype ◽

Periodontal Inflammation

Periodontitis and type 2 diabetes are connected pandemic diseases, and both are risk factors for cardiovascular complications. Nevertheless, the molecular factors relating these two chronic pathologies are poorly understood. We have shown that, in response to a long-term fat-enriched diet, mice present particular gut microbiota profiles related to three metabolic phenotypes: diabetic-resistant (DR), intermediate (Inter), and diabetic-sensitive (DS). Moreover, many studies suggest that a dysbiosis of periodontal microbiota could be associated with the incidence of metabolic and cardiac diseases. We investigated whether periodontitis together with the periodontal microbiota may also be associated with these different cardiometabolic phenotypes. We report that the severity of glucose intolerance is related to the severity of periodontitis and cardiac disorders. In detail, alveolar bone loss was more accentuated in DS than Inter, DR, and normal chow-fed mice. Molecular markers of periodontal inflammation, such as TNF-α and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 mRNA levels, correlated positively with both alveolar bone loss and glycemic index. Furthermore, the periodontal microbiota of DR mice was dominated by the Streptococcaceae family of the phylum Firmicutes, whereas the periodontal microbiota of DS mice was characterized by increased Porphyromonadaceae and Prevotellaceae families. Moreover, in DS mice the periodontal microbiota was indicated by an abundance of the genera Prevotella and Tannerella, which are major periodontal pathogens. PICRUSt analysis of the periodontal microbiome highlighted that prenyltransferase pathways follow the cardiometabolic adaptation to a high-fat diet. Finally, DS mice displayed a worse cardiac phenotype, percentage of fractional shortening, heart rhythm, and left ventricle weight-to-tibia length ratio than Inter and DR mice. Together, our data show that periodontitis combined with particular periodontal microbiota and microbiome is associated with metabolic adaptation to a high-fat diet related to the severity of cardiometabolic alteration.

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Anti-Inflammatory Investigations of Extracts of Zanthoxylum rhetsa

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2021/5512961 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-15

Author(s):

Chureeporn Imphat ◽

Pakakrong Thongdeeying ◽

Arunporn Itharat ◽

Sumalee Panthong ◽

Sunita Makchuchit ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

No Production ◽

Water Distillation ◽

Raw264.7 Macrophages ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Inflammatory Effect

Zanthoxylum rhetsa has been consumed in the diet in northern Thailand and also used as a medicament in ancient scripture for arthropathies. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the activity of various extracts from differential parts of Z. rhetsa via inhibition of inflammatory mediators (NO, TNF-α, and PGE2) in RAW264.7 macrophages. The chemical composition in active extracts was also analyzed by GC/MS. The parts of this plant studied were whole fruits (F), pericarp (P), and seed (O). The methods of extraction included maceration in hexane, 95% ethanol and 50% ethanol, boiling in water, and water distillation. The results demonstrated that the hexane and 95% ethanolic extract from pericarp (PH and P95) and seed essential oil (SO) were the most active extracts. PH and P95 gave the highest inhibition of NO production with IC50 as 11.99 ± 1.66 μg/ml and 15.33 ± 1.05 μg/ml, respectively, and they also showed the highest anti-inflammatory effect on TNF-α with IC50 as 36.08 ± 0.55 μg/ml and 34.90 ± 2.58 μg/ml, respectively. PH and P95 also showed the highest inhibitory effect on PGE2 but less than SO with IC50 as 13.72 ± 0.81 μg/ml, 12.26 ± 0.71 μg/ml, and 8.61 ± 2.23 μg/ml, respectively. 2,3-Pinanediol was the major anti-inflammatory compound analyzed in PH (11.28%) and P95 (19.82%) while terpinen-4-ol constituted a major anti-inflammatory compound in SO at 35.13%. These findings are the first supportive data for ethnomedical use for analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity in acute (SO) and chronic (PH and P95) inflammation.

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Mesenchymal Stem Cells Loaded with Gelatin Microcryogels Attenuate Renal Fibrosis

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2019/6749326 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Xiaodong Geng ◽

Quan Hong ◽

Kun Chi ◽

Shuqiang Wang ◽

Guangyan Cai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Kidney Diseases ◽

Mrna Level ◽

Collagen Iv ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Induced Expression ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Background. The treatment of chronic kidney diseases (CKDs) by different approaches using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has made great strides. In this study, we aimed to explore the potential mechanism of gelatin microcryogels (GMs) as a cell therapeutic vector to block the progression of CKD. Methods. In vivo, the pedicled omentum valve with MSC-loaded GMs was packed onto 5/6 nephrectomized kidneys derived from rats. The therapeutic effects were evaluated. In vitro, TNF-α, TGF-β, and MSCs were added to the medium of the HK-2 cell culture system, and key genes involved in anti-inflammatory and antifibrosis effects were evaluated by qPCR. Results. After 12 weeks of MSC transplantation, kidney functions, such as serum creatinine, urea nitrogen, and 24-hour urine protein, were significantly improved. The pedicled omentum valve was packed with MSC-loaded GMs onto the 5/6 nephrectomized kidney, and the expressions of collagen IV, α-SMA, and TGF-β were all evaluated by immunohistochemical staining and western blot analysis. MSC-loaded-GMs also showed antifibrotic effects by inducing the upregulation of HO-1, BMP-7, and HGF and the downregulation of MCP-1 at the mRNA level. Four weeks after MSC-loaded GM treatment, we found that the mRNA levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were clearly reduced. MSC-conditional medium (MSC-CM) showed that the TNF-α-induced expression of IL-8 and IL-6 mRNA was reversed; E-cadherin mRNA was upregulated; and the TGF-β-induced expression of collagen IV, α-SMA, and fibronectin (FN) mRNA in HK-2 cells was reduced. Conclusions. We demonstrated that the pedicled omentum valve packed with MSC-loaded GMs had a renal protective effect on the 5/6 nephrectomized kidney by observing the anti-inflammatory and antifibrosis effects.

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Novel lipid mediator aspirin-triggered lipoxin A4 induces heme oxygenase-1 in endothelial cells

AJP Cell Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpcell.00045.2005 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 289 (3) ◽

pp. C557-C563 ◽

Cited By ~ 75

Author(s):

V. Nascimento-Silva ◽

M. A. Arruda ◽

C. Barja-Fidalgo ◽

C. G. Villela ◽

I. M. Fierro

Keyword(s):

Endothelial Cells ◽

Heme Oxygenase ◽

Competitive Inhibitor ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Lipid Mediator ◽

Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Independent Manner ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Underlying Mechanisms

Lipoxins (LX) and aspirin-triggered LX (ATL) are eicosanoids generated during inflammation via transcellular biosynthetic routes that elicit distinct anti-inflammatory and proresolution bioactions, including inhibition of leukocyte-mediated injury, stimulation of macrophage clearance of apoptotic neutrophils, repression of proinflammatory cytokine production, and inhibition of cell proliferation and migration. Recently, it was reported that aspirin induces heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression on endothelial cells (EC) in a COX-independent manner, what confers protection against prooxidant insults. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we investigated whether an aspirin-triggered lipoxin A4 stable analog, 15-epi-16-( para-fluoro)-phenoxy-lipoxin A4 (ATL-1) was able to induce endothelial HO-1. Western blot analysis showed that ATL-1 increased HO-1 protein expression associated with increased mRNA levels on EC in a time- and concentration-dependent fashion. This phenomenon appears to be mediated by the activation of the G protein-coupled LXA4 receptor because pertussis toxin and Boc-2, a receptor antagonist, significantly inhibited ATL-1-induced HO-1 expression. We demonstrate that treatment of EC with ATL-1 inhibited VCAM and E-selectin expression induced by TNF-α or IL-1β. This inhibitory effect of the analog is modulated by HO-1 because it was blocked by SnPPIX, a competitive inhibitor that blocks HO-1 activity. Our results establish that ATL-1 induces HO-1 in human EC, revealing an undescribed mechanism for the anti-inflammatory activity of these lipid mediators.

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Antibacterial and Anti-inflammatory Potential of Morus alba Stem Extract

The Open Dentistry Journal ◽

10.2174/1874210601812010265 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 265-274 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ichaya Yiemwattana ◽

Niratcha Chaisomboon ◽

Kusuma Jamdee

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Minimal Bactericidal Concentration ◽

Periodontal Pathogens ◽

Zones Of Inhibition ◽

Stem Extract ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Background: Periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory disease, is the leading cause of tooth loss in adults. Evidence for the anti inflammatory activity of M. alba Stem Extract (MSE) in periodontal disease is limited. Objective: The study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of MSE on the growth of periodontopathic bacteria and expression of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 in Porphyromonas gingivalis Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated human Periodontal Ligament (hPDL) fibroblasts. Methods: The antimicrobial activities of MSE were tested against P. gingivalis and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans by the disk diffusion, the minimum inhibitory concentration and the minimal bactericidal concentration methods. Cytotoxicity of P. gingivalis LPS and MSE on hPDL fibroblasts was determined by MTS assay. The expression of cytokines (IL-6 and IL-8) mRNA and proteins in hPDL fibroblasts was measured using the reverse transcription-qPCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Results: MSE exhibited antibacterial activities against P. gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans with the zones of inhibition of 10.00 ± 0.33 mm and 17.33 ± 0.58 mm, respectively. MIC and MBC values for MSE against P. gingivalis were 62.5 μg/ml. The MIC and MBC values against A. actinomycetemcomitans were 250 μg/mL and 500 μg/ml, respectively. P. gingivalis LPS was shown to mediate the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in hPDL fibroblasts. However, treatment with MSE concentrations of 2.5 and 5.0 μg/ml significantly suppressed P. gingivalis LPS-induced IL-6 and IL-8 mRNA and protein expression (p< 0.05). Conclusion: The present study demonstrates that MSE has antibacterial activity against two putative periodontal pathogens. MSE suppressed IL-6 and IL-8 expression in P. gingivalis LPS-stimulated hPDL fibroblasts, indicating a possible anti-inflammatory effect. Thus, it is a potential adjunctive agent for the treatment of periodontitis.

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Anti-inflammatory Effect of Woodfordia fructicosa Leaves Ethanolic Extract on Adjuvant and Carragenan Treated Rats

Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1871523018666190222120127 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 103-112

Author(s):

Hem Raj ◽

Avneet Gupta ◽

Neeraj Upmanyu

Keyword(s):

Animal Models ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

Paw Edema ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Traditional Use ◽

Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Background: Woodfordia fructicosa is used traditionally for the treatment of inflammation associated with arthritis. Methods: In the present study, the anti-inflammatory activity of W. fructicosa (WFE) leaves ethanolic extract was assessed in Sprague Dawley rats by giving 200 mg/kg dose orally. Inflammation was studied by using carrageenan induced paw edema, Freund’s adjuvant (FA) and monosodium iodo acetate (MIA) induced arthritis as animal models. Serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) was estimated in blood sample of animals treated with FA. The one way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s test was used for statistical analysis. Results: WFE significantly decreased (P<0.05, P<0.001) paw thickness in carrageenan induced paw edema and FA induced arthritis. The significant decrease in knee diameter (P<0.001) in MIA induced arthritis as well as inhibitory effect (P<0.001) on elevated TNF- α was observed. Conclusion: These results showed that the WFEexerted an inhibitory effect on TNF-α and carrageenan paw edema which may justify its traditional use in inflammatory conditions. Thus, the study shows that leaves of W. fruticose afford anti-inflammatory activity by preventing the inflammation in different animal models.

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