Validity of FFQ Estimates of Total Sugars, Added Sugars, Sucrose and Fructose Compared to Repeated 24-h Recalls in Adventist Health Study-2 Participants

Sugar intake is a potentially important aspect of diet which has not previously been validated in the Adventist Health Study-2 (AHS-2). We sought to validate the food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) measurement of total sugars, added sugars, sucrose, and fructose against multiple 24-h dietary recalls (recalls) in AHS-2 participants. Food consumption data from a self-administered FFQ and six recalls from 904 participants were combined with nutrient profile data to estimate daily sugar intake. Validity was evaluated among all participants and by race. FFQ and recall means were compared and correlation coefficients (Spearman’s, energy-adjusted log-transformed Pearson’s, deattenuated Pearson’s) were calculated. Mean total energy, total sugars, and fructose intake were higher in the FFQ, whereas added sugars and sucrose were higher in recalls. The energy-adjusted (log-transformed) deattenuated correlations among all participants were: total sugars (r = 0.42, 95% CI 0.32–0.52), added sugars (r = 0.50, 95% CI 0.36–0.59), sucrose (r = 0.32, 95% CI 0.23–0.42), and fructose (r = 0.50, 95% CI 0.40–0.59). We observed moderate validity for added sugars and fructose and low-moderate validity for total sugars and sucrose measured by the AHS-2 FFQ in this population. Dietary sugar estimates from this FFQ may be useful in assessing possible associations of sugars intake with health outcomes.

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Comparison of phytosterol intake from FFQ with repeated 24-h dietary recalls of the Adventist Health Study-2 calibration sub-study

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114519000618 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 121 (12) ◽

pp. 1424-1430 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Rawiwan Sirirat ◽

Celine Heskey ◽

Ella Haddad ◽

Yessenia Tantamango-Bartley ◽

Gary Fraser ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Method Validation ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Health Study ◽

Strong Correlations ◽

Future Studies ◽

Disease Outcomes ◽

Cross Classification ◽

Using Data ◽

Flame Ionisation ◽

Adventist Health Study

AbstractWe evaluated the performance of an FFQ in estimating phytosterol intake against multiple 24-h dietary recalls (24HDR) using data from 1011 participants of the calibration sub-study of the Adventist Health Study-2 (AHS-2) cohort. Dietary assessments of phytosterol intake included a self-administered FFQ and six 24HDR and plasma sterols. Plasma sterols were determined using the GLC flame ionisation method. Validation of energy-adjusted phytosterol intake from the FFQ with 24HDR was conducted by calculating crude, unadjusted, partial and de-attenuated correlation coefficients (r) and cross-classification by race. On average, total phytosterol intake from the FFQ was 439·6 mg/d in blacks and 417·9 mg/d in whites. From the 24HDR, these were 295·6 mg/d in blacks and 351·4 mg/d in whites. Intake estimates of β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, other plant sterols and total phytosterols from the FFQ had moderate to strong correlations with estimates from 24HDR (r 0·41–0·73). Correlations were slightly higher in whites (r 0·42–0·73) than in blacks (r 0·41–0·67). FFQ estimates were poorly correlated with plasma sterols as well as 24HDR v. plasma sterols. We conclude that the AHS-2 FFQ provided reasonable estimates of phytosterol intake and may be used in future studies relating phytosterol intake and disease outcomes.

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Relationship between energy from added sugars and frequency of added sugars intake in Irish children, teenagers and adults

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114507853372 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 99 (5) ◽

pp. 1117-1126 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Triona Joyce ◽

Sinead N. McCarthy ◽

Michael J. Gibney

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Relationship ◽

Added Sugar ◽

Free Sugars ◽

Total Sugars ◽

Added Sugars ◽

Sugar Intake ◽

The North ◽

Food Consumption Survey ◽

Food And Beverage ◽

Food Diaries

A WHO report on diet, nutrition and the prevention of chronic diseases recommended that frequency of consumption of foods and/or drinks containing free sugars should be limited to a maximum of four times per d. In addition, they recommended a reduction in the intake of free sugars to a maximum of no more than 10 % of energy intake. These recommendations were developed with the aim of reducing the prevalence of dental caries. The aim of the present study was to establish if there is a quantitative relationship between energy from added sugars and frequency of added sugars intakes in Irish children, teenagers and adults. In addition, the intake of added and total sugars and main contributors to added sugar intakes were examined. Data for the present analysis were based on the North/South Ireland Food Consumption Survey (n1379; aged 18–64 years), the National Children's Food Survey (n594; aged 5–12 years) and the National Teen Food Survey (n441; aged 13–17 years) which used 7 d food diaries to collect food and beverage intake data in representative samples of Irish adults, children and teenagers respectively. Results showed that in adults, frequency of intake of added sugar intake of four times per d corresponded to a mean added sugar intake of 9 %, which was similar to the WHO recommendation. In children and teenagers, a frequency of intake of four times per d corresponded to a mean added sugar intake of 14·6 and 12·4 % respectively and was therefore not in agreement with the WHO recommendation.

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The Prospective Association of Dietary Sugar Intake in Adolescence With Risk Markers of Type 2 Diabetes in Young Adulthood

Frontiers in Nutrition ◽

10.3389/fnut.2020.615684 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

Author(s):

Karen A. Della Corte ◽

Katharina Penczynski ◽

Gunter Kuhnle ◽

Ines Perrar ◽

Christian Herder ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Sensitivity ◽

Young Adulthood ◽

Total Sugar ◽

Model Assessment ◽

Added Sugars ◽

Sugar Intake ◽

Inflammatory Score ◽

Dietary Records ◽

Dietary Sugar ◽

Prospective Association

Purpose: To examine the prospective relevance of dietary sugar intake (based on dietary data as well as urinary excretion data) in adolescent years for insulin sensitivity and biomarkers of inflammation in young adulthood.Methods: Overall 254 participants of the DONALD study who had at least two 3-day weighed dietary records for calculating intakes of fructose, glucose, sucrose, total, free, added sugars, total sugars from sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB), juice, and sweets/sugar or at least two complete 24 h urine samples (n = 221) for calculating sugar excretion (urinary fructose and urinary fructose + sucrose) in adolescence (females: 9–15 years, males: 10–16 years) and a fasting blood sample in adulthood (18–36 years), were included in multivariable linear regression analyses assessing their prospective associations with adult homeostasis model assessment insulin sensitivity (HOMA2-%S) and a pro-inflammatory score (based on CRP, IL-6, IL-18, leptin, chemerin, adiponectin).Results: On the dietary intake level, no prospective associations were observed between adolescent fructose, sucrose, glucose, added, free, total sugar, or total sugar from SSB, juice or sweets/sugar intake and adult HOMA2-%S (p > 0.01). On the urinary level, however, higher excreted fructose levels were associated with improved adult HOMA2-%S (p = 0.008) among females only. No associations were observed between dietary or urinary sugars and the adult pro-inflammatory score (p > 0.01).Conclusion: The present study did not provide support that dietary sugar consumed in adolescence is associated with adult insulin sensitivity. The one potential exception was the moderate dietary consumption of fructose, which showed a beneficial association with adult fasting insulin and insulin sensitivity.

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Short- and long-term reliability of adult recall of vegetarian dietary patterns in the Adventist Health Study-2 (AHS-2)

Journal of Nutritional Science ◽

10.1017/jns.2014.67 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Marcia C. Teixeira Martins ◽

Karen Jaceldo-Siegl ◽

Jing Fan ◽

Pramil Singh ◽

Gary E. Fraser

Keyword(s):

Dietary Patterns ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Health Study ◽

Animal Products ◽

Predictive Values ◽

Long Latency ◽

Overlap Population ◽

Short And Long Term ◽

Adventist Health Study

AbstractPast dietary patterns may be more important than recent dietary patterns in the aetiology of chronic diseases because of the long latency in their development. We developed an instrument to recall vegetarian dietary patterns during the lifetime and examined its reliability of recall over 5·3 and 32·6 years on average. The short-term/5-year recall ability study (5-RAS) was done using 24 690 participants from the cohort of the Adventist Health Study-2 (mean age 62·2 years). The long-term/33-year recall ability study (33-RAS) included an overlap population of 1721 individuals who joined the Adventist Health Study-1 and Adventist Health Study-2 (mean age 72·5 years). Spearman correlation coefficients for recall of vegetarian status were 0·78 and 0·72 for the 5-RAS and 33-RAS, respectively, when compared with ‘reference’ data. For both time periods sensitivity and positive predictive values were highest for the lacto-ovo-vegetarian and non-vegetarian patterns (vegans, lacto-ovo-vegetarians, pesco-vegetarians, semi-vegetarians and non-vegetarians). In the 5-RAS analyses, male, non-black, younger, and more educated participants, lifetime Adventists, and those with more stability of consumption of animal products generally showed higher recall ability. Somewhat similar tendencies were shown for the 33-RAS analyses. Our findings show that the instrument has higher reliability for recalled lacto-ovo-vegetarian and non-vegetarian than for vegan, semi- and pesco-vegetarian dietary patterns in both short- and long-term recalls. This is in part because these last dietary patterns were greatly contaminated by recalls that correctly would have belonged in the adjoining category that consumed more animal products.

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Habitual sugar intake and cognitive function among middle-aged and older Puerto Ricans without diabetes

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114511001760 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 106 (9) ◽

pp. 1423-1432 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Xingwang Ye ◽

Xiang Gao ◽

Tammy Scott ◽

Katherine L. Tucker

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Mmse Score ◽

Word List ◽

Total Sugars ◽

Added Sugars ◽

Sugar Intake ◽

Solid Foods ◽

Sweetened Beverages ◽

List Learning

Intake of added sugars, mainly fructose and sucrose, has been associated with risk factors for cognitive impairment, such as obesity, the metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. The objective of this analysis was to examine whether habitual intakes of total sugars, added sugars, sugar-sweetened beverages or sweetened solid foods are associated with cognitive function. The present study included 737 participants without diabetes, aged 45–75 years, from the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study, 2004–9. Cognitive function was measured with a battery of seven tests: Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), word list learning, digit span, clock drawing, figure copying, and Stroop and verbal fluency tests. Usual dietary intake was assessed with a validated FFQ. Greater intakes of total sugars, added sugars and sugar-sweetened beverages, but not of sugar-sweetened solid foods, were significantly associated with lower MMSE score, after adjusting for covariates. Adjusted OR for cognitive impairment (MMSE score < 24) were 2·23 (95 % CI 1·24, 3·99) for total sugars and 2·28 (95 % CI 1·26, 4·14) for added sugars, comparing the highest with lowest intake quintiles. Greater intake of total sugars was also significantly associated with lower word list learning score. In conclusion, higher sugar intake appears to be associated with lower cognitive function, but longitudinal studies are needed to clarify the direction of causality.

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Race-specific validation of food intake obtained from a comprehensive FFQ: the Adventist Health Study-2

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980011000735 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 14 (11) ◽

pp. 1988-1997 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

Karen Jaceldo-Siegl ◽

Jing Fan ◽

Joan Sabaté ◽

Synnove F Knutsen ◽

Ella Haddad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Food Group ◽

Seventh Day Adventist ◽

Health Study ◽

Food Groups ◽

The Usa ◽

Calibration Study ◽

Cross Classification ◽

Study Participants ◽

Adventist Health Study

AbstractObjectiveTo assess race-specific validity of food and food group intakes measured using an FFQ.DesignCalibration study participants were randomly selected from the Adventist Health Study-2 (AHS-2) cohort by church, and then by subject-within-church. Intakes of forty-seven foods and food groups were assessed using an FFQ and then compared with intake estimates measured using six 24 h dietary recalls (24HDR). We used two approaches to assess the validity of the questionnaire: (i) cross-classification by quartile and (ii) de-attenuated correlation coefficients.SettingSeventh-day Adventist church members geographically spread throughout the USA and Canada.SubjectsMembers of the AHS-2 calibration study (550 whites and 461 blacks).ResultsThe proportion of participants with exact quartile agreement in the FFQ and 24HDR averaged 46 % (range: 29–87 %) in whites and 44 % (range: 25–88 %) in blacks. The proportion of quartile gross misclassification ranged from 1 % to 11 % in whites and from 1 % to 15 % in blacks. De-attenuated validity correlations averaged 0·59 in whites and 0·48 in blacks. Of the forty-seven foods and food groups, forty-three in whites and thirty-three in blacks had validity correlations >0·4.ConclusionsThe AHS-2 questionnaire has good validity for most foods in both races; however, validity correlations tend to be higher in whites than in blacks.

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The past, present and future of food consumption databases

Orvosi Hetilap ◽

10.1556/oh.2012.29475 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 153 (43) ◽

pp. 1692-1700

Author(s):

Viktória Szűcs ◽

Erzsébet Szabó ◽

Diána Bánáti

Keyword(s):

Data Collection ◽

Food Consumption ◽

Age Groups ◽

Collection Method ◽

The Past ◽

Consumption Data ◽

Food Consumption Data ◽

International Projects ◽

Collection Methods ◽

The Eu

Results of the food consumption surveys are utilized in many areas, such as for example risk assessment, cognition of consumer trends, health education and planning of prevention projects. Standardization of national consumption data for international comparison is an important task. The intention work began in the 1970s. Because of the widespread utilization of food consumption data, many international projects have been done with the aim of their harmonization. The present study shows data collection methods for groups of the food consumption data, their utilization, furthermore, the stations of the international harmonization works in details. The authors underline that for the application of the food consumption data on the international level, it is crucial to harmonize the surveys’ parameters (e.g. time of data collection, method, number of participants, number of the analysed days and the age groups). For this purpose the efforts of the EU menu project, started in 2012, are promising. Orv. Hetil., 2012, 153, 1692–1700.

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FAO/WHO GIFT: increasing the availability, harmonization and use of individual quantitative food consumption data worldwide

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.768 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

R Ferreira de Sousa ◽

A Balcerzak ◽

T Bevere ◽

V Padula de Quadros

Keyword(s):

Food Safety ◽

Food Consumption ◽

Eating Habits ◽

Geographical Area ◽

Dietary Exposure ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Food Groups ◽

Middle Income ◽

Consumption Data ◽

Food Consumption Data

Abstract Introduction Understanding the various eating habits of different population groups, according to the geographical area, is critical to develop evidence-based policies for nutrition and food safety. The FAO/WHO Global Individual Food consumption data Tool (FAO/WHO GIFT) is a novel open-access online platform, hosted by FAO and supported by WHO, providing access to harmonized individual quantitative food consumption (IQFC) data, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods FAO/WHO GIFT disseminates IQFC data as ready-to-use food-based indicators in the form of infographics, and as microdata. The infographics intend to facilitate the use of these data by policy makers, providing an overview of key data according to population segments and food groups. The microdata is publicly available for download, and is intended for users that would like to do further analysis of the data. Results FAO/WHO GIFT is a growing repository. By June 2020, 14 datasets were available for dissemination and download, and an additional 44 datasets will be made available by 2022. FAO/WHO GIFT also provides an inventory of existing IQFC data worldwide, which currently contains detailed information on 268 surveys conducted in 105 countries. Conclusions FAO/WHO GIFT collates, harmonizes and disseminates IQFC data collected in different countries. This harmonization is aimed at enhancing the consistency and reliability of nutrient intake and dietary exposure assessments globally. FAO/WHO GIFT is developed in synergy with other global initiatives aimed at increasing the quality, availability and use of IQFC data in LMICs to enable evidence-based policy-making for better nutrition and food safety.

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Energy, Sugars, Iron, and Vitamin B12 Content of Commercial Infant Food Pouches and Other Commercial Infant Foods on the New Zealand Market

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13020657 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 657 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ioanna Katiforis ◽

Elizabeth A Fleming ◽

Jillian J Haszard ◽

Tiana Hape-Cramond ◽

Rachael W Taylor ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Vitamin B12 ◽

Nutritional Quality ◽

Infant Food ◽

Food Groups ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Free Sugars ◽

Total Sugars ◽

Added Sugars ◽

Infant Foods

There has been an important shift in the New Zealand infant food market over the past decade, with the majority of complementary foods now sold in “pouches”. Along with the increasing market share of commercial infant food pouches internationally, there have been growing concerns about their nutritional quality. However, research examining the nutritional quality of these pouches compared to other forms of commercial infant foods in New Zealand has not been undertaken. Nor have any studies reported the free sugars or added sugars content of these foods. To address this knowledge gap, a cross-sectional survey of infant foods sold in New Zealand supermarkets was conducted in 2019–2020. Recipes and nutrient lines were developed for the 266 foods identified (133 food pouches). The energy, iron, vitamin B12, total sugars, free sugars, and added sugars content of infant food pouches and other forms of commercial infant foods per 100 g were compared, both within food groups and by age group. Infant food pouches contained similar median amounts of energy, iron, and vitamin B12 to other forms of commercial infant foods but contained considerably more total sugars (8.4 g/100 g vs. 2.3 g/100 g). However, median free sugars and added sugars content was very low across all food groups except for “dairy” and “sweet snacks”. All “dry cereals” were fortified with iron whereas none of the infant food pouches were. Therefore, consuming food pouches to the exclusion of other commercial infant foods may place infants at risk of iron deficiency if they do not receive sufficient iron from other sources.

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FAO/WHO GIFT platform - hands on

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.770 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

R Ferreira de Sousa ◽

V Padula de Quadros ◽

A Balcerzak ◽

T Bevere

Keyword(s):

Food Safety ◽

Food Consumption ◽

Policy Development ◽

Middle Income ◽

Middle Income Countries ◽

Consumption Data ◽

Hands On ◽

Food Consumption Data ◽

Inventory Map ◽

Global Initiatives

Abstract The FAO/WHO Global Individual Food consumption data Tool (FAO/WHO GIFT) is a novel open-access online platform hosted by FAO and supported by WHO. FAO/WHO GIFT is aimed at increasing the quality, availability and use of individual quantitative food consumption (IQFC) data in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) to enable evidence-based decision-making and policy development for better nutrition and food safety. The platform is developed in synergy with other global initiatives working with food consumption data (e.g. Intake, Global Dietary Database, FAO/WHO FOSCOLLAB). The main objective of the session is to give the opportunity to participants to apply the knowledge gained over the previous sessions. Participants will be divided in small groups to do hands-on exercises using the features of the platform. Participants will learn how to identify existing IQFC surveys worldwide using the FAO/WHO GIFT inventory map. Participants will also explore the potential of the Indicators section of the platform according to the needs of different fields of work (food consumption, food safety and nutrition). Expert users will learn how to download dietary microdata and how to take advantage of other data sources using the same food classification and description system - FoodEx2. The workshop will close with a brainstorm session on how the FAO/WHO GIFT platform can be improved to support participants work.

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