scholarly journals Serum Non-Esterified Fatty Acids, Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness and Flow-Mediated Dilation in Older Adults: The Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS)

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 3052
Author(s):  
Neil K. Huang ◽  
Petra Bůžková ◽  
Nirupa R. Matthan ◽  
Luc Djoussé ◽  
Jorge R. Kizer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Palmitoleic Acid ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study ◽  
Flow Mediated Dilation ◽  
Carotid Imt

Backgrounds and aims: Elevated common carotid artery intima-media thickness (carotid IMT) and diminished flow-mediated dilation (FMD) are early subclinical indicators of atherosclerosis. Serum total non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentrations have been positively associated with subclinical atherosclerosis. The relations between individual NEFA, carotid IMT and FMD have as yet to be assessed. Methods: We investigated the associations between fasting serum individual NEFA, carotid IMT and FMD among Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) participants with (n = 255 for carotid IMT, 301 for FMD) or without (n = 1314 for carotid IMT, 1462 for FMD) known atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Using archived samples (fasting) collected from 1996–1997 (baseline), 35 individual NEFAs were measured using gas chromatography. Carotid IMT and estimated plaque thickness (mean of maximum internal carotid IMT) were determined in 1998–1999. FMD was measured in 1997–1998. Linear regression adjusted by the Holm-Bonferroni method was used to assess relations between individual NEFA, carotid IMT and FMD. Results: In multivariable adjusted linear regression models per SD increment, the non-esterified trans fatty acid conjugated linoleic acid (trans-18:2 CLA) was positively associated with carotid IMT [β (95% CI): 44.8 (19.2, 70.4), p = 0.025] among participants with, but not without, ASCVD [2.16 (−6.74, 11.5), p = 1.000]. Non-esterified cis-palmitoleic acid (16:1n-7c) was positively associated with FMD [19.7 (8.34, 31.0), p = 0.024] among participants without, but not with ASCVD. No significant associations between NEFAs and estimated plaque thickness were observed. Conclusions: In older adults, serum non-esterified CLA and palmitoleic acid were positively associated with carotid IMT and FMD, respectively, suggesting potential modifiable biomarkers for arteriopathy.

scholarly journals Serum Fasting Non-esterified Fatty Acids and Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness in Older Adults: The Cardiovascular Health Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1043-1043
Author(s):  
Neil Huang ◽  
Petra Bůžková ◽  
Nirupa Matthan ◽  
Luc Djoussé ◽  
Jorge Kizer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study ◽  
Fasting Serum ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
Linoelaidic Acid

Abstract Objectives Carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT) has been used as an early indicator of subclinical atherosclerosis. Multiple studies have identified significant associations between plasma total non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentrations and risk factors associated with subclinical atherosclerosis. However, the relationship between CIMT and serum NEFA is less clear. We hypothesized fasting serum total, individual saturated, and trans NEFA are positively associated with, and individual monounsaturated, n-6 polyunsaturated (PUFA) and n-3 PUFA NEFA are inversely associated with, CIMT. Methods We investigated the associations between fasting serum NEFA, and CIMT assessed in 1998–1999 among Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) participants (N = 1,569) not taking anti-diabetic medication. A total of 35 individual NEFAs were measured in stored specimens from 1996–1997 using gas chromatography. CIMT was determined using ultrasound images, and was defined as the sum of the maximum common CIMT at the far wall divided by its standard deviation (SD) and the maximum internal CIMT at the far wall divided by its SD. At baseline, mean age was 77.3 ± 4.2, body mass index (BMI) was 26.8 ± 4.3 and 64% were female. Associations were assessed by linear regression, with adjustments for other individual NEFAs, age, sex, race, field center, education, smoking, BMI, physical activity, alcohol consumption, eGFR, serum albumin, hyperglycemia, hypertension, use of anti-hypertensive, statin, and other lipid-lowering drugs. Results In adjusted models per SD increment, linoelaidic acid (trans18:2) was positively associated with CIMT [β (95% confidence interval): 10.4 (0.99, 19.8), P = 0.03], and α-linolenic acid (18:3n-3) was marginally associated with lower CIMT [−21.2 (−42.6, 0.2), P = 0.05]. No significant associations were observed between total NEFAs or any other individual NEFAs (SFA, MUFA, and n-6 PUFA) and CIMT. Conclusions In this large community-based cohort of older adults, higher concentration of linoelaidic acid was positively associated with CIMT, suggesting the importance of partially hydrogenated fat in the development of subclinical atherosclerosis in older adults. Overall, however, serum fasting NEFAs were largely unrelated to subclinical atherosclerosis in CHS participants. Funding Sources NIH, NHLBI, USDA.

Abstract P122: Plasma Fatty Acid Binding Protein 4 is Associated with the Incidence of Sudden Cardiac Death in Non-Diabetic Adults in the Cardiovascular Health Study

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luc Djousse ◽  
Marlena Maziarz ◽  
Mary L Biggs ◽  
Joachim H Ix ◽  
Jorge R Kizer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding Protein ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding ◽  
Acid Binding Protein ◽  
Diabetes Status

Background: Fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) is an adipokine that plays a role in lipid transport. Previous studies have reported that FABP4 may increase the risk of diabetes and exert negative inotropy on the myocardium. It is unknown whether plasma FABP4 is associated with the risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD). Objective: To test the hypothesis that plasma FABP4 is associated with a higher incidence of SCD in older adults and determine if diabetes status modifies this association. Methods: We prospectively analyzed data on 4,564 men and women aged 65+ years from the Cardiovascular Health Study. FABP4 was measured at baseline using ELISA and SCD events were adjudicated through review of medical records (inter-reviewer agreement of 88% and kappa of 0.74). We used Cox proportional hazards model to examine the association between FABP4 and SCD. Results: During a median follow up of 11.8 years, 146 new cases of SCD occurred. In a multivariable model adjusting for age, sex, race, clinic, education, glomerular filtration rate based on cystatin C, high-sensitive C-reactive protein, leisure time physical activity, hormone replacement therapy, alcohol intake, self-reported general health status, smoking, prevalent coronary heart disease, and prevalent heart failure, each higher standard deviation (SD) of plasma FABP4 was associated with a non-significant 14% (95% CI: -5% to 37%) higher risk of SCD. When stratified by prevalent diabetes status, FABP4 was associated with a higher risk of SCD in non-diabetic participants, [HR per SD of FABP4: 1.37 (95% CI: 1.11-1.67)] but not in diabetic participants [HR per SD of FABP4: 0.77 (95% CI: 0.52-1.15)], p for diabetes-FABP4 interaction was 0.026. Conclusion: A single measure of plasma FABP4 obtained later in life was associated with a higher risk of SCD among older adults without diabetes but not among those with diabetes. If confirmed in other studies, these data may point to novel mechanisms and opportunities for SCD prevention.

Carotid artery measures are strongly associated with left ventricular mass in older adults (A report from the cardiovascular health study)

1996 ◽  
Vol 77 (8) ◽  
pp. 628-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. Kronmal ◽  
Vivienne-Elizabeth Smith ◽  
Daniel H. O'Leary ◽  
Joseph F. Polak ◽  
Julius M. Gardin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Left Ventricular Mass ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study ◽  
Ventricular Mass

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Incident Carotid Artery Revascularization among Older Adults: The Cardiovascular Health Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parveen K. Garg ◽  
Willam J.H. Koh ◽  
Joseph A. Delaney ◽  
Ethan A. Halm ◽  
Calvin H. Hirsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Population-based risk factors for carotid artery revascularization are not known. We investigated the association between demographic and clinical characteristics and incident carotid artery revascularization in a cohort of older adults. Methods: Among Cardiovascular Health Study participants, a population-based cohort of 5,888 adults aged 65 years or older enrolled in two waves (1989-1990 and 1992-1993), 5,107 participants without a prior history of carotid endarterectomy (CEA) or cerebrovascular disease had a carotid ultrasound at baseline and were included in these analyses. Cox proportional hazards multivariable analysis was used to determine independent risk factors for incident carotid artery revascularization. Results: Over a mean follow-up of 13.5 years, 141 participants underwent carotid artery revascularization, 97% were CEA. Baseline degree of stenosis and incident ischemic cerebral events occurring during follow-up were the strongest predictors of incident revascularization. After adjustment for these, factors independently associated with an increased risk of incident revascularization were: hypertension (HR 1.53; 95% CI: 1.05-2.23), peripheral arterial disease (HR 2.57; 95% CI: 1.34-4.93), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HR 1.23 per standard deviation [SD] increment [35.4 mg/dL]; 95% CI: 1.04-1.46). Factors independently associated with a lower risk of incident revascularization were: female gender (HR 0.51; 95% CI: 0.34-0.77) and older age (HR 0.69 per SD increment [5.5 years]; 95% CI: 0.56-0.86). Conclusions: Even after accounting for carotid stenosis and incident cerebral ischemic events, carotid revascularization is related to age, gender, and cardiovascular risk factors. Further study of these demographic disparities and the role of risk factor control is warranted.

Abstract P560: Serum Non-esterified Fatty Acids and Risk of Incident Stroke in Older Adults: The Cardiovascular Health Study

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil K Huang ◽  
Nirupa R Matthan ◽  
Mary L Biggs ◽  
W T Longstreth ◽  
David S Siscovick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Palmitoleic Acid ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study ◽  
Fasting Serum ◽  
Esterified Fatty Acids

Introduction: Serum non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) have been linked to both local and systemic inflammation and are higher in individuals with obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and ischemic stroke risk. Significant associations between total plasma NEFA concentrations and incident ischemic stroke have been reported in some but not all prospective studies. Given the functional and structural diversity among circulating NEFA, the associations of individual or clusters of circulating NEFAs may provide additional insight into their relationship with incident stroke. Hypothesis: Fasting serum n-3 NEFAs are inversely associated, and saturated and trans NEFAs are positively associated with incident stroke. Methods: We analyzed the incidence of stroke among Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) participants who were free of stroke in 1996-1997 and underwent fasting NEFA profile measurement. At baseline, mean age was 77.8±4.5, body mass index was 26.7±4.4 and 61% were female. A total of 38 individual NEFAs in 5 classes (saturated, monounsaturated, polyunsaturated n-6, polyunsaturated n-3 and trans NEFAs) were measured using gas chromatography. Cox regression was used to evaluate the association of individual NEFA species with incident stroke, adjusting for: age, sex, race, and field center (model 1); model 1 covariates plus smoking, education, physical activity, alcohol consumption, eGFR, BMI, aspirin use, waist circumference, hypertension, prevalent diabetes, and cholesterol (model 2). Results: A total of 338 cases of incident stroke occurred during median follow-up of 10.5 years. In the fully adjusted model, trans -palmitoleic acid was inversely associated with incident stroke (HR per 1 mol% of NEFA composition: 0.03 [95% CI: 0.00 to 0.77], P <0.03). Serum docosahexaenoic acid levels were associated with lower risk of incident stroke (HR: 0.63 [95% CI: 0.40 to 1.00], P <0.05). Total n-3 fatty acids (HR: 0.78 [95% CI: 0.63 to 0.97]) and docosapentaenoic acid (HR: 0.12 [95% CI: 0.02 to 0.88]) were each associated with lower risk of incident stroke only in model 1. No significant association of saturated NEFAs with incidence of stroke was observed. Conclusion: Among fasting serum NEFA, docosahexaenoic acid and trans -palmitoleic acid were inversely associated with incident stroke, suggesting that these fatty acids may protect older adults from stroke.

scholarly journals Brachial Flow-Mediated Dilation and Risk of Atrial Fibrillation in Older Adults: The Cardiovascular Health Study

2021 ◽  
Vol Volume 17 ◽  
pp. 95-102
Author(s):  
Parveen K Garg ◽  
Traci M Bartz ◽  
Gregory Burke ◽  
John S Gottdiener ◽  
David Herrington ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study ◽  
Flow Mediated Dilation
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document