scholarly journals Effects of Loigolactobacillus coryniformis K8 CECT 5711 on the Immune Response of Elderly Subjects to COVID-19 Vaccination: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 228
Author(s):  
Anxo Fernández-Ferreiro ◽  
Francisco J. Formigo-Couceiro ◽  
Roi Veiga-Gutierrez ◽  
Jose A. Maldonado-Lobón ◽  
Ana M. Hermida-Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
Vaccination Schedule ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Iga Antibody ◽  
Specific Igg ◽  
Antibody Levels

Elderly people are particularly vulnerable to COVID-19, with a high risk of developing severe disease and a reduced immune response to the COVID-19 vaccine. A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial to assess the effect of the consumption of the probiotic Loigolactobacillus coryniformis K8 CECT 5711 on the immune response generated by the COVID-19 vaccine in an elderly population was performed. Two hundred nursing home residents >60 yrs that had not COVID-19 were randomized to receive L. coryniformis K8 or a placebo daily for 3 months. All volunteers received a complete vaccination schedule of a mRNA vaccine, starting the intervention ten days after the first dose. Specific IgG and IgA antibody levels were analyzed 56 days after the end of the immunization process. No differences between the groups were observed in the antibody levels. During the intervention, 19 subjects had COVID-19 (11 receiving K8 vs. 8 receiving placebo, p = 0.457). Subgroup analysis in these patients showed that levels of IgG were significantly higher in those receiving K8 compared to placebo (p = 0.038). Among subjects >85 yrs that did not get COVID-19, administration of K8 tended to increase the IgA levels (p = 0.082). The administration of K8 may enhance the specific immune response against COVID-19 and may improve the COVID-19 vaccine-specific responses in elderly populations.

scholarly journals Effects of a Combination of Elderberry and Reishi Extracts on the Duration and Severity of Respiratory Tract Infections in Elderly Subjects: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 8259
Author(s):  
Carlos Gracián-Alcaide ◽  
Jose A. Maldonado-Lobón ◽  
Elisabeth Ortiz-Tikkakoski ◽  
Alejandro Gómez-Vilchez ◽  
Juristo Fonollá ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Lower Probability ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Tract Infections

Elderly people are particularly vulnerable to respiratory tract infections, so natural strategies to ameliorate the duration and severity of these infections are of great interest in this population. The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of the consumption of a combination of elderberry and reishi extracts on the incidence, severity, and duration of respiratory tract infections in a group of healthy elderly volunteers. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study was performed during the winter season. A group of 60 nursing home residents ≥65 years of age was randomly assigned to receive a combination of 1.5 g of elderberry +0.5 g of reishi or a placebo daily for 14 weeks. Data about the health conditions of the volunteers were evaluated and recorded by a medical doctor every 2 weeks. The incidence of respiratory infections was similar in both groups. However, volunteers in the extract group presented a significantly lower duration of common cold events (2.5 vs. 4.8 days, p = 0.033).and a significantly lower probability of having a high severity influenza-like illness event (p = 0.039). Moreover, the incidence of sleep disturbances was significantly lower in the extract group (p = 0.049). Therefore, the administration of a combination of elderberry and reishi extracts to the elderly population during the winter season might be used as a natural strategy to reduce the duration and severity of respiratory tract infections.

scholarly journals Dynamics of humoral immune response in pregnant mares and foals vaccinated with Theileria equi recombinant EMA-2

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 1105-1109
Author(s):  
Alice C. Santos ◽  
Fábio P.L. Leite ◽  
Ana M. Vianna ◽  
Guilherme B. Weege ◽  
Ilusca S. Finger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Humoral Immune Response ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Vaccination Schedule ◽  
Theileria Equi ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Baseline Values ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACT: Theileria equi is an infectious hemoprotozoan agent of equine piroplasmosis, a disease that has severe economic and sanitary impact internationally. In addition to its common clinical features, piroplasmosis can cause gestational losses and neonatal damage, which makes neonates susceptible to this disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the dynamics of humoral immune response to recombinant EMA-2 of T. equi in pregnant mares and foals, as well as the transfer of vaccine antibodies through the colostrum ingested by sucking foals. For vaccine production, the EMA-2 expression gene was cloned and expressed in the yeast species, Pichia pastoris. Thirty-six horses were used, of which 18 were pregnant mares and 18 were foals. The mares were divided into control and vaccinated groups, and the vaccinated group received three doses of rEMA-2 every 21 days starting at 300 days of gestation. Foals from vaccinated and control groups were evaluated until the sixth month of life. The production of antibodies by foals on the rEMA-2 vaccination schedule was also evaluated from the second month of life. Foals in the vaccinated group had received three doses of the vaccine every 21 days. The method used to evaluate serum and colostrum samples was indirect ELISA, and plates were sensitized with the rEMA-2 protein. At the end of the vaccination schedule, vaccinated mares showed a 2.3-fold increase in antibody levels when compared to baseline values. The colostrum of vaccinated mares presented antibody levels of 1.0432±0.33. Foals delivered by vaccinated mares presented levels of antibodies greater than those of foals delivered by control mares after their first time sucking (at about twelve hours after birth). Foals vaccinated in the second month of life showed an 8.3-fold increase in antibody levels when compared to baseline values. The vaccination schedule with rEMA-2 was able to stimulate humoral immunity in pregnant mares. Vaccine immunoglobins were concentrated in the colostrum of vaccinated mares and foals delivered by these mares showed an increase in serum levels of vaccine antibodies after the first-time sucking.

scholarly journals IgA2 Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 Correlate with NET Formation and Fatal Outcome in Severely Diseased COVID-19 Patients

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2676
Author(s):  
Léonie A. N. Staats ◽  
Hella Pfeiffer ◽  
Jasmin Knopf ◽  
Aylin Lindemann ◽  
Julia Fürst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Disease ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Adaptive Immune Response ◽  
Extracellular Dna ◽  
Neutrophil Extracellular Trap ◽  
Organ Injury ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
Specific Igg ◽  
Antibody Levels

Infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) leads to an adaptive immune response in the host and the formation of anti-SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies. While IgG responses against SARS-CoV-2 have been characterized quite well, less is known about IgA. IgA2 activates immune cells and induces inflammation and neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation which may contribute to organ injury and fatal outcome in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients. SARS-CoV-2 spike protein specific antibody levels were measured in plasma samples of 15 noninfected controls and 82 SARS-CoV-2-infected patients with no or mild symptoms, moderate symptoms (hospitalization) or severe disease (intensive care unit, ICU). Antibody levels were compared to levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and circulating extracellular DNA (ecDNA) as markers for general inflammation and NET formation, respectively. While levels of SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG were similar in all patient groups, IgA2 antibodies were restricted to severe disease and showed the strongest discrimination between nonfatal and fatal outcome in patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. While anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgA2 levels correlated with CRP levels in severely diseased patients, only anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgA2 correlated with ecDNA. These data suggest that the formation of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgA2 during SARS-CoV-2 infection is a marker for more severe disease related to NET formation and poor outcome.

Immune response to influenza vaccination of elderly people. A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial

Vaccine ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 12 (13) ◽  
pp. 1185-1189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Th.M.E. Govaert ◽  
M.J.W. Sprenger ◽  
G.J. Dinant ◽  
K. Aretz ◽  
N. Masurel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Influenza Vaccination ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Placebo

scholarly journals A Rapid Immune Response to 2009 Influenza A(H1N1) Vaccines in Adults: A Randomized, Double‐Blind, Controlled Trial

2010 ◽  
Vol 202 (5) ◽  
pp. 675-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiang Wu ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Hua‐Qing Wang ◽  
Jiang‐Ting Chen ◽  
Min Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Influenza A H1n1

scholarly journals Efficacy of montelukast in the management of COVID-19: double blind randomized placebo controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1374
Author(s):  
Vijay Kumar ◽  
Avinash A. Ganapule ◽  
Sushmita Supriya ◽  
Divendu Bhushan ◽  
Pallavi Lohani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Standard Operating Procedure ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Secondary Outcomes ◽  
Double Blinded

Background: Objective of the study was to determine the efficacy of montelukast in reducing the severity of COVID-19 symptoms using a double blinded randomized controlled trial.Methods: Parallel, double-blinded randomized controlled trial (RCT) with placebo as comparison to montelukast. All patients above the age of 14 years both males and females, admitted with a diagnosis of mild or moderate COVID-19 (on the basis of a positive reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) report) at our facility during the study period from 01 September 2020-31 January 2021) and excluding those having adverse reaction to montelukast or those not willing to participate, and pregnant and lactating females. Patients in the intervention arm were given tablet montelukast 10 mg OD HS from the day of admission for 10 days. The patients in the placebo group were given an identical appearing placebo at bedtime for 10 days from the day of admission. The rest of the treatment was given as per the standard operating procedure (SOP) of the institute with minor adjustments as per the treating team’s judgement. Primary outcome was progression of the disease to severe grade and secondary outcomes were discharge on or before day 10 from admission, admission to ICU, need for mechanical ventilation and in-hospital mortality.Results: A total of 94 patients were enrolled for the study. 90 patients, 45 in each arm were included in the final analysis. The baseline characteristics of the two arms including age, sex, comorbidities, severity at admission and treatment given apart from montelukast or placebo, were comparable with respect to these variables. This study did not find any improvement in primary outcome of progression to severe disease and secondary outcomes of intensive care unit (ICU) admission, mortality or need of mechanical ventilation, discharge on or by day 10 with the use of montelukast as compared to placebo in mild to moderate cases of COVID-19.Conclusions: There was no difference in primary or secondary outcomes with the use of Montelukast compared to placebo.

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