scholarly journals Nanostructured Molybdenum-Oxide Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries: An Outstanding Increase in Capacity

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Hua Wang ◽  
Tianyi Li ◽  
Ahmed M. Hashem ◽  
Ashraf E. Abdel-Ghany ◽  
Rasha S. El-Tawil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Orange Peel ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Ammonium Molybdate ◽  
Reduced Form ◽  
Raman Scattering Spectroscopy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Initial Capacity

This work aimed at synthesizing MoO3 and MoO2 by a facile and cost-effective method using extract of orange peel as a biological chelating and reducing agent for ammonium molybdate. Calcination of the precursor in air at 450 °C yielded the stochiometric MoO3 phase, while calcination in vacuum produced the reduced form MoO2 as evidenced by X-ray powder diffraction, Raman scattering spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy images showed different morphologies and sizes of MoOx particles. MoO3 formed platelet particles that were larger than those observed for MoO2. MoO3 showed stable thermal behavior until approximately 800 °C, whereas MoO2 showed weight gain at approximately 400 °C due to the fact of re-oxidation and oxygen uptake and, hence, conversion to stoichiometric MoO3. Electrochemically, traditional performance was observed for MoO3, which exhibited a high initial capacity with steady and continuous capacity fading upon cycling. On the contrary, MoO2 showed completely different electrochemical behavior with less initial capacity but an outstanding increase in capacity upon cycling, which reached 1600 mAh g−1 after 800 cycles. This outstanding electrochemical performance of MoO2 may be attributed to its higher surface area and better electrical conductivity as observed in surface area and impedance investigations.

scholarly journals Electrochemical study on nickel aluminum layered double hydroxides as high-performance electrode material for lithium-ion batteries based on sodium alginate binder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinyue Li ◽  
Marco Fortunato ◽  
Anna Maria Cardinale ◽  
Angelina Sarapulova ◽  
Christian Njel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Electrode Material ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Negative Electrode ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Electrochemical Study ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Potential Range ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Storage Mechanism

AbstractNickel aluminum layered double hydroxide (NiAl LDH) with nitrate in its interlayer is investigated as a negative electrode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). The effect of the potential range (i.e., 0.01–3.0 V and 0.4–3.0 V vs. Li+/Li) and of the binder on the performance of the material is investigated in 1 M LiPF6 in EC/DMC vs. Li. The NiAl LDH electrode based on sodium alginate (SA) binder shows a high initial discharge specific capacity of 2586 mAh g−1 at 0.05 A g−1 and good stability in the potential range of 0.01–3.0 V vs. Li+/Li, which is better than what obtained with a polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF)-based electrode. The NiAl LDH electrode with SA binder shows, after 400 cycles at 0.5 A g−1, a cycling retention of 42.2% with a capacity of 697 mAh g−1 and at a high current density of 1.0 A g−1 shows a retention of 27.6% with a capacity of 388 mAh g−1 over 1400 cycles. In the same conditions, the PVDF-based electrode retains only 15.6% with a capacity of 182 mAh g−1 and 8.5% with a capacity of 121 mAh g−1, respectively. Ex situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and ex situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) reveal a conversion reaction mechanism during Li+ insertion into the NiAl LDH material. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and XPS have been combined with the electrochemical study to understand the effect of different cutoff potentials on the Li-ion storage mechanism. Graphical abstract The as-prepared NiAl-NO3−-LDH with the rhombohedral R-3 m space group is investigated as a negative electrode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). The effect of the potential range (i.e., 0.01–3.0 V and 0.4–3.0 V vs. Li+/Li) and of the binder on the material’s performance is investigated in 1 M LiPF6 in EC/DMC vs. Li. Ex situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and ex situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) reveal a conversion reaction mechanism during Li+ insertion into the NiAl LDH material. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and XPS have been combined with the electrochemical study to understand the effect of different cutoff potentials on the Li-ion storage mechanism. This work highlights the possibility of the direct application of NiAl LDH materials as negative electrodes for LIBs.

Silver mirror reaction metallized chromatography paper for supercapacitor application

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
I-Hsuan Chen ◽  
Jung-Hsien Chang ◽  
Ren-Jie Xie ◽  
Chia-Hui Tseng ◽  
Sheng-Rong Hsieh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flexible Electronics ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Supercapacitor Application ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Silver Mirror ◽  
Silver Mirror Reaction

Abstract In this study, the easy-to-operate silver mirror reaction (SMR) was used for metallizing chromatography paper. The SMR-metallized paper was characterized by water contact angle measurements, a surface profiler, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, UV-vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and electrical resistance measurement. The characterization results show that Ag was successfully synthesized on cellulose fibers and was electrically conductive after cyclic bending. Moreover, this SMR-metallized paper was used as electrodes for fabricating a supercapacitor. This SMR-metallized paper could be used for realizing cost-effective flexible electronics applied in on-site biochemical sensing in resource-limited settings.

Use of anti-solvent to enhance thermoelectric response of hybrid-halide perovskite thin films

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shrikant SAINI ◽  
Izuki Matsumoto ◽  
Sakura Kishishita ◽  
Ajay Kumar Baranwal ◽  
Tomohide Yabuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Performance Tuning ◽  
Charge Carrier Density ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Thermoelectric Energy Harvesting ◽  
Halide Perovskite

Abstract Hybrid halide perovskite has been recently focused on thermoelectric energy harvesting due to the cost-effective fabrication approach and ultra-low thermal conductivity. To achieve high performance, tuning of electrical conductivity is a key parameter that is influenced by grain boundary scattering and charge carrier density. The fabrication process allows tuning these parameters. We report the use of anti-solvent to enhance the thermoelectric performance of lead-free hybrid halide perovskite, CH3NH3SnI3, thin films. Thin films with anti-solvent show higher connectivity in grains and higher Sn+4 oxidation states which results in enhancing the value of electrical conductivity. Thin films were prepared by a cost-effective wet process. Structural and chemical characterizations were performed using x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The value of electrical conductivity and the Seebeck coefficient were measured near room temperature. The high value of power factor (1.55 µW/m.K2 at 320 K) was achieved for thin films treated with anti-solvent.

scholarly journals Organosilane-functionalization of nanostructured indium tin oxide films

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 20160056 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Pruna ◽  
F. Palacio ◽  
M. Martínez ◽  
O. Blázquez ◽  
S. Hernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Annealing Treatment ◽  
Electrochemical Analysis ◽  
Cyclic Voltammograms ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chip Technology ◽  
Significant Difference

Fabrication and organosilane-functionalization and characterization of nanostructured ITO electrodes are reported. Nanostructured ITO electrodes were obtained by electron beam evaporation, and a subsequent annealing treatment was selectively performed to modify their crystalline state. An increase in geometrical surface area in comparison with thin-film electrodes area was observed by atomic force microscopy, implying higher electroactive surface area for nanostructured ITO electrodes and thus higher detection levels. To investigate the increase in detectability, chemical organosilane-functionalization of nanostructured ITO electrodes was performed. The formation of 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GOPTS) layers was detected by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. As an indirect method to confirm the presence of organosilane molecules on the ITO substrates, cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were also carried out. Cyclic voltammograms of functionalized ITO electrodes presented lower reduction-oxidation peak currents compared with non-functionalized ITO electrodes. These results demonstrate the presence of the epoxysilane coating on the ITO surface. EIS showed that organosilane-functionalized electrodes present higher polarization resistance, acting as an electronic barrier for the electron transfer between the conductive solution and the ITO electrode. The results of these electrochemical measurements, together with the significant difference in the X-ray spectra between bare ITO and organosilane-functionalized ITO substrates, may point to a new exploitable oxide-based nanostructured material for biosensing applications. As a first step towards sensing, rapid functionalization of such substrates and their application to electrochemical analysis is tested in this work. Interestingly, oxide-based materials are highly integrable with the silicon chip technology, which would permit the easy adaptation of such sensors into lab-on-a-chip configurations, providing benefits such as reduced size and weight to facilitate on-chip integration, and leading to low-cost mass production of microanalysis systems.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Heart/Dumbbell-Like CuO Functional Nanostructures for the Development of Uric Acid Biosensor

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zafar Ibupoto ◽  
Aneela Tahira ◽  
Hamid Raza ◽  
Gulzar Ali ◽  
Aftab Khand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Nanostructured Material ◽  
Soft Template ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Growth Method ◽  
Enzyme Molecules ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Uric Acid Biosensor

It is always demanded to prepare a nanostructured material with prominent functional properties for the development of a new generation of devices. This study is focused on the synthesis of heart/dumbbell-like CuO nanostructures using a low-temperature aqueous chemical growth method with vitamin B12 as a soft template and growth directing agent. CuO nanostructures are characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques. CuO nanostructures are heart/dumbbell like in shape, exhibit high crystalline quality as demonstrated by XRD, and have no impurity as confirmed by XPS. Apparently, CuO material seems to be porous in structure, which can easily carry large amount of enzyme molecules, thus enhanced performance is shown for the determination of uric acid. The working linear range of the biosensor is 0.001 mM to 10 mM with a detection limit of 0.0005 mM and a sensitivity of 61.88 mV/decade. The presented uric acid biosensor is highly stable, repeatable, and reproducible. The analytical practicality of the proposed uric acid biosensor is also monitored. The fabrication methodology is inexpensive, simple, and scalable, which ensures the capitalization of the developed uric acid biosensor for commercialization. Also, CuO material can be used for various applications such as solar cells, lithium ion batteries, and supercapacitors.

scholarly journals Operando hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of LiCoO2 thin film in an all-solid-state lithium ion battery

2020 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 106790
Author(s):  
Hisao Kiuchi ◽  
Kazuhiro Hikima ◽  
Keisuke Shimizu ◽  
Ryoji Kanno ◽  
Fukunaga Toshiharu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
X Ray
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