scholarly journals Epidemiology of Malnutrition among Children with Cerebral Palsy in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Findings from the Global LMIC CP Register

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 3676
Author(s):  
Israt Jahan ◽  
Mohammad Muhit ◽  
Denny Hardianto ◽  
Francis Laryea ◽  
Samuel Kofi Amponsah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Motor Impairment ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Background: This study aimed to describe the epidemiology of malnutrition among children with cerebral palsy (CP) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods: Data from children with confirmed CP aged <18 years registered into the Global LMIC CP Register (GLM CPR) from Bangladesh, Indonesia, Nepal, and Ghana were included. Anthropometric measurements were collected, and nutritional status was determined following the WHO guidelines. Descriptive statistics and adjusted logistic regression were used to describe the nutritional status and identify predictors of malnutrition. Results: Between January 2015 and December 2020, 3619 children with CP were registered into the GLM CPR (median age at assessment: 7.0 years, 39% female). Overall, 72–98% of children from Bangladesh, Indonesia, Nepal, and Ghana had at least one form of undernutrition. The adjusted analysis showed, older age, low maternal education, spastic tri/quadriplegia, and Gross Motor Functional Classification System (GMFCS) levels III–V were significant predictors of underweight and stunting among children with CP in Bangladesh. In Nepal, female children, GMFCS III–V had higher odds of underweight and stunting. In Ghana, low maternal education was significantly associated with underweight, whereas older age and the presence of associated impairments were the significant predictors of stunting among children with CP. Having a GMFCS of III–V increased the odds of being underweight among children in Indonesia; however, no predictors were identified for stunting, as nearly all children with CP registered from Indonesia were stunted. Conclusion: Most children with CP in GLM CPR had undernutrition. Maternal education and moderate-to-severe motor impairment (GMFCS III–V) were significant predictors. Practical nutrition education to mothers/caregivers and management guidelines according to the motor severity using local resources could improve the nutritional outcome of children with CP in LMICs.

scholarly journals Predictors of Rehabilitation Service Utilisation among Children with Cerebral Palsy (CP) in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMIC): Findings from the Global LMIC CP Register

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 848
Author(s):  
Mahmudul Hassan Al Imam ◽  
Israt Jahan ◽  
Mohammad Muhit ◽  
Denny Hardianto ◽  
Francis Laryea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Functional Limitation ◽  
Rehabilitation Service ◽  
Service Utilisation ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Background: We assessed the rehabilitation status and predictors of rehabilitation service utilisation among children with cerebral palsy (CP) in selected low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods: Data from the Global LMIC CP Register (GLM-CPR), a multi-country register of children with CP aged <18 years in selected countries, were used. Descriptive and inferential statistics (e.g., adjusted odds ratios) were reported. Results: Between January 2015 and December 2019, 3441 children were registered from Bangladesh (n = 2852), Indonesia (n = 130), Nepal (n = 182), and Ghana (n = 277). The proportion of children who never received rehabilitation was 49.8% (n = 1411) in Bangladesh, 45.8% (n = 82) in Nepal, 66.2% (n = 86) in Indonesia, and 26.7% (n = 74) in Ghana. The mean (Standard Deviation) age of commencing rehabilitation services was relatively delayed in Nepal (3.9 (3.1) year). Lack of awareness was the most frequently reported reason for not receiving rehabilitation in all four countries. Common predictors of not receiving rehabilitation were older age at assessment (i.e., age of children at the time of the data collection), low parental education and family income, mild functional limitation, and associated impairments (i.e., hearing and/or intellectual impairments). Additionally, gender of the children significantly influenced rehabilitation service utilisation in Bangladesh. Conclusions: Child’s age, functional limitation and associated impairments, and parental education and economic status influenced the rehabilitation utilisation among children with CP in LMICs. Policymakers and service providers could use these findings to increase access to rehabilitation and improve equity in rehabilitation service utilisation for better functional outcome of children with CP.

Data on cerebral palsy in Vietnam will inform clinical practice and policy in low and middle-income countries

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Tasneem Karim ◽  
Rachael Dossetor ◽  
Nguyen Thi Huong Giang ◽  
Trinh Quang Dung ◽  
Tran Vinh Son ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Low And Middle Income

scholarly journals Nonadult Supervision of Children in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Results from 61 National Population-Based Surveys

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 1564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mónica Ruiz-Casares ◽  
José Nazif-Muñoz ◽  
René Iwo ◽  
Youssef Oulhote
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Household Composition ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Socio Economic Factors ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Despite scarce empirical research in most countries, evidence has shown that young children are unsupervised or under the supervision of another young child while their adult caregivers attend work or engage in other activities outside the home. Lack of quality supervision has been linked to unintentional childhood injuries and other negative outcomes. Nationally representative, population-based data from rounds four and five of the Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS) and four to eight of the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) from 61 low- and middle-income countries were used to estimate prevalence and socio-economic factors associated with leaving children under five years old home alone or under the care of another child younger than 10 years of age. Socio-economic factors included age and sex of the child, rurality, wealth, maternal education, and household composition. Large variations in the prevalence rates (0.1–35.3% for children home alone and 0.2–50.6% for children supervised by another child) and associated factors have been recorded within and across regions and countries. Understanding why and under what conditions children are home alone or under the supervision of another child is crucial to the development of suitable policies and interventions to protect young children, promote healthy growth, and support caregivers.

scholarly journals Can Improved Legume Varieties Optimize Iron Status in Low- and Middle-Income Countries? A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1315-1324
Author(s):  
Linet N Mutwiri ◽  
Florence Kyallo ◽  
Beatrice Kiage ◽  
Bart Van der Schueren ◽  
Christophe Matthys
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Iron And Zinc ◽  
Low And Middle Income

ABSTRACT Iron and zinc deficiencies are some of the most widespread micronutrient deficiencies in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). Dietary diversification, food fortification, nutrition education, and supplementation can be used to control micronutrient deficiencies. Legumes are important staple foods in most households in LMIC. Legumes are highly nutritious (good sources of essential minerals, fiber, and low glycemic index) and offer potential benefits in addressing nutrition insecurity in LMIC. Several efforts have been made to increase micronutrient intake by use of improved legumes. Improved legumes have a higher nutrient bioavailability, lower phytate, or reduced hard-to-cook (HTC) defect. We hypothesize that consumption of improved legumes leads to optimization of zinc and iron status and associated health outcomes. Therefore, the objective of this review is to examine the evidence on the efficacy of interventions using improved legumes. Nine relevant studies are included in the review. Consumption of improved legumes resulted in a ≥1.5-fold increase in iron intake. Several studies noted modest improvements in biomarkers of iron status [hemoglobin (Hb), serum ferritin (SF), and transferrin receptor] associated with consumption of improved legumes. Currently, no efficacy studies assessing the relation between consumption of improved legumes and zinc status are available in the literature. Evidence shows that, in addition to repletion of biomarkers of iron status, consumption of improved legumes is associated with both clinical and functional outcomes. The prevalence of iron deficiency (ID) decreases with consumption of improved legumes, with increases of ≤3.0 g/L in Hb concentrations. Improvement in cognition and brain function in women has been reported as well. However, further research is necessary in more at-risk groups and also to show if the reported improvements in status markers translate to improved health outcomes. Evidence from the included studies shows potential from consumption of improved legumes suggesting them to be a sustainable solution to improve iron status.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document