The Effects of Formulation on Imidacloprid Dissipation in Grapes and Vine Leaves and on Required Pre-Harvest Intervals under Lebanese Climatic Conditions

In this study, imidacloprid, a systemic insecticide, currently having a specified European Commission MRL value for vine leaves (2 mg kg−1), was applied on a Lebanese vineyard under different commercial formulations: as a soluble liquid (SL) and water dispersible granules (WDG). In Lebanon, many commercial formulations of imidacloprid are subject to the same critical good agricultural practice (cGAP). It was, therefore, important to verify the variability in dissipation patterns according to matrix nature and formulation type. Random samplings of grapes and vine leaves were performed starting at 2 days until 18 days after treatment. Residue extractions were performed according to the QuEChERS method and the analytical determination using liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS). The SL formulation yielded significantly higher initial deposit than the WDG formulation on grapes and vine leaves. The formulation type did not significantly affect the dissipation rates; the estimated half-lives in grapes and vine leaves were 0.5 days for all imidacloprid formulations. No pre-harvest intervals were necessary on grapes. PHIs of 3.7 days for the SL formulation and 2.8 days for the WDG formulation were estimated on vine leaves. The results showed that the type of formulation and the morphological and physiological characteristics of the matrix had an effect on the initial deposits, and thus residue levels, but not on the dissipation patterns.

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Breeding and usage of sugar beet cultivars and hybrids resistant to sugar beet nematode Heterodera schachtii

Agricultural science and practice ◽

10.15407/agrisp2.01.012 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 12-22 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

L. Pylypenko ◽

K. Kalatur

Keyword(s):

Sugar Beet ◽

Sugar Content ◽

Production Capacity ◽

Nematode Resistance ◽

Control Measures ◽

Heterodera Schachtii ◽

Yield Reduction ◽

Agricultural Practice ◽

Germplasm Exchange ◽

Good Agricultural Practice

Heterodera schachtii Schmidt, 1871 is one of the most economically important pests of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) worldwide. It is also widespread in most sugar beet growing regions in Ukraine causing serious yield reduction and decreasing sugar content of sugar beet in infested fi elds. An advanced parasitic strategy of H. schachtii is employed to support nematode growth, reproduction and harmfulness. In intensive agriculture systems the nematode control measures heavily rely on nematicides and good agricultural practice (crop rota- tion in the fi rst place). But alternative strategies based on nematode resistant sugar beet cultivars and hybrids are required as none of nematicides approved for the open fi eld application are registered in Ukraine. Here we review the achievements and problems of breeding process for H. schachtii resistance and provide the results of national traditional breeding program. Since the beginning of 1980s fi ve sugar beet cultivars (Verchnyatskyi 103, Yaltuschkivska 30, Bilotcerkivska 45, BTs-40 and Yuvileynyi) and seventeen lines partly resistant or toler- ant to H. schachtii have been obtained throughout targeted crossing and progenies assessment in the infested fi elds. The further directions for better utilization of genetic sources for nematode resistance presented in na- tional gene bank collection are emphasized. There is a need for more accurate identifi cation of resistance genes, broader application of reliable molecular markers (suitable for marker-assisted selection of nematode resistant plants in the breeding process) and methods for genetic transformation of plants. Crop cash value and national production capacity should drive the cooperation in this fi eld. Knowledge as well as germplasm exchange are thereby welcomed that can benefi t breeding progress at national and international level.

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Penerapan Teknologi Budidaya Tanaman Jahe di Pekarangan Berbasis Pertanian Sehat di Desa Bokor, Kabupaten Malang

Jurnal Pengabdian Pada Masyarakat ◽

10.30653/002.202051.254 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 45-50

Author(s):

Husni Thamrin Sebayang ◽

Kartika Yurlisa ◽

Eko Widaryanto ◽

Nurul Aini ◽

Nur Azizah

Keyword(s):

Community Service ◽

Agricultural Practice ◽

Plant Cultivation ◽

Good Agricultural Practice ◽

Cultivation Technology ◽

Planting Materials ◽

High Yields ◽

The Right ◽

Farm Business ◽

Cultivation Techniques

APPLICATION OF GINGER PLANT CULTIVATION TECHNOLOGY IN THE YARD BASED ON HEALTH AGRICULTURE IN BOKOR VILLAGE, MALANG DISTRICT. House yard is one of the lands that have the potential to be developed. The yard can be used by growing high-value commodity crops. To get high yields and productivity, Farmers must choose the right and proper cultivation techniques. Besides, to get the results in the form of healthy food products, the cultivation process must be carried out by reducing the input of chemical compounds into the farm business. Therefore, community service activities were carried out in Bokor Village, Tumpang Subdistrict, Malang Regency. It was aimed to utilize the house yard by planting ginger based on healthy agriculture. The target group is farmers in the Subur Farmers Group. The stages of activities which were carried out were counseling on the use of house yards, training in ginger cultivation, providing assistance in planting materials and media, and making demonstration plots. The results of community service show that farmers want to try to use the yard by planting ginger in their yard. It also increased knowledge of farmers about ginger cultivation following Good Agricultural Practice so that the use of the yard with proper agriculture-based ginger cultivation can be developed.

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PEMBERDAYAAN PETANI JERUK MELALUI BADAN USAHA MILIK DESA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PENDAPATAN MASYARAKAT (Desa Sumbersekar, Kecamatan Dau, Kabupaten Malang)

J-Dinamika ◽

10.25047/jdinamika.v6i1.2522 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 193-204

Author(s):

Zainol Arifin ◽

Cahyo Sasmito ◽

Cakti Indra Gunawana

Keyword(s):

Agricultural Practice ◽

Good Agricultural Practice ◽

Practice Gap

Sebagai penopang pendapatan asli desa sumbersekar, untuk meningkatkan asli pendapatan desa sumbersekar Dau Malang, maka tuntutan kedepan adalah membayar pajak desa sesuai dengan ketentuan. Untuk itu sebagai masyarakat petani umumnya Desa Sumbersekar memiliki potensi antara lain, padi, jagung, singkong, dan Jeruk merupakan hal yang perlu ditingkatkan produksinya. Pelatihan Manajemen Badan Usaha Milik Desa (BUMDES) :Manajemen SDM dalam hal perencanaan, pengorganisasian, pemahaman dan pendefinisian terhadap kerja sehingga masing-masing divisi memahami tugas dan fungsinya serta dapat meningkatkan kinerja dari divisi. Selain itu, dalam hal perencanaan program kerja perlu diberikan pembinaan tentang pembuatan program kerja yang terjadwal sehingga program kerja menjadi lebih terarah dan dapat meningkatkan kinerja daripada Badan usaha Milik Desa. Manajemen keuangan, dalam hal pembukuan atau pencatatan transaksi keuangan sehingga mereka dapat mengetahui berapa besarnya pemasukan dan pengeluaran setiap musimnya, dengan pembuatan jurnal sederhana untuk mencatat setiap transaksi keuangan, maka dapat membentuk arus kas serta melakukan analisis terhadap arus kas untuk setiap musimnya, sehingga dapat menjadi pedoman atau acuan bagi usaha masyarakat dan petani jeruk dalam hal perencanaan keuangan sehingga hutang atau pinjaman yang tidak terduga dapat diminimalisir. Pelatihan Model Pemberdayaan Petani Jeruk, Cara Pemupukan, dan Panen, serta penyimpanan yang baik dan benar. Pelatihan teknologi budidaya tanaman Jeruk sesuai dengan standart good agricultural practice (GAP). Untuk meningkatkan kualitas dan kuantitas bahan baku yang dipakai sebagai sari jeruk. Pelatihan pemanfaatan teknologi tepat guna. Kedepan BUMDES pada tanaman Jeruk akan mampu memasarkan dan menjual produk mereka tanpa dibatasi oleh waktu dan tempat, sehingga akan mempercepat perkembangan usaha dan meningkatkan kesejahteraan usaha masyarakat petani jeruk .

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GOOD AGRICULTURAL PRACTICE - A STRICT DIRECTION IN FUTURE FOR SUSTAINABLE VEGETABLE CULTIVATION SYSTEMS IN RED RIVER DELTA, VIETNAM

Acta Horticulturae ◽

10.17660/actahortic.2013.1006.34 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 277-284 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

L.T. Nguyen ◽

M.H. Böhme

Keyword(s):

River Delta ◽

Red River ◽

Agricultural Practice ◽

Red River Delta ◽

Cultivation Systems ◽

Good Agricultural Practice ◽

Vegetable Cultivation

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Good Agricultural Practice (GAP)

Encyclopedia of the UN Sustainable Development Goals ◽

10.1007/978-3-319-95675-6_300044 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 399-399

Keyword(s):

Agricultural Practice ◽

Good Agricultural Practice ◽

Practice Gap

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DEVELOPING GOOD AGRICULTURAL PRACTICE SYSTEMS FOR DRAGON FRUIT FARMERS AND EXPORTERS IN VIETNAM: AN HOLISTIC APPROACH TO QUALITY SYSTEM CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT FOR A VIETNAMESE RESEARCH INSTITUTE

Acta Horticulturae ◽

10.17660/actahortic.2011.921.16 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 135-142

Author(s):

M.K. Rankin ◽

J.M. Campbell ◽

N.H. Hoang ◽

N.V. Hoa ◽

N.M. Chau

Keyword(s):

Holistic Approach ◽

Capacity Development ◽

Quality System ◽

System Capacity ◽

Agricultural Practice ◽

Dragon Fruit ◽

Good Agricultural Practice ◽

Research Institute

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A Modified QuEChERS Method for Determination of Pyrethroid Residues in Traditional Chinese Medicine Oral Liquids by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules24081470 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (8) ◽

pp. 1470 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Hou ◽

Chen ◽

Li ◽

Liao ◽

Tsunoda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽

Chinese Medicine ◽

Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽

High Performance ◽

Quechers Method ◽

Modified Quechers ◽

Pyrethroid Pesticides ◽

Oral Liquid ◽

The Matrix

Pyrethroid residues in traditional Chinese medicines have been a serious threat to the health and treatment of patients. However, because of the matrix complexity of traditional Chinese medicine, the detection of pyrethroid residues remains a challenge. Therefore, we developed a QuEChERS method coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography and ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV) for the determination of pyrethroid pesticides in three kinds of traditional Chinese medicine oral liquid preparations, and we investigated and optimized the extraction conditions. The matrix effect was estimated in the organic solvent and the actual samples by comparing the slopes of calibration curves, and the results showed that the matrix effect is not significant when using the modified QuEChERS method. The pyrethroid pesticides could be completely separated in 30 min. The linear correlation coefficients were more than 0.999, and the recoveries of all the pyrethroid pesticides ranged from 87.2% to 104.8%. The intra-day precisions (n = 5) were 2.44–4.62%, and the inter-day precisions (n = 5) were 1.06–3.02%. Moreover, the limits of detection were in the range of 0.007–0.018 ng mL-1, while the limits of quantitation were in the range of 0.022–0.057 ng mL-1. This simple, low-cost, and highly sensitive analytical method can be a potential tool for the analysis of pyrethroid residues in traditional Chinese medicine oral liquid preparations.

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A Review on Mycotoxins and Microfungi in Spices in the Light of the Last Five Years

Toxins ◽

10.3390/toxins12120789 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (12) ◽

pp. 789

Author(s):

Darina Pickova ◽

Vladimir Ostry ◽

Jan Malir ◽

Jakub Toman ◽

Frantisek Malir

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Fungal Growth ◽

Good Manufacturing Practice ◽

Subtropical Climate ◽

Agricultural Practice ◽

The European Union ◽

Local Conditions ◽

Hygienic Practice ◽

Good Agricultural Practice ◽

Practice Gap

Spices are imported worldwide mainly from developing countries with tropical and/or subtropical climate. Local conditions, such as high temperature, heavy rainfall, and humidity, promote fungal growth leading to increased occurrence of mycotoxins in spices. Moreover, the lack of good agricultural practice (GAP), good manufacturing practice (GMP), and good hygienic practice (GHP) in developing countries are of great concern. This review summarizes recent data from a total of 56 original papers dealing with mycotoxins and microfungi in various spices in the last five years. A total of 38 kinds of spices, 17 mycotoxins, and 14 microfungi are discussed in the review. Worldwide, spices are rather overlooked in terms of mycotoxin regulations, which usually only cover aflatoxins (AFs) and ochratoxin A (OTA). In this paper, an extensive attention is devoted to the limits on mycotoxins in spices in the context of the European Union (EU) as well as other countries. As proven in this review, the incidence of AFs and OTA, as well as other mycotoxins, is relatively high in many spices; thus, the preparation of new regulation limits is advisable.

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Effects of the Use of Good Agricultural Practices on Aflatoxin Levels in Maize Grown in Nandi County, Kenya

Sci ◽

10.3390/sci2020026 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 26

Author(s):

Grace Nkirote Marete ◽

Laetitia Wakonyu Kanja ◽

James Mucunu Mbaria ◽

Mitchel Otieno Okumu ◽

Penina Afwande Ateku ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Agricultural Practices ◽

Aflatoxin Contamination ◽

Health Concern ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Agricultural Practice ◽

Public Health Concern ◽

Good Agricultural Practices ◽

Good Agricultural Practice ◽

Practice Gap ◽

The Mean

Aflatoxin contaminated maize is of public health concern in Kenya. Training farmers on good agricultural practice (GAP) has been touted as a mitigative measure. Little is known of the effect of such training on aflatoxin levels in maize grown in Kenya. This study evaluated what effect training farmers on GAP has on aflatoxin levels in maize grown in in maize grown in Kaptumo, Kilibwoni, and Kipkaren divisions in Nandi County. Ninety farmers were recruited for the study and interviewed on GAP. Maize samples were additionally collected from the participating farmers and analyzed for aflatoxins using competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (c-ELISA). All farmers prepared the land before planting, did correct spacing between the planted crops, carried out weeding, cleaned their stores before use, checked the condition of the maize after harvesting, sorted maize after shelling, and knew aflatoxins. A majority of the farmers (90%) used fertilizers, dried maize after harvesting, knew that aflatoxins were harmful to humans, and used clean transport in transporting the harvested maize. About 98% of farmers did stooking after harvesting and 97% used wooden pallets in the maize stores. The percentage of farmers who practiced early planting, top dressing, crop rotation, raising stores above the ground, applying insecticide after shelling and feeding damaged/rotten seeds to their animals was 84–96%, 62–80%, 67–85%, 86–98%, 63–81%, and 7–21% respectively. About 18/90 (20%) of all farmers reported that they had a relative who had died from liver cancer and the mean aflatoxin levels in season 1 were significantly different from season 2 (1.92 ± 1.07 ppb; 1.30 ± 1.50 ppb). Our findings suggest that although training farmers to adopt good agricultural practices was observed to be efficient in mitigating the problem of aflatoxins, the receptiveness of farmers to different aspects of the training may have differed. Therefore, in designing an optimized regional aflatoxin contamination strategy, local applicability should be considered.

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